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121.
大型炼锌厂周边土壤及蔬菜的汞污染评价及来源分析 总被引:6,自引:5,他引:1
采集某大型炼锌厂周边的耕种土壤及蔬菜样品,分析其汞含量,并采用单项污染指数法及相关标准对土壤和蔬菜的汞污染状况进行了评价.结果表明,炼锌厂周边的耕种土壤和蔬菜都受到了不同程度的汞污染.土壤样品汞的超标率为78%,其中污染最严重区域土壤中的汞浓度是背景点土壤汞浓度的29倍,已达到重度污染程度.所有蔬菜样品的汞含量超过无公害蔬菜重金属限量指标,最大超标64.5倍,平均超标25.4倍.85%的蔬菜样品叶片中汞含量明显高于根部汞含量,说明叶片中的汞主要来自于大气;蔬菜根部汞含量与土壤汞含量明显线性相关,说明根部的汞主要来自于土壤.炼锌厂汞排放对其周边土壤和蔬菜的汞污染均有显著的影响. 相似文献
122.
镉是一种对人类和动物健康危害严重的重金属。土壤镉污染问题已经成为全球研究热点。重点分析了镉污染土壤中镉的来源,镉对动植物、人体的危害,并提出了对镉污染土壤的修复的方法。 相似文献
123.
The adsorption behavior of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole onto organo-bentonite was investigated.Natural bentonite from Gaozhou in Guangdong Province,China was collected.Organo-bentonite was prepared by intercalation of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide into the natural bentonite.The physicochemical properties of the prepared organo-bentonite were characterized by X-ray diffraction,N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The results showed that montmorillonite is the main component of the natural bentonite.The basal spacing of the natural bentonite is 1.47 nm,which increased to 1.98 nm on intercalation with cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide.Moreover,both the surface area and pore volume increased with intercalation.Clear CH2 stretching(3000-2800 cm-1) and scissoring(1480-1450 cm-1) modes of the intercalated surfactants were observed for organobentonite.Compared with the pseudo first-order kinetic model,the pseudo second-order kinetic model is more suitable to describe the adsorption kinetics of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole onto organo-bentonite.The adsorption capacity of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole onto organo-bentonite increased with increasing initial concentration of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole,but decreased with increasing adsorbent dosage.The adsorption isotherm of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole onto organo-bentonite fits well with the Langmuir model.The maximum adsorption capacity of organo-bentonite for 2-mercaptobenzothiazole was 33.61 mg/g,indicating that organo-bentonite is a promising adsorbent for 2-mercaptobenzothiazole. 相似文献
124.
Supercritical water oxidation of polyvinyl alcohol and desizing wastewater:Influence of NaOH on the organic decomposition 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jie Zhang Shuzhong Wang Yang Guo Donghai Xu Yanmeng Gong Xingying Tang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2013,25(8):1583-1591
Polyvinyl alcohol is a refractory compound widely used in industry. Here we report supercritical water oxidation of polyvinyl alcohol solution and desizing wastewater with and without sodium hydroxide addition. However, it is difficult to implement complete degradation of organics even though polyvinyl alcohol can readily crack under supercritical water treatment. Sodium hydroxide had a significant catalytic effect during the supercritical water oxidation of polyvinyl alcohol. It appears that the OH ion participated in the C-C bond cleavage of polyvinyl alcohol molecules, the CO2-capture reaction and the neutralization of intermediate organic acids, promoting the overall reactions moving in the forward direction. Acetaldehyde was a typical intermediate product during reaction. For supercritical water oxidation of desizing wastewater, a high destruction rate (98.25%) based on total organic carbon was achieved. In addition, cases where initial wastewater was alkaline were favorable for supercritical water oxidation treatment, but salt precipitation and blockage issues arising during the process need to be taken into account seriously. 相似文献
125.
Photocatalytic degradation of carbofuran in TiO2 aqueous solution:Kinetics using design of experiments and mechanism by HPLC/MS/MS 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The photocatalytic degradation kinetics of carbofuran was optimized by central composite design based on response surface methodology for the first time. Three variables, TiO2 concentration, initial pH value and the concentration of carbofuran, were selected to determine the dependence of degradation efficiencies on independent variables. Response surface methodology modeling results indicated that the degradation efficiency of carbofuran was highly affected by the initial pH value and the concentration of carbofuran. Then nine degradation intermediates were detected by HPLC/MS/MS. The Frontier Electron Densities of carbofuran were calculated to predict the active sites on carbofuran attacked by hydroxyl radicals and photoholes. Point charges were used to elucidate the chemisorption pattern on TiO2 catalysts during the photocatalytic process. By combining the experimental results and calculation data, the photocatalytic degradation pathways of carbofuran were proposed, including the addition of hydroxyl radicals and the cleavage of the carbamate side chain. 相似文献
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128.
分析了ABS树脂生产装置丁二烯缓冲罐中丁二烯自聚物的生成原因,提出了预防措施,避免丁二烯自聚物的生成,保证装置的安全平稳运行。 相似文献
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130.
加大对重点项目和民生项目建设的环境管理,充分发挥环评在产业结构调整、工业布局优化中的重要作用,是政府和环保部门当前必须认真对待的首要问题。 相似文献