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651.
Muhammad Wasim Shahrukh Shoaib N. M. Mubarak Inamuddin Abdullah M. Asiri 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2018,16(3):861-879
Deterioration of buried metal pipes due to corrosive soil environment is a major issue worlwide. Although failures of buried pipe due to corrosive soil is an old problem, yet such failures are still uncontrollable even with the application of advanced corrosion protection technologies. Therefore, understanding factors causing corrosion of buried pipes is necessary. This article reviews factors causing corrosion of buried pipes in soils. Factors include moisture content, soil resistivity, pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature and microbial activity. Moreover, we discuss the influence of manufacturing method and the comparison of corrosion behaviour of cast iron, ductile and mild steel pipes. We found that corrosion rate of pipes increases with moisture contents up to the critical moisture value. Although pH affects corrosion, there is no relationship between corrosion and pH and the corrosion rates of buried pipes are inversely proportional to soil resistivity. Soils containing more organic matter show high resistivity. Dissolved oxygen in soil develops differential cell which accelerates corrosion of metallic pipe. Different types of bacteria present in soil develop biofilms on metallic pipes, which deteriorates pipes with time. 相似文献
652.
Social capital's role in recovery: evidence from communities affected by the 2010 Pakistan floods 下载免费PDF全文
Pakistan suffered large‐scale flooding in summer 2010 that caused damage amounting to approximately USD 43 billion, claimed the lives of at least 1,700 people, and negatively affected some 20 million others. Observers have debated the degree to which social capital plays a role in recovery after a catastrophe of this magnitude. Using new survey data on 450 residents impacted by the disaster, this study found that, controlling for various confounding factors, the social capital levels of victims serve as robust correlates of life recovery. Other important variables connected with recovery include education and income, family size, occupation, material damage suffered, stability of home, and trauma experience. The findings point to a number of relevant policy recommendations, most notably that during and following major shocks, disaster managers should work to keep the social networks of victims intact so that they can benefit from interaction with family, friends, and neighbours. 相似文献
653.
Phosphorus sorption and availability in soils amended with animal manures and sewage sludge 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Soils that receive large applications of animal wastes and sewage sludge are vulnerable to releasing environmentally significant concentrations of dissolved P available to subsurface flow owing to the gradual saturation of the soil's P sorption capacity. This study evaluated P sorption (calculated from Langmuir isotherms) and availability of P (as CaCl2-P and resin P) in soils incubated for 20 d with poultry litter, poultry manure, cattle slurry, municipal sewage sludge, or KH2PO4, added on a P-equivalent basis (100 mg P kg(-1)). All the P sources had a marked negative effect on P sorption and a positive effect on P availability in all soils. In the cattle slurry- and KH2PO4-treated soils, the decreases in P sorption maximum (19-66%) and binding energy (25-89%) were consistently larger than the corresponding decreases (7-41% and 11-30%) in poultry litter-, poultry manure-, and sewage sludge-treated soils. The effects of cattle slurry and KH2PO4 on P availability were, in most cases, larger than those of the other P sources. In the poultry litter, poultry manure, and sewage sludge treatments, the increase in soil solution P was inversely related (R2 = 0.75) to the input of Ca from these relatively high Ca (13.5-42 g kg(-1)) sources. Correlation analyses implied that the magnitude of the changes in P sorption and availability was not related to the water-extractable P content of the P sources. Future research on the sustainable application of organic wastes to agricultural soils needs to consider the non-P- as well as P-containing components of the waste. 相似文献
654.
The importance of preserving both protected areas and their surrounding landscapes as one of the major conservation strategies
for tigers has received attention over recent decades. However, the mechanism of how land-use surrounding protected areas
affects the dynamics of tiger populations is poorly understood. We developed Panthera Population Persistence (PPP)—an individual-based
model—to investigate the potential mechanism of the Sumatran tiger population dynamics in a protected area and under different
land-use scenarios surrounding the reserve. We tested three main landscape compositions (single, combined and real land-uses
of Tesso-Nilo National Park and its surrounding area) on the probability of and time to extinction of the Sumatran tiger over
20 years in Central Sumatra. The model successfully explains the mechanisms behind the population response of tigers under
different habitat landscape compositions. Feeding and mating behaviours of tigers are key factors, which determined population
persistence in a heterogeneous landscape. All single land-use scenarios resulted in tiger extinction but had a different probability
of extinction within 20 years. If tropical forest was combined with other land-use types, the probability of extinction was
smaller. The presence of agroforesty and logging concessions adjacent to protected areas encouraged the survival of tiger
populations. However, with the real land-use scenario of Tesso-Nilo National Park, tigers could not survive for more than
10 years. Promoting the practice of agroforestry systems surrounding the park is probably the most reasonable way to steer
land-use surrounding the Tesso-Nilo National Park to support tiger conservation. 相似文献
655.
Husain Tahir Safdar Kousar Shazia Ahmed Farhan Rizwan Ullah Muhammad 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(35):47932-47941
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Air pollution brings uncountable serious influences on human life during the last decade. This study is an attempt to compare economic liberalism with... 相似文献
656.
Jan Amin Ullah Hadi Fazal Shah Abdullah Ditta Allah Nawaz Muhammad Asif Tariq Muhammad 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(32):43417-43430
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Soil pollution due to potentially toxic elements is a worldwide challenge for health and food security. Chelate-assisted phytoextraction along with... 相似文献
657.
Anser Muhammad Khalid Apergis Nicholas Syed Qasim Raza Alola Andrew Adewale 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(35):48112-48122
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Considering that the rigor of economic activities has widely been linked with the turbulent nature of the increasing global atmospheric and... 相似文献
658.
Anser Muhammad Khalid Usman Bushra Hyder Shabir Nassani Abdelmohsen A. Askar Sameh E. Zaman Khalid Abro Muhammad Moinuddin Qazi 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(36):49820-49832
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The study’s objective is to evaluate the impact of environmental sustainability rating, financial development, changes in the price level and... 相似文献
659.
Usman Muhammad Jahanger Atif 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(28):37292-37310
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This study investigates the heterogeneous effects of remittance inflows, institutional quality, foreign direct investment, energy consumption,... 相似文献
660.
Usman Muhammad Ho Yuh-Shan 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(14):16913-16924
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The ongoing pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global health emergency. Thousands of articles have been published to tackle this... 相似文献