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701.
Asaad Ahmed Nafees Ambreen Kazi Zafar Fatmi Muhammad Irfan Arif Ali Fujio Kayama 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2011,33(2):203-216
This study was designed to determine the association between chronic arsenic exposure through drinking groundwater and decrement
in lung function, particularly among individuals who do not have signs of arsenic lesions, among an adult population. This
was a comparative cross-sectional study conducted during the months of January to March 2009. One hundred participants ≥15 years
of age in each group, i.e. exposed (≥100 μg/l) and unexposed (≤10 μg/l) to arsenic, determined by testing drinking water samples
(using portable kits), were compared for effects on lung function using spirometry. A structured and validated questionnaire
was administered. Examination for arsenic skin lesions was also done. There was a decline in the mean adjusted FEV1 of 154.3 ml
(95% CI: −324.7, 16.0; p = 0.076), in mean adjusted FVC of 221.9 ml (95% CI: −419.5, −24.3; p = 0.028), and in FEV1/FVC ratio of 2.0 (95% CI: −25.3, 29.4; p = 0.884) among participants who were exposed to arsenic compared to those unexposed. A separate model comprising a total
of 160 participants, 60 exposed to arsenic concentrations ≥250 μg/l and 100 unexposed at arsenic concentrations of ≤10 μg/l,
showed a decrement in mean adjusted FEV1 of 226.4 ml (95% CI: −430.4, −22.4; p = 0.030), in mean adjusted FVC of 354.8 ml (95% CI: −583.6, −126.0; p = 0.003), and in FEV1/FVC ratio of 9.9 (95% CI: −21.8, 41.6; p = 0.539) among participants who were exposed to arsenic in drinking groundwater. This study demonstrated that decrement in
lung function is associated with chronic exposure to arsenic in drinking groundwater, occurring independently, and even before
any manifestation, of arsenic skin lesions or respiratory symptoms. The study also demonstrated a dose-response effect of
arsenic exposure and lung function decrement. 相似文献
702.
The distribution of triclosan and methyl-triclosan in marine sediments of Barker Inlet, South Australia 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Fernandes M Shareef A Kookana R Gaylard S Hoare S Kildea T 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2011,13(4):801-806
In this work, we investigated the transport and burial of triclosan and its methylated derivative, in surface sediments near the mouth of Barker Inlet in South Australia. The most likely source of this commonly used bactericide to the area is a wastewater outfall discharging at the confluence of the inlet with marine waters. Triclosan was detected in all samples, at concentrations (5-27 μg kg(-1)) comparable to values found in other surface sediments under the influence of marine wastewater outfalls. Its dispersal was closely associated with fine and organic-rich fractions of the sediments. Methyl-triclosan was detected in approximately half of the samples at concentrations <11 μg kg(-1). The occurrence of this compound was linked to both wastewater discharges and biological methylation of the parent compound. Wastewater-borne methyl-triclosan had a smaller spatial footprint than triclosan and was mostly deposited in close proximity to the outfall. In situ methylation of triclosan likely occurs at deeper depositional sites, whereas the absence of methyl-triclosan from shallower sediments was potentially explained by photodegradation of the parent compound. Based on partition equilibrium, a concentration of triclosan in the order of 1 μg L(-1) was estimated in sediment porewaters, a value lower than the threshold reported for harmful effects to occur in the couple of species of marine phytoplankton investigated to date. Methyl-triclosan presents a greater potential for bioaccumulation than triclosan, but the implications of its occurrence to aquatic ecosystem health are difficult to predict given the lack of ecotoxicological data in the current literature. 相似文献
703.
Quantifying the Effects of Forest Management Strategies on the Production of Forest Values: Timber,Carbon, Oxygen,Water, and Soil 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Emin Zeki Başkent Sedat Keleş Ali İhsan Kadıoğulları Özkan Bingöl 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2011,16(2):145-152
Forest management practices alter forest structure quantified with ecosystem characteristics and values. In this paper, we utilized a forest management simulation model to assess the effects of three forest management strategies focusing on timber production, carbon sequestration, oxygen production, soil erosion, and water production of a forest management unit in Turkey. A forest simulation model “ETÇAPSimülasyon” was developed and used to project forest ecosystem development over 100 years under three forest management policies of timber-oriented forest management (TFM), multipurpose forest management (MFM), and no intervention (NI). The results showed that TFM strategy produced more timber and its net present value than MFM and NI strategies did. The amount of carbon sequestration and oxygen production potential was also found to be the highest with TFM strategy than with the MFM and NI strategies. Compared with the other strategies, however, NI strategy produced the highest amount of water production and soil losses over the planning horizon. The effects of a forest management strategy depend mainly on the initial forest structure, the rate of development and the level of forest management interventions. Therefore, forest dynamics under various management strategies should be explained before the final management decision. Understanding long-term effects of any management strategies on forest structure will provide the basis for better reaching the management objectives. 相似文献
704.
Doulati Ardejani F Jodieri Shokri B Moradzadeh A Shafaei SZ Kakaei R 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,183(1-4):41-55
Pyrite oxidation and release of the oxidation products from a low-grade coal waste dump to stream, groundwater and soil was investigated by geochemical and hydrogeochemical techniques at Alborz Sharghi coal washing plant, Shahrood, northeast Iran. Hydrogeochemical analysis of water samples indicates that the metal concentrations in the stream waters were low. Moreover, the pH of the water showed no considerable change. The analysis of the stream water samples shows that except the physical changes, pyrite oxidation process within the coal washing waste dump has not affected the quality of the stream water. Water type was determined to be calcium sulphate. The results of the analysis of groundwater samples indicate that the pH varies from 7.41 to 7.51. The concentrations of the toxic metals were low. The concentration of SO4 is slightly above than its standard concentration in potable water. It seems that the groundwater less affected by the coal washing operation in the study area. Geochemical analysis of the sediment samples shows that Fe concentration decreases gradually downstream the waste dump with pH rising. SO(4) decreases rapidly downstream direction. Copper, Zn and Co concentrations decrease with distance from the waste dump due to a dilution effect by the mixing of uncontaminated sediments. These elements, in particular, Zn are considerably elevated in sediment sample collected at the nearest distance to the waste dump. There is no doubt that such investigations can help to develop an appropriate water remediation plan. 相似文献
705.
Neda Saraygord-Afshari Fereshteh Abbasisiar Parviz Abdolmaleki Mahdi Ghiassi-Nejad Ali Attarilar 《The Environmentalist》2011,31(3):308-314
Thirty-eight different milk and milk powder samples from Tehran-Iran were collected and analyzed for 90Sr activity using a method in which the daughter product of 90Sr decay (90Y) was extracted by tributyl phosphate from ashed milk. 90Y was then back extracted with water, and oxalate was precipitated . Following the sample analyzing, beta counting was performed
with an ultralow-level liquid scintillation spectrometer. The quality control and assurance of the method were obtained by
standard samples prepared with an IAEA-certified reference material. The mean determined 90Sr activity concentration in the analyzed milk and milk powder (0.225 ± 0.042 and 0.216 ± 0.024 Bq kg−1, respectively) showed that the radioactivity concentration in our samples was too low to induce biological hazards. These
data can provide useful information of the background level of contamination, which in turn can be used in the following environmental
monitoring programs. 相似文献
706.
707.
708.
Ganie Showkat Ali Ali Akbar Mir Tariq Ahmad Mazumdar Nasreen 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2022,30(2):504-515
Journal of Polymers and the Environment - Niacin, an essential B-complex vitamin, used in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is the first perceived lipid regulating medication,... 相似文献
709.
Mohamad Nurzia Mazlan Mazween Mohamad Tawakkal Intan Syafinaz Mohamed Amin Talib Rosnita A. Kian Lau Kia Jawaid Mohammad 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2022,30(2):585-596
Journal of Polymers and the Environment - The development of active packaging for food applications have been increasingly favorable in publicity, industry, and research field, by attributing to... 相似文献
710.
Yatoo Ali Mohd Ali Md. Niamat Zaheen Zarka Baba Zahoor Ahmad Ali Shafat Rasool Saiema Sheikh Tahir Ahmad Sillanpää Mika Gupta Pankaj Kumar Hamid Burhan Hamid Basharat 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2022,20(4):2573-2596
Environmental Chemistry Letters - Two million tonnes of pesticides are currently used globally to improve crop production, yet these pesticides induce adverse effects on soil quality and... 相似文献