纵向通风下坡度隧道火灾烟气特性数值模拟研究

为探讨纵向通风情况下坡度隧道火灾烟气的温度分布、回流长度等特性参数,运用火灾动力学模拟软件FDS建立一个长为500 m的公路隧道模型,对不同坡度、不同纵向通风速率的20组火灾工况进行模拟研究,通过分析各工况的模拟结果,并结合前人在隧道火灾烟气特性研究方面的成果,得到火灾情况下隧道内烟气的纵向温度分布规律、隧道拱顶温度变化规律、温度偏移及烟气回流长度变化规律等。     

近10 a武汉市城市热岛效应演变及其#br# 与土地利用变化的关系

城市化进程的加快,农村人口大量涌入城市,城市布局及局部气候改变等因素使得城市热岛效应问题日益突出,已成为当前城市环境研究热点之一。以武汉市为例,应用遥感技术与地理信息系统技术,选取2004~2015年5个时相Landsat系列影像数据,利用单窗算法反演地表温度,并以此为基础进行热岛强度分级,获取了近10 a武汉市城市热岛效应变化结果,并分析了武汉市11个辖区城市热岛效应动态变化特征及热岛效应与土地利用变化的关系。研究结果表明：（1）自2007年后,武汉市老城区热岛面积持续减少,而新城区热岛面积则持续增加,呈现出以老城区为中心向新城区扩张的趋势,至2015年,新老城区热岛面积仅相差20.74 km2;（2）东西湖区、蔡甸区、江夏区与洪山区是近些年城市热岛面积增长较为显著的辖区,其中江夏区的热岛面积年际变化最大,最高值达95.42 km2;（3）城市热岛效应与土地利用类型的面积年际平均值拟合关系显示,2004~2015年,城市热岛效应与建筑用地的R2值最大,为0.681 2,建筑用地面积的增加是城市热岛强度面积扩张的重要影响因素。     

Short-term effects and economic burden assessment of ambient air pollution on hospitalizations for schizophrenia

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The evidence on the health and economic impacts of air pollution with schizophrenia is scarce, especially in developing countries. In this...     

Health risk assessment and source apportionment of PM2.5-bound toxic elements in the industrial city of Siheung,Korea

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The emission sources and their health risks of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in Siheung, Republic of Korea, were investigated as a middle-sized...     

Constructing 3D magnetic flower-like Fe3O4@SiO2@Co3O4@BiOCl heterojunction photocatalyst for degrading rhodamine B

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this work, the 3D magnetic flower-like Fe3O4@SiO2@Co3O4@BiOCl heterojunction photocatalyst was successfully prepared. The combination of BiOCl with...     

太阳光/NiFe-Bi-XY异质结催化剂/过一硫酸盐体系对四环素的降解性能及机理

近年来,尖晶石型铁氧体在光催化领域展现出良好的应用前景,但其团聚作用会影响催化效果,构建异质结结构可以有效提高催化效率。通过自组装法合成了一系列Bi₂WO₆/NiFe₂O₄ p-n型异质结催化剂(NiFe-Bi-XY),并将其应用于去除水体中的四环素污染物。在太阳光/NiFe-Bi-73/过一硫酸盐(PMS)体系中,在反应30 min时对20 mg·L⁻¹四环素溶液的去除率可以达到91.1%,矿化率可以达到56.3%,所构建的反应体系在碱性环境中依然保持着对四环素良好的去除效果。通过XPS价带谱、禁带宽度计算、Mott-Schottky和ESR测试证明NiFe-Bi-XY形成了p-n型异质结结构。在所构建的体系中,四环素的降解主要是通过光催化和非光催化降解2种途径共同实现的。淬灭实验结果表明,·O₂⁻和¹O₂是降解四环素的主要活性物种。以上研究结果可为合成高效的二元异质结催化剂,并将其用于环境修复提供参考。     

Effects of acidic attack on chemical,mineralogical, and morphological properties of geomaterials

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Exposure of geomaterials to acidic leachates may compromise their structure and functionality due to changes in physicochemical, mineralogical, and...     

The photocatalytic disinfection of urban waste waters

In this paper we present the results of the photocatalytic disinfection of urban waste water. Two microbial groups, total coliforms and Streptococcus faecalis, have been used as indexes to test disinfection efficiencies. Different experimental parameters have been checked, such as the effect of TiO2, solar or UV-lamp light and pH. Disinfection of water samples has been achieved employing both UV-lamp and solar light in agreement with data shown by other authors. The higher disinfection rates obtained employing an UV-lamp may be explained by the stronger incident light intensity. Nevertheless no consistent differences have been found between TiO2-photocatalysis and direct solar or UV-lamp light irradiation at natural sample pH (7.8). At pH 5 the presence of TiO2 increases the relative inactivation rate compared with the absence of the catalyst. After the photocatalytic bacterial inactivation, the later bacterial reappearance was checked for total coliforms at natural pH and pH 5, with and without TiO2. Two h after the photocatalytic treatment, CFU increment was almost nill. But 24 and 48 h later an important bacterial CFU increment was observed. This CFU increment is slower after irradiation with TiO2 at pH 5 in non-air-purged samples.     

Migration and transformation of heavy metals in hyperaccumulators during the thermal treatment: a review

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The pollution of heavy metals (HMs) in the soil has become one of the important factors affecting the national environment and human health....     

Assessing economic sustainability and ecological efficiency with genuine progress indicator: a case study of the Yangtze River Delta from 2000 to 2018

To achieve urban sustainability, it is critical to enhance the environment, economy, and society simultaneously. This study adopted the revised genuine progress indicator (GPI) and ecological footprint (EF) to evaluate the ecological efficiency and economic sustainability of the Yangtze River Delta from 2000 to 2018. Spatial analysis was utilized to identify spatial autocorrelation. A total of 27 cities were then partitioned through k-means cluster analysis. The results showed that GPI and ecological efficiency improved rapidly, but economic sustainability showed a downward trend. GPI and GDP had a high degree of spatial correlation, especially in Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou Metropolitan Area. However, no spatial correlation existed between GPI and EF. The city with high GEE can reach 3000 $/gha, indicating the city consumed 1 global hectare to create $3000 of genuine economic growth. Shanghai, Hangzhou, and Taizhou were cities with the highest level of economic sustainability and ecological efficiency. The spatiotemporal characteristics of economic sustainability and ecological efficiency revealed in this study will provide theoretical guidance for alleviating ecological pressure and promoting economic sustainable development.