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101.
We investigated the extent of Sb uptake by maize (Zea mays) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus) from nutrient solutions containing concentrations from 3 to 24 mg/L of potassium antimonate, with the aim of determining
the potential of Sb to enter the food chain. The maximum shoot Sb concentrations in Z. mays and H. annuus were 41 mg/kg and 77 mg/kg dry weight, respectively. There was no significant difference in Sb uptake between species. The
average bioaccumulation coefficients (the plant/solution concentration quotients) were 1.02 and 1.93 for Z. mays and H. annuus, respectively. Phosphate addition did not affect plant growth or Sb uptake. Antimony uptake by both Z. mays and H. annuus is unlikely to pose a health risk to animals and humans. 相似文献
102.
The complexity of ecosystems urges that the evaluation process should avoid an aggregation of information. The reason is that although mathematical modelling has made enormous progress (object oriented programming) there is still no ecologically reasonable function of quality. The technique to compare chemicals for example, even if they are characterized by many properties, is based on the generalization of the concept of order and the method of visualization by the using Hasse diagrams. By the example of six chemicals the procedure will be explained and it will be shown that a high hazard potential of chemicals is related to different properties, which cause different ecotoxicological consequences. 相似文献
103.
2-Chlorovinylarsine dichloride (Lewisite I) react by room temperature quickly with alcohols in an equilibrium reaction to yield 2-Chlorovinylarsine chloride ether and 2-Chlorovinylarsine bisether. The reactions are not quantitative. The ethyl- and propylether are not stable. The ether were identified with mass spectrometry. 相似文献
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Kost C Lakatos T Böttcher I Arendholz WR Redenbach M Wirth R 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2007,94(10):821-828
Fungus-growing ants and their fungal cultivar form a highly evolved mutualism that is negatively affected by the specialized
parasitic fungus Escovopsis. Filamentous Pseudonocardia bacteria occurring on the cuticle of attine ants have been proposed to form a mutualistic interaction with these ants in
which they are vertically transmitted (i.e. from parent to offspring colonies). Given a strictly vertical transmission of
Pseudonocardia, the evolutionary theory predicts a reduced genetic variability of symbionts among ant lineages. The aim of this study was
to verify whether actinomycetes, which occur on Acromyrmex octospinosus leaf-cutting ants, meet this expectation by comparing their genotypic variability with restriction fragment length polymorphisms.
Multiple actinomycete strains could be isolated from both individual ant workers and colonies (one to seven strains per colony).
The colony specificity of actinomycete communities was high: Only 15% of all strains were isolated from more than one colony,
and just 5% were present in both populations investigated. Partial sequencing of 16S ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid of two
of the isolated strains assigned both of them to the genus Streptomyces. Actinomycetes could also be isolated from workers of the two non-attine ant species Myrmica rugulosa and Lasius flavus. Sixty-two percent of the strains derived from attine ants and 80% of the strains isolated from non-attine ants inhibited
the growth of Escovopsis. Our data suggest that the association between attine ants and their actinomycete symbionts is less specific then previously
thought. Soil-dwelling actinomycetes may have been dynamically recruited from the environment (horizontal transmission), probably
reflecting an adaptation to a diverse community of microbial pathogens. 相似文献
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