Heavy metals, a highly polluting group of constituents known to exert adverse effects, tend to accumulate in living organisms. The objective of this study was to determine the accumulation and translocation of heavy metals in soil and in paddy crop irrigated with lake water compared to soil and paddy crop irrigated with bore-well water. The quantities of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, As, Mn, and Hg) were determined in different parts of rice plants (Oryza sativa). Results revealed that the mean levels of soil Cd, Cr, Pb, Zn, As, Mn, and Hg in experimental soil and in different parts of rice plant (root, straw, and grain) were higher than the control except for Cu. The content of eight toxic metals was significantly higher in root than in aerial parts of the rice (straw and grains). Rice roots were enriched in Cd, As, Hg, and Pb from the soil, while Cr, Cu, Zn, and Mn were hardly taken by the roots. Bioaccumulation factor for Hg was significantly higher than other heavy metals. Metal transfer factors from soil to rice plants were significant for Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, As, Mn, and Hg. The concentrations of metals in lake water were found to be within the permissible limit of Indian standard prescribed by Central Pollution Control Board (2000), except for Hg and As, which were higher than the limit of Indian standard. However, the concentrations of heavy metals in soil and rice grains were still below the maximal levels, as stipulated by Indian Prevention of Food Adulteration Act (PFA, 1954) and World Health Organization (WHO, 1993) guidelines. 相似文献
The objective of the study is to investigate seasonal and spatial variations of PM10 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 10 μm) and TSP (total suspended particulate matter) of
an Indian Metropolis with high pollution and population density from November 2003 to November 2004. Ambient concentration
measurements of PM10 and TSP were carried out at two monitoring sites of an urban region of Kolkata. Monitoring sites have been selected based
on the dominant activities of the area. Meteorological parameters such as wind speed, wind direction, rainfall, temperature
and relative humidity were also collected simultaneously during the sampling period from Indian Meteorological Department,
Kolkata. The 24 h average concentrations of PM10 and TSP were found in the range 68.2–280.6 μg/m3 and 139.3–580.3 μg/m3 for residential (Kasba) area, while 62.4–401.2 μg/m3 and 125.7–732.1 μg/m3 for industrial (Cossipore) area, respectively. Winter concentrations of particulate pollutants were higher than other seasons,
irrespective of the monitoring sites. It indicates a longer residence time of particulates in the atmosphere during winter
due to low winds and low mixing height. Spread of air pollution sources and non-uniform mixing conditions in an urban area
often result in spatial variation of pollutant concentrations. The higher particulate pollution at industrial area may be
attributed due to resuspension of road dust, soil dust, automobile traffic and nearby industrial emissions. Particle size
analysis result shows that PM10 is about 52% of TSP at residential area and 54% at industrial area. 相似文献
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - The amount of ceramic waste being generated is increasing day by day, and ceramic waste management is one of the most challenging issues for many... 相似文献
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The need for power is rising on a daily basis all across the world. Due to the finite supply of fossil fuels, it is critical to develop innovative... 相似文献
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Water is an essential moiety for the human use since a long time. Availability of good-quality water is very essential, as it is used in almost all... 相似文献
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - The pyrolytic fuel generated by high-density polyethylene (HDPE) has the potential to replace fossil fuels as a primary source of energy. Thermal... 相似文献
Environment, Development and Sustainability - Scarcity of natural resources and increasing level of pollution have put the survival of human in trouble. This situation has compelled the world to... 相似文献
Plants need to survive with changing environmental conditions, be it different accessibility to water or nutrients, or attack by insects or pathogens. Few of these changes, especially heavy metal stress, can become more stressful and needed strong countermeasures to ensure survival of plants. Priming, a pre-sowing hydration treatment, involves pre-exposure of plants to an eliciting component which enhance the plant’s tolerance to later stress events. By considering the role of micronutrients in aiding plants to cope up under adverse conditions, this review addresses various aspects of micronutrient seed priming in attenuating heavy metal stress. Priming using micronutrients is an adaptive strategy that boosts the defensive capacity of the plant by accumulating several active or inactive signaling proteins, which hold considerable importance in signal amplification against the triggered stimulus. Priming induced ‘defence memory’ persists in both present generation and its progeny. Therefore, it is considered a promising approach by seed technologist for commercial seed lots to enhance the vigour in terms of seed germination potential, productivity and strengthening resistance response against metalloid stress. The present review provides an overview regarding the potency of priming with micronutrient to ameliorate harmful effects of heavy metal stress, possible mechanism how attenuation is accomplished, role of priming in enhancing crop productivity and inducing defence memory against the metalloid stress stimulus.
Environment, Development and Sustainability - Textile industry, a major trade in most developing countries, generates huge quantities of dye laden wastewater. Azo dyes, which are still used widely... 相似文献
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Groundwater plays a pivotal role in sustaining the water needs of the population of South and Southeast Asia. However, long-term overexploitation and... 相似文献