Sorption-desorption behavior of PCP on soil organic matter and clay minerals

Pentachlorophenol (PCP) contamination is a severe environmental problem due to its widespread occurrence, toxicity and recalcitrance. In order to gain a better understanding of the fate of PCP in soils, the role of the soil organic matter (SOM) and clay minerals in the PCP sorption-desorption was studied on two bulk field soils, two subsoils (i.e., SOM or clay-removed soil) and two artificial soils. The two field soils used were a silty loam from New Mexico (NM) containing 10% clay and a sandy-clay-loam from Colombia (CO) South America comprised of 18% clay minerals. The bulk CO soil containing kaolinite sorbed significantly less PCP than the NM soil. All soils depicted an apparent hysteresis during sorption. The CO bulk and subsoils desorbed 14-20% and 15-26% of the sorbed PCP respectively whereas the NM bulk and subsoils desorbed only 4-12% and 5-16%, respectively. Experiments conducted with pure clay and artificial soils indicated that the expandable clay minerals were key sorbent material. Additional studies to investigate the interaction between SOM and clay minerals are needed to fully understand sorptive phenomena.     

Pyrosequencing Analysis of Norovirus Genogroup II Distribution in Sewage and Oysters: First Detection of GII.17 Kawasaki 2014 in Oysters

Norovirus GII.3, GII.4, and GII.17 were detected using pyrosequencing in sewage and oysters in January and February 2015, in Japan. The strains in sewage and oyster samples were genetically identical or similar, predominant strains belonging to GII.17 Kawasaki 2014 lineage. This is the first report of GII.17 Kawasaki 2014 in oysters.     

试论江苏省国土资源与区域可持续发展

国土资源是区域可持续发展的基础,国土资源的合理开发利用是区域持发展的必由之路。首先详细地分析了江苏国土资源的优势条件,然后着重阐述了江苏国土资源的劣势,指出 一个资源约束型省份人地关系紧张、气候灾害频敏、环境问题突出已严重制约着区域的可持续发展;最后,根据江苏省情,对江苏可持续发展提出如下建议;加强对地理区位的开发和利用,促进力的合理布局,严格控制人口增长,努力提高人口素质,严格保护耕地,高效利用     

电位滴定法连续测定废水中溴和氯

采用电位滴定法连续测定废水中溴和氯,以216型银电极为指示电级,217型饱和甘汞电极为参比电极。测定结果的相对标准偏差溴为065%,氯为054%。测定误差溴为-025%,氯为028%。此法可用于溴和氯的连续测定。     

长江、嘉陵江重庆段生活垃圾污染负荷研究

通过对重庆市生活垃圾的取样分析，得出重庆市城区、郊区城镇生活垃圾中污染物含量，从而计算出重庆现有的生活垃圾污染负荷。同时，对重庆市到２０００年生活垃圾污染负荷进行了预测，为重庆市水污染控制规划提供了必须的生活垃圾污染负荷数据。     

小船的防油污措施

行驶于中国江河湖海的成千上万艘小于４００ 总吨的船舶，是造成水域环境油污染的主要原因之一。国际防污公约对这类船舶的防油污措施并无详细规定。文中介绍一种相应的举措，可供各地主管部门、船东、船舶修造厂、船员等参考。     

城市小区分散式生态污水处理

针对目前我国城市集中式污水处理方法的弊端，提出将小型人工湿地运用于城市小区的污水处理，形成分散式生态污水处理系统，实现环境目标与经济效益的结合。     

污水深度处理系统在油田污水处理中的应用分析

乐安油田是通过蒸汽吞吐减轻原油粘度进行开采的稠油油田。针对其特点,借鉴美国、加拿大污水回用的成功经验和先进技术,建成投产了国内第一座也是最大的一座油井采出水回用于湿蒸汽发生器的大型泵站 ── 乐安污水深度处理站。文章详细介绍了污水深度处理系统以及运行2年来所取得的成果,证明油田采出水深度处理后回用于湿蒸汽发生器技术是完全可行并易于操作的。     

基于边云协同计算的浮桥运动姿态在线监测技术研究

目的 解决水面多模块浮体在离散状态和串联状态下的运动姿态时空同步监测问题。方法 基于边云协同技术,采用多个边缘计算节点同时采集结构姿态数据,并经由5G无线技术实时传输到物联网平台进行分析与监测,进而实现目标结构物姿态的快速监测。首先,根据临时结构物姿态监测的特点,分析得到姿态监测系统的总体设计架构与运行逻辑;其次,针对性地对物联网平台软件及边缘计算节点的各项功能模块进行分析设计;最后通过实船试验验证该监测系统。结果 该监测系统实现了多个浮体姿态数据的边缘采集与处理,并可通过无线网络传输到物联网平台进行存储与分析。在同一工况下,相邻浮桥的姿态具有一致性与相关性;在牵引工况下,中间浮桥的姿态变化更小;在顶推工况下,中间浮桥的姿态变化更大。结论 通过该技术能够监测到不同工况下多浮体结构物所产生的姿态变化,对于多浮体同步监测与数据融合处理问题具备一定的实用价值。