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471.
北京市民居室内气态多环芳烃呼吸暴露评价 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用被动采样装置采集并测定北京地区38个家庭采暖期和非采暖期室内空气中的7种气态多环芳烃(PAHs)的含量.结果表明,室内气态PAHs以2、3环组分为主,7种气态PAHs的总平均浓度为100 ng/m3左右.根据实测的PAHs浓度、不同年龄段人群室内平均停留时间及其相应的呼吸速率,计算得到室内成年人(包括老人)对7种气态PAHs的潜在总暴露速率在采暖期和非采暖期分别为66 ng/h和58 ng/h;而未成年人的潜在总暴露速率则分别为56 ng/h和50 ng/h. 相似文献
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473.
CUI Huxiong CHENG Tiantao YU Xingn CHEN Jianmin XU Yongfu FANG Wen 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2009,21(8):1103-1107
The variations of sulfate formation and optical coe cients during SO2 heterogeneous reactions on hematite surface under di erent
SO2 concentrations were examined using in situ di use reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) and ion
chromatograph (IC). Laboratory experiments revealed that within ambient SO2 of 0.51–18.6 ppmv, sulfate product, producing velocity,
absorption and backward scattering coe cients showed an increasing trend with SO2 concentration. Under given SO2 concentration,
the velocity of sulfate producing performed an evolution of initial increasing, midterm decreasing and final stabilizing. The reactive
uptake and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) uptake coe cients of heterogeneous reactions rose with SO2 and exhibited high reactivities.
Considering global warming, this result is important for the knowledge of heterogeneous reactions of SO2 on mineral particle surface
in the atmosphere and the assessment of their impacts on radiative forcing. 相似文献
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475.
The experimental study on ozonation of ethylenethiourea(ETU) is conducted.The reaction of gas-phase ETU with 0.63 × 10-6 mol/L ozone is carried out in a 200-L reaction chamber.The secondary organic aerosol(SOA) resulted from the ozonation of gas-phase ETU is observed with a scanning mobility particle size(SMPS).The rapid exponential growth of SOA reveals that the atmospheric lifetime of ETU vapor towards ozone reaction is less than four days.The ozonation of dry ETU particles,ETU-contained water droplets an... 相似文献
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The bio-rack is a new approach for treating low-concentration polluted river water in wetland systems. A comparative study of the efficiency of contaminant removal between four plant species in bio-rack wetlands and between a bio-rack system and control system was conducted on a small-scale (500 mm length × 400 mm width × 400 mm height) to evaluate the decontamination effects of four different wetland plants. There was generally a significant difference in the removal of total nitrogen (TN), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and total phosphorus (TP), but no significant difference in the removal of permanganate index (CODMn) between the bio-rack wetland and control system. Bio-rack wetland planted with Thalia dealbata had higher nutrient removal rates than wetlands planted with other species. Plant fine-root (root diameter ≤ 3 mm) biomass rather than total plant biomass was related to nutrient removal efficiency. The study suggested that the nutrient removal rates are influenced by plant species, and high fine-root biomass is an important factor in selecting highly effective wetland plants for a bio-rack system. According to the mass balance, the TN and TP removal were in the range of 61.03--73.27 g/m2 and 4.14--5.20 g/m2 in four bio-rack wetlands during the whole operational period. The N and P removal by plant uptake constituted 34.9%--43.81% of the mass N removal and 62.05%--74.81% of the mass P removal. The study showed that the nitrification/denitrification process and plant uptake process are major removal pathways for TN, while plant uptake is an effective removal pathway for TP. 相似文献
478.
Air samples were collected simultaneously at platform, mezzanine and outdoor in five typical stations of subway system in Shanghai, China using stainless steel canisters and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass selective detector (GC-MSD) after cryogenic preconcentration. Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX) at the platforms and mezzanines inside the stations averaged (10.3 ± 2.1), (38.7 ± 9.0), (19.4 ± 10.1) and (30.0 ± 11.1) μg/m3, respectively; while trichloroethylene (TrCE), tetrachloroethylene (TeCE) and para-dichlorobenzene (pDCB), vinyl chloride and carbon tetrachloride were the most abundant chlorinated hydrocarbons inside the stations with average levels of (3.6 ± 1.3), (1.3 ± 0.5), (4.1 ± 1.1), (2.2 ± 1.1) and (1.2 ± 0.3) μg/m3, respectively. Mean levels of major aromatic and chlorinated hydrocarbons were higher indoor (platforms and mezzanines) than outdoor with average indoor/outdoor (I/O) ratios of 1.1-9.5, whereas no significant indoor/outdoor differences were found except for benzene and TrCE. The highly significant mutual correlations (p < 0.01) for BTEX between indoor and outdoor and their significant correlation (p < 0.05) with methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), a marker of traffic-related emission without other indoor and outdoor sources, indicated that BTEX were introduced into the subway stations from indoor/outdoor air exchange and traffic emission should be their dominant source. TrCE and pDCB were mainly from indoor emission and TeCE might have both indoor emission sources and contribution from outdoor air, especially in the mezzanines. 相似文献
479.
从污染方面对石油开发项目环境影响评价的重点进行了分析;在环境污染评价方面,阐述了石油企业对地表水、地下水、海域、土壤、大气、固体废弃物和噪声七个方面的污染问题,以及环境影响评价在油田开发项目中的重要性。 相似文献
480.
Li Changlian Ju Liangliang Yang Mei Zhang Qi Sun Shu Cao Jiyu Ding Rui 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(4):5144-5152
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Effects of prenatal ambient air pollution exposure could increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, which have been well documented by various... 相似文献