六六六在饲养鸡体内的残留水平

用气相色谱-电子捕获器法测定了北京郊区某养鸡场不同生长期的饲养鸡的肌肉、表皮、肝脏、胃、心脏以及鸡蛋、饲料和粪便中HCH的残留浓度.分析结果表明,饲养鸡体内肌肉、表皮、肝脏、胃和心脏的∑HCH湿重浓度分别为(0.35±0.37)、(3.91±2.52)、(1.78±1.26)、(1.00±0.85)和(1.35±0.75)ng/g,脂标化浓度分别为(64.3±171)、(19.6±7.33)、(64.9±27.2)、(74.5±74.1)和(17.8±4.42)ng/g,远低于国家<食品中农药残留最大限量>标准.肝脏∑HCH脂标化浓度显著高于其他器官,而未观察到HCH各异构体残留水平在肌肉、表皮、心脏与胃之间具有显著差别.除饲料、胃和粪便内各HCH异构体成分中以δ-HCH为主外,β-HCH是鸡体内与鸡蛋中残留最高的异构体.β-HCH在鸡体内各器官都体现出富集的特性,肝脏对除δ-HCH以外的3种异构体也都体现出显著的富集特性.对成年绿柴鸡(雄)和绿壳蛋鸡(雌)样品中HCHs残留水平的对比分析显示,雄性较雌性具有更强的HCHs富集能力.     

制革废水处理技术研究进展

近年来随着制革工业的发展,制革废水的排放造成了严重的水体污染,同时废水中含有的有毒有害物质对人体健康也产生了极大的威胁,因此,寻求一种高效、经济可行的制革废水处理技术有着重要的意义。由于制革废水成分非常复杂且含有许多有毒物质及高浓度的盐类,使得制革废水的治理异常困难。目前在制革废水治理的研究中取得了许多新的重要进展,通过对各种治理方法的分析提出了制革废水处理的发展方向。     

Effects of aluminum substitution on the surface charge of colloidal goethite particles: experiments and MUSIC modeling

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Proton adsorption behavior on the surface of Al-substituted goethites as a function of pH and ionic strength was investigated and simulated with the...     

Modeling primary and secondary fractionation effects and atmospheric transport of polychlorinated biphenyls through single-source emissions

The Chinese Gridded Industrial Pollutants Emission and Residue Model (ChnGIPERM) was used to investigate potential fractionation effects and atmospheric transport of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) derived from single-source emissions in China. Modeling the indicative PCBs (CB28, CB101, CB153, and CB180) revealed spatiotemporal trends in atmospheric transport, gas/particle partitioning, and primary and secondary fractionation effects. These included the inference that the Westerlies and East Asian monsoons affect atmospheric transport patterns of PCBs by influencing the atmospheric transport time (ATT). In this study, dispersion pathways with long ATTs in winter tended to have short ones in summer and vice versa. The modeled partitioning of PCB congeners between gas and particles was mainly controlled by temperature, which can further influence the ATT. The potential for primary and secondary fractionation was explored by means of numerical simulations with single-source emissions. Within ChnGIPERM, these phenomena were mainly controlled by the temperature and soil organic carbon content. The secondary fractionation of PCBs is a slow process, with model results suggesting a timescale of several decades.

     

The levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in human milk and exposure risk to breastfed infants in petrochemical industrialized Lanzhou Valley,Northwest China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - We investigated in this paper the presence of PAHs in human milk from lactating women residing in Lanzhou, a petrochemical industrialized valley city...     

Physical,chemical and biological process techniques and tools for pollution prevention and sustainability: an introduction

Environmental Science and Pollution Research -     

Weak magnetic field accelerates chromate removal by zero-valent iron

Weak magnetic field(WMF) was employed to improve the removal of Cr(VI) by zero-valent iron(ZVI) for the first time. The removal rate of Cr(VI) was elevated by a factor of 1.12–5.89 due to the application of a WMF, and the WMF-induced improvement was more remarkable at higher Cr(VI) concentration and higher p H. Fe2+was not detected until Cr(VI) was exhausted, and there was a positive correlation between the WMF-induced promotion factor of Cr(VI) removal rate and that of Fe2+release rate in the absence of Cr(VI) at pH 4.0–5.5. These phenomena imply that ZVI corrosion with Fe2+release was the limiting step in the process of Cr(VI) removal. The superimposed WMF had negligible influence on the apparent activation energy of Cr(VI) removal by ZVI, indicating that WMF accelerated Cr(VI)removal by ZVI but did not change the mechanism. The passive layer formed with WMF was much more porous than without WMF, thereby facilitating mass transport. Therefore,WMF could accelerate ZVI corrosion and alleviate the detrimental effects of the passive layer, resulting in more rapid removal of Cr(VI) by ZVI. Exploiting the magnetic memory of ZVI, a two-stage process consisting of a small reactor with WMF for ZVI magnetization and a large reactor for removing contaminants by magnetized ZVI can be employed as a new method of ZVI-mediated remediation.     

Environmental surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater systems and related environments in Wuhan: April to May of 2020

Wastewater-based epidemiology(WBE) has emerged as an effective environmental surveillance tool in monitoring fecal-oral pathogen infections within a community. Congruently, SARS-Co V-2, the etiologic agent of COVID-19, has been demonstrated to infect the gastrointestinal tissues, and be shed in feces. In the present study, SARS-Co V-2 RNA was concentrated from wastewater, sludge, surface water, ground water, sediment, and soil samples of municipal and hospital wastewater systems and related envi...     

西北工业化城镇周边农用土壤PCBs污染来源与人群暴露

采用气相色谱质谱联用仪检测了我国西北干旱地区皋兰县城各区域土壤中18种多氯联苯（PCBs）,并利用主成分分析、多元线性回归分析以及暴露模型对研究区PCBs污染来源、人群暴露和健康风险进行了探究和评价.研究区土壤PCBs浓度为3.675～19.146 ng·g^-1,临近工业园区和城区的农田土壤平均污染程度较高,四氯联苯和五氯联苯在∑₁₈PCBs中占有较高的质量分数.PCBs污染源以含PCBs电器设备回收处置相关的IP-PCBs污染源、燃烧和工业热过程源以及与燃烧相关的污染源为主,燃烧和工业热过程源可能会对研究区PCBs污染具有更大的贡献.研究区各类人群由于PCBs暴露导致的致癌风险较低,非致癌风险也处于可接受水平,但燃烧及工业热过程作为研究区可能的主要PCBs来源,可能会对当地长期居住的人群带来不利影响,需给予重视.