The adsorption affinity of N-doped biochar plays a crucial role in peroxydisulfate activation and bisphenol A oxidative degradation

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Metal-free biochar to activate persulfate and degrade organic contaminants has attracted great attention in advanced oxidation processes, while the...     

连续流动分析用于总磷在线监测的可行性研究

以连续流动-钼酸铵分光光度法为基础,探究连续流动检测流程和蠕动泵泵速,建立总磷连续流动在线监测方法。该方法线性范围为0~2.00 mg/L,方法检出限为0.002 mg/L,方法相对标准偏差RSD为0.4%。将该法应用于实际水样测定,并通过加标回收率对分析结果进行验证,加标回收率为79.7%~109.4%,质控样品测定结果满足生态环境部标准样品研究所的误差允许范围,可用于地表水总磷在线监测。     

浅谈长江中下游地区渔业与水域环境的协调发展

长江中下游地区自然条件优越，淡水资源丰富，过去，现在和将来都是我国重要的渔业基地，但是工业污染和盲目开发渔业已对水环境造成严重危害，降低了水体的多重社会功能，也损害了渔业自身，为了建立可持续发展的健康渔业，必须迅速转变渔业经济增长方式，从粗放型转到集约型和效益型，并按照生态学和经济学原理，运用现代科学技术与管理手段，结合传统渔业的精华，协调发展与环境之间，资源保护与利用之间的关系，形成生态和经济的     

Application of risk based inspection in refinery and processing piping

In refineries and processing plants, the enormous amount of piping is more complex in distribution than other types of equipment. In general, compared with other types of equipment in these industries, more difficulty in inspection planning is encountered.

However, under-inspection or over-inspection can occur due to the lack of jurisdictional requirements on the inspection interval and method for piping, or the inspection interval being based only on piping service classifications in the existing regulations, such as API 570. This can result in unacceptable risks, along with costly loss of resources.

To lessen the piping risk level, more and more companies have adopted and applied risk based inspection (RBI) methodology, leading to risk reduction and cost benefits since the last decade. This study applied RBI methodology to optimize the inspection strategy of the piping in a refinery and petrochemical plants in Taiwan. Two actual case studies were corroborated better with quantitative RBI methodology than without the methodology in terms of risk and cost reductions.     

氰化电镀废液的处理

针对位于城市中心企业搬迁后遗留的氰化电镀废液,提出详细的处置方法、原理和工艺.对CN-平均含量为26.09 g/L和60.32 g/L的氰化镀锌和氰化镀镉废液先稀释到10 g/L以下,采用二级破氰,第一阶段控制pH为11 ～13,m(NaClO)∶m(CN-)=4∶1;第二阶段控制pH为8.0～9.0,m(N.ClO)∶m(CN-)=7.84∶1,并采用简单、便捷和利于现场操作的异烟酸-巴比妥酸和邻联甲苯胺指示剂作为判断投加次氯酸钠的终点,最终检测得CN-为0.280 mg/L,余氯量为0.48 mg/L,出水浓度达到GB21900-2008排放标准,这对工程实际操作具有指导意义.     

基于需求与供给理论的甘肃省人口土地承载力研究

从供给和需求平衡的经济学视角,运用生态能值分析的研究方法,对2006年-2012年甘肃省农业土地人口承载力进行了实证研究.发现中国取消农业税政策提高了农民生产积极性,同时发现近年来甘肃省农业土地能值供给无法满足人口能值需求,但供需差距在缩小,预计未来十数年内随着农业产业化生产及农业科技的提高,甘肃省将实现农业土地产出和人口能值需求的自给自足.     

Hygroscopicity and optical properties of alkylaminium sulfates

The hygroscopicity and optical properties of alkylaminium sulfates （AASs） were investigated using a hygroscopicity tandem differential mobility analyzer coupled to a cavity ring-down spectrometer and a nephelometer. AAS particles do not exhibit a deliquescence phenomenon and show a monotonic increase in diameter as the relative humidity （RH） ascends. Hygroscopic growth factors （GFs） for 40, 100 and 150 nm alkylaminium sulfate particles do not show an apparent Kelvin effect when RH is less than 45%, whereas GFs of the salt aerosols increase with initial particle size when RH is higher than 45%. Calculation using the Zdanovskii-Stokes-Robinson mixing rule suggests that hygroscopic growth of triethylaminium sulfate-ammonium sulfate mixtures is non-deliquescent, occurring at very low RH, implying that the displacement of ammonia by amine will significantly enhance the hygroscopicity of （NH4）2SO4 aerosols. In addition, light extinction of AAS particles is a combined effect of both scattering and absorption under dry conditions, but is dominated by scattering under wet conditions.     

Preface

Anthropogenic emissions impact significantly the atmospheric environment which human being relies on, e.g., global warming, stratospheric ozone depletion, photochemical smog, acid rain, haze and so on. Although clean air actions have been legislated by many nations to mitigate pollutants＇ emission with the aim of protecting the atmospheric environment, serious air pollution events are frequently observed in different regions, especially in developing countries. To best evaluate the effect of various control measures as well as the influence of various pollutants on the atmospheric environment, the levels, sources and sinks of the pollutants are needed to be comprehensively investigated. Since atmospheric environment involves multidisciplinary approach, scientists with different disciplines together can provide profound understandings about the atmospheric environmental problems. Sino-French Workshop on Atmospheric Environment is just one of such platforms to join scientists together for collaboration, exchange of experience and ideas.     

太原市汾河景区浮游藻类细胞密度对氮磷的影响

为了研究太原汾河景区的水质状况并为其水质保护和水华暴发预警及防治提供依据,2012年6月至10月,对该区域8个采样点的浮游藻类细胞密度、氨氮、总氮和总磷及它们之间的关系进行了调查分析。结果表明,多数样点总氮超标,总磷相对稳定,均不超标,氮磷比变化较明显,多数采样点以7月份的细胞密度较高,下游端较上游端浮游藻类生长旺盛,污染情况也较为严重。多数采样点浮游藻类细胞密度与总氮和氮磷比呈负相关,与总磷呈正相关。     

基于事故树分析的脚手架作业安全评价

为实现脚手架作业安全的系统性分析与评价,系统分析脚手架作业事故诱发机制,层层深入细化各影响因素,直至难以再细分的基本事件,确定相互之间的逻辑关系,建立脚手架事故树。在分析最小割集的基础上,采用专家调查法,给出各基本事件发生概率的经验估计,进而确定顶事件概率。在此基础上,通过敏感性分析,揭示基本事件对于顶事件的贡献程度。研究结果表明,脚手架作业事故发生的主要原因包括脚手架上有人、设计不合理、架设错误、材料不合格等,为保障作业安全,尤其需要加强作业人员在脚手架作业中的警惕性,注重脚手架设计理论计算,同时规范脚手架架设程序,选择合乎规格的脚手架材料。