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111.
Teresa Catry Jaime A. Ramos Matthieu Le Corre Jessica Kojadinovic Paco Bustamante 《Marine Biology》2008,155(6):637-647
Nitrogen (δ15N) and carbon (δ13C) stable isotopes and contaminants, such as mercury, have been widely used to characterise foraging ecology of temperate
and polar seabirds. In this study, for the first time, we used isotopic signatures and mercury levels of feathers and blood
of eight tropical seabird species, that forage in a range-gradient between inshore and offshore areas, to describe the foraging
habits of a large tropical seabird community (from two neighboring islands of the Seychelles archipelago, western Indian Ocean)
during both the breeding and inter-breeding periods. Overall, we found a high overlap in both δ15N and δ13C signatures among species. The high inter-specific overlap in δ15N values was expected, given the similarities in the diet of the species from this community. However, several unexpected
results, such as (1) the consistently higher δ15N signatures of white terns (Gygis alba), (2) the large variation in inter-specific differences in δ15N signatures among the sampling groups (season, age, island and tissue) and (3) the consistent low δ15N values of breeding birds during the northwest monsoon (austral summer), suggest that δ15N signatures cannot be used as indicators of seabird trophic levels in this community. The high inter-specific overlap in
δ13C signatures and the absence, during the breeding season, of a δ13C gradient that follows the inshore-offshore foraging gradient within the community can be explained by the habitat homogeneity
of the Seychelles continental shelf and suggest that birds forage mostly within the limits of this “plateau”. On the other
hand, the similarities in δ13C values between the breeding and inter-breeding periods in species that are known to show post-breeding dispersal, strongly
support the hypothesis of a lack of latitudinal variation in δ13C signatures of POM in the central Indian Ocean, and the consequent inaccuracy of δ13C values to track seabird movements within this geographic area. Inter-specific differences in mercury levels seem to be related
to prey size, while consistent higher mercury concentrations in one of the studied islands suggest different island mercury-backgrounds
and possible segregation in foraging areas between the seabirds of the two islands.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
112.
Fernando Veloso-Gomes Ana Barroco Ana Ramos Pereira Carlos Sousa Reis Helena Calado João Gomes Ferreira Maria Da Conceição Freitas Manuel Biscoito 《Journal of Coastal Conservation》2008,12(1):3-9
This paper includes the proposals made in the report “Basis for a National Strategy for Coastal Zone Management” prepared
for the Portuguese Ministry of Environment, Territorial Planning and Regional Development. The final version of that report
was presented in June 2006. This paper describes a theme framework followed by a discussion of concepts. Nine Primary Principles,
eight Principal Objectives, and 37 Strategic Options for an Integrated Coastal Zone Management are then presented. These Strategic
Options are set hierarchically according to their sequential priority, identifying the dominant types of Associated Measures.
The analysis of these arrives at a set of Structural Measures, which interlink and aggregate various actions and propose a
new method of integrated management for the coastal zone, which includes the “Legal Basis of Coastal Zone”; the Organization
System; the Action Plan and Monitoring. 相似文献
113.
Giovanni Eustáquio Alves Silva Flávia Toledo Ramos Ana Paula de Faria Marcel Giovanni Costa França 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(19):11572-11579
We determined the length, volume, dry biomass, and density in seeds of five castor bean cultivars and verified notable physicochemical trait differences. Seeds were then subjected to different toxic aluminum (Al) concentrations to evaluate germination, relative root elongation, and the role of root apices’ rhizosphere mucilage layer. Seeds’ physicochemical traits were associated with Al toxicity responses, and the absence of Al in cotyledons near to the embryo was revealed by Al-hematoxylin staining, indicating that Al did not induce significant germination reduction rates between cultivars. However, in the more sensitive cultivar, Al was found around the embryo, contributing to subsequent growth inhibition. After this, to investigate the role of mucilage in Al tolerance, an assay was conducted using NH4Cl to remove root mucilage before or after exposure to different Al concentrations. Sequentially, the roots were stained with hematoxylin and a quantitative analysis of staining intensity was obtained. These results revealed the significant contribution of the mucilage layer to Al toxicity responses in castor bean seedlings. Root growth elongation under Al toxicity confirmed the role of the mucilage layer, which jointly indicated the differential Al tolerance between cultivars and an efficient Al-exclusion mechanism in the tolerant cultivar. 相似文献
114.
Ulysses Paulino de Albuquerque Luciana Gomes de Sousa Nascimento Fabio José Vieira Cybelle Maria de Albuquerque Duarte Almeida Marcelo Alves Ramos Ana Carolina Oliveira da Silva 《Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics》2012,25(1):19-32
The scientific community has debated the importance of “return” activities after ethnobiological studies. This issue has provoked
debate because it touches on the ethics of research and the relationships with the people involved in these studies. This
case study aimed to investigate community perception of an ethnobotany research project that was carried out in the semi-arid
region of northeastern Brazil. Furthermore, we reported how the residents of this rural community felt about participating
in the activities of “return” that arose from the projects. Our findings demonstrate that “return” activities should be planned
from the design phase of the research until its closure as a lifelong process that allows the communities involved to gradually
take ownership of the information and actions that are being generated. Similarly, we argue that such activities must be negotiated
with the people of the community so that they have decision-making power and autonomy to decide what is most relevant to their
lives. 相似文献
115.
The environmental pesticide distribution on non-target systems (soil, drift and agricultural plastics) during the application step at small periurban production units, was studied in open field and greenhouses, for different crops (tomato, lettuce, broccoli, strawberry and flowers) using different pesticides (endosulfan, procymidone, chlorothalonil, chlorpyrifos and deltamethrin). In all cases, soil was the most exposed non-target system. For greenhouses, a general pesticide distribution was found of approximately 2/3 for crop, 1/4 for soil and 1/20 for plastic, of the total amount applied. In horticultural open fields, although the distribution was very dependent on the crop size and type, soil was also the most exposed non-target subsystem. Pesticide drift seems not to be significant in these production units, whilst pesticide accumulation on agricultural plastics reached up to 45% of the total applied, for polyethylene mulching in strawberry fields. 相似文献
116.
Oliveira Janaína de Moura Madari Beata Emoke Carvalho Márcia Thaís de Melo Assis Paula Camylla Ramos Silveira André Luiz Rodrigues de Leles Lima Mateus Wruck Flávio Jesus Medeiros João Carlos Machado Pedro Luiz Oliveira de Almeida 《Regional Environmental Change》2018,18(1):105-116
Regional Environmental Change - Integrated farming systems (IS) are one of the main strategies of the Brazilian government to reduce or compensate for carbon emissions from agriculture with... 相似文献
117.
118.
Carla Alecrim Colaço Ramos Fernanda Duarte Amaral Ruy Kenji Papa de Kikuchi Eduardo Marocci Chaves Gabriel Rivas de Melo 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2010,162(1-4):95-101
Long-term monitoring program of organisms is the most recommended for understanding changing processes on reefs. The video transect method presents advantages for that. Specialists state that it is important to make sure that the recorded coverage is always the same between campaigns, so that differences in results may be entirely attributed to environmental changes. This study aimed to test the capability of implementing this requirement through tracking simulation and its validity for monitoring the benthic communities of reefs using the video transect method. Ten transects 20 m long were established in Todos os Santos Bay coral reefs. Subsequent to the first transect capture, a second diver repeated the same track, simulating two different monitoring campaigns. Data were transformed and a matrix of similarity was generated using Bray–Curtis’ Index. ANOSIM analysis was performed to test the similarity of the ten transects and its repetitions. The result, R = 0.08 (P = 0.928), shows that reef monitoring using video transect, the way it is described in the literature, is appropriate, but it is important to consider some premises discussed in this work. 相似文献
119.
Josef CF Adriano LR De França EJ Arantes de Carvalho GG Ferreira JR 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2008,152(3):592-596
An analytical procedure for the determination of Hg in otter (Lontra longicaudis) feces was developed, to separate fish scales for the identification of the animal diet. Samples were washed with ultra-pure water and the suspension was sampled and transferred for digestion. The solubilization was performed with nitric-perchloric acid mixture, and detection carried out by the atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS). The quality of the analytical procedure was assessed by analyzing in-house standard solutions and certified reference materials. Total Hg concentrations were in the range of 7.6-156 ng g(-1) (July 2004), 25.6-277 ng g(-1) (January 2005) and 14.6-744 ng g(-1) (May 2005) that is approximately the same order of magnitude for all samples collected in two reservoirs at the Tiete River, Brazil. Although Hg concentrations varied with sampling periods and diet, high levels were correlated to the percentage of carnivorous fish scales present in the otter feces. 相似文献
120.
Honscha Laiz Coutelle Campos Audrey Senandes Tavella Ronan Adler Ramires Paula Florencio Volcão Lisiane Martins Halicki Priscila Cristina Bartolomeu Pech Tatiani Maria Bernardi Eduardo Ramos Daniela Fernandes Niemeyer Júlia Carina Baisch Paulo Roberto Martins Baisch Ana Luíza Muccillo da Silva Júnior Flávio Manoel Rodrigues 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(21):26664-26676
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This study aimed to use bioassays (single and multispecies) with organisms from different trophic levels to assess soil quality in reclaimed coal... 相似文献