最严重的12方面环境问题--摘译自贾里德·戴蒙德《崩溃:社会如何选择失败还是成功》

在我看来。过去和现在社会所面临的最严重的环境问题．可以归纳为12个方面。其中8个过去早已凸显，另外4个只是最近才变得严重即能源、光合作用上限、有毒化学品和大气变化。     

石化企业的节水与废水资源化问题

讨论了石化企业如何充分利用水资源，不断提高节水意识。并结合石化企业的具体情况，用系统工程的分析方法，深入研究节水和水资源化的方法和途径。对这些问题，提出一些看法供大家参考。     

复合催化氧化技术对油气田压裂返排液的处理研究

酸化压裂作业废水是石油天然气生产过程中的主要污染源,它的污染成份复杂,有害物质浓度高,特别是含有胍胶和表面活性剂等高分子物质,具有高COD、高稳定度、高粘度的特点.本文通过对压裂液的来源、水质特征、治理现状等常用方法的分析,确定了物理化学脱稳,过滤、O3/H2O2复合催化氧化、深度氧化的达标治理工艺路线.经过处理后的压裂液澄清透明,达到国家二级排放标准(GB8978-96).     

关于义县生态环境保护与建设方案

根据义县生态环境的现状及存在的问题，运用生态学原理，提出了水土保持与退耕还林还草、水资源保护与科学利用、农村能源建设、村屯生态建设、发展生态农业经济、自然保护区建设等相应的建设方案。     

城市生活垃圾场处理技术模糊综合评价

通过对一个待建的城市生活垃圾场处理技术的综合分析，建立一个相对完整的指标体系，然后用模糊数学的方法，对指标体系进行量化、归一化，得到一个通用的评价模型，并运用此模型对该垃圾的垃圾处理方式进行评价，最后提出卫生填埋是当前较为合理的处理方式。     

BP网络应用于大气环境监测点的优选

为了对大气环境监测点进行优化选择 ,以大气质量分级标准为训练样本 ,构造BP网络进行训练 ,用训练好的BP网络对某地的大气环境监测采样点进行了优选 ,并与物元分析法优选结果进行比较。结果表明 ,BP网络用于环境测点优选具有较好的客观性和应用性     

Relation between some variations of soil and surface vegetatio and desertization in agriculture-pasture interlacing zone an example from Kangbao County,North Hebei,China

The studied agriculture-pasture interlacing zone has its specific natural conditions,at which the natural systems are unstable ,their self-regulation capability is low and the equilibrium is easily broken, and hence the habitat is fairly vulnerable.During last 20 years the increasing population and livestock ,over-reclamation,over-pasturing,over-deforesting, and other intensified negative human activities in the zone resulted in coarsening of surface soil,decrease of organic mater content in soil, reduction of vegetation coverage ,variation and degradation of flora structure, and hence in desertization of the land, although average of gales and sandstorms some decreased and the climate tended to be better in the region.However, the frequent sandstorms occurring in the springs of last and present years has attracted much attention.Investigations confirmed that the main cause for the phenomena is the unreasonable human activites rater than the natural factors.     

Production of laccase by Coriolus versicolor and its application in decolorization of dyestuffs: (Ⅱ) Decolorization of dyes by laccase containing fermentation broth with or without self-immobilized mycelia

The capability of decolorization for commercial dyes by Coriolus versicolur fermentation broth containing laccase with or without immobilized mycelium was evaluated.With cell-free fermentation broth containing laccase,high decolorization ratio was achieved for acid orange 7,but not for the other dyes concerned.The immobilized mycelium was proved to be more efficient than the cell-free system.All the four dyestuffs studied were found being decolourized with certain extent by immobilized mycelium.The repeated-batch decolorization was carried out with satisfactory results.The experimental data showed that the continuous decolorization of wastewater from a printing and dyeing industry was possible by using self-immobilized C.Versicolor.     

The effect of heating temperature of thin film transistor-liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD) optical waste glass as a partial substitute partial for clay in eco-brick

In order to fulfill the current WEEE directives, the traditional approach to manage thin film transistor-liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD) waste glass is inadequate. It is a serious opportunity to achieve resource conservation, reduction, stabilization and safety of management of TFT-LCD in the near future. To assist in achieving these goals, this study investigated the sintering characteristics and material properties of TFT-LCD waste glass, which can be pulverized and ground and subsequently blended with clay, at various substitution levels (0–40%) and finally fired from 800 °C to 1000 °C to make eco-brick. The brick thus produced was analyzed to determine variations in weight losses on ignition, 24-h absorption, bulk density, shrinkage, compressive strength and microstructure changes. The results for specific gravity, water adsorption, and compressive strength revealed that bricks made from mixtures containing TFT-LCD waste glass met the general requirements for bricks. The advantages of less water absorption, less weight loss on ignition, and a gain in compressive strength in the clay-TFT-LCD waste glass bricks should encourage the use of TFT-LCD waste glass as a brick additive.     

上海市扬尘污染源遥感解译及其管理信息系统

利用遥感影像资料,分析了上海市扬尘污染源的空间分布特征与规律,并计算了上海市主要扬尘源的起尘量。利用获取的基础数据,建立了上海市扬尘污染源管理地理信息系统,为上海市扬尘污染源的控制管理提供了依据。