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51.
Krishnakumar S. Singh D. Satheesh Herbert Godson Prince S. Thanga Salom Gnana 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(48):72309-72311
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - 相似文献
52.
针对目前国内外垃圾渗沥液处理中存在的问题,采用电化学氧化与上流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)相结合,研究建立了对香港垃圾渗沥液的二步法处理工艺.本文着重探讨了电化学间接氧化去除渗沥液中氨氮的反应机制及主要影响因素,并通过实验找出了最佳的操作条件:入水初始 pH值为9.0;流速为0.01-0.10cm/s;CI加入量2000mg/L;电流密度 32.3mA/cm2.在此条件下,经过 6h电解后,UASB反应器出水中NH-N和COD的去除率分别达到100%和87%.对该电化学氧化过程的运行成本进行了评估. 相似文献
53.
A fire at a chemical manufacturing plant at Schweizerhalle (near Basel) in November 1986 and the subsequent release of toxic agrochemicals into the Rhine river is taken as a basis to discuss some problems and needs in ecotoxicological research. Especially serious is the lack of knowledge about chronic effects of mixtures of chemicals to individuals and whole ecosystems. There is an urgent need for generally applicable principles and concepts. A discussion of the relationship between toxic effects to fish, exposure time, and concentration provides some hints about the direction towards which research should proceed. Finally, eight theses pertaining to ecotoxicology summarize what can be learned from the analysis of a chemical spill. 相似文献
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Two novel gas-tight snow samplers (snow-can and snow-tube) are presented and the performance of the snow-can in a field trial was assessed. The methodology for the sampling, extraction and analysis of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are detailed. These samplers allow the various components of a snow sample to be analysed separately; these included the meltwater (MW), particulate matter (GFF) and vapour in the headspace (HS). Snow samples collected on the Punta Indren glacier in the Italian Alps revealed the occurrence of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organochlorine pesticides (OC). Replicate samples of the same snow type were undertaken as a test of sampling precision. Relative standard deviations (RSDs) for SigmaPCBs and SigmaPAHs were approximately 30% and approximately 35% respectively. The lowest precision was found for the particle-laden snow, notably for the heavier PCB homologues. For the chlorinated compounds, the pesticides lindane and endosulfan-I had the highest levels in snow, with mean concentrations of 402 and 103 pgl(-1) (snow meltwater) respectively. The vapour present in the headspace (HS) comprised a minor component of a collected sample for all compounds, but HS concentrations for three lighter PAHs gave good agreement with those calculated based on their dimensionless Henry's law constants. This suggests that volatilisation during melting of aged snow-can be reasonably predicted with knowledge of the temperature-dependent Henry's law constant. 相似文献
60.
Rabitsch WB 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》1995,90(2):239-247
Ants are of considerable importance in the cycling of pollutant metals in contaminated terrestrial ecosystems. However, little is known about their ecophysiological response to chronic (and acute) metal stress, either at the individual or the population level. In the present study, the concentrations of Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn were compared in 13 species of Formicidae from different sites in the vicinity of a lead/zinc smelter in Arnoldstein, Austria. Results indicate species- and metal-dependent differences in site-specific accumulation patterns. A generalized ranking of metal levels in higher taxa, in decreasing order, is: Formicinae-Dolichoderinae-Myrmicinae. Lead, Cd and Zn body burdens decreased with increasing distance from the emission source, at least in some species, whereas Cu levels appeared to be site-independent in most cases. In general, metal body burdens were higher in summer than in spring, irrespective of site, species or metal. Measured lead levels in Formicidae exceeded previously reported field data by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude, stressing the enormous impact of lead on the Arnoldstein area. A decrease of Cd, Cu and Zn concentrations was recorded in ants collected two years after closure of the smelting complex, but lead levels remained constant. The metal levels were lower in pupae than in workers. The present results indicate differentiated metal regulatory capabilities and strategies in the investigated species, but the inherent bionomics of ants render interpretations of field data difficult and more emphasis should be laid on the ecophysiology of metals in Formicidae. 相似文献