Predatory spider mimics acquire colony-specific cuticular hydrocarbons from their ant model prey

The integrity of social insect colonies is maintained by members recognising and responding to the chemical cues present on the cuticle of any intruder. Nevertheless, myrmecophiles use chemical mimicry to gain access to these nests, and their mimetic signals may be acquired through biosynthesis or through contact with the hosts or their nest material. The cuticular hydrocarbon profile of the myrmecophilous salticid spider Cosmophasis bitaeniata closely resembles that of its host ant Oecophylla smaragdina. Here, we show that the chemical resemblance of the spider does not arise through physical contact with the adult ants, but instead the spider acquires the cuticular hydrocarbons by eating the ant larvae. More significantly, we show that the variation in the cuticular hydrocarbon profiles of the spider depends upon the colony of origin of the ant larvae prey, rather than the parentage of the spider.     

经济全球化背景下中国环境问题及应对策略

文章从经济全球化的定义出发,论述了全球化使中国环境问题变成了世界的环境问题,因为中国的环境问题是由世界造成的,同时中国的环境问题也影响到世界.要从根本上解决中国环境问题,必须树立科学发展观,促进创新型国家的建设,重视对外贸易中的环境问题,严防国外环境污染向国内转移.     

淮河流域多闸坝河流COD综合衰减系数测算

提出在多闸坝河流上，利用枯水期断面化学需氧量同步监测数据测算COD综合衰减系数的方法，用该方法测算河南省辖河流域部分河流COD综合减系数在0．08－0．341/d。并用实际监测结果进行检验。     

STC脉冲喷吹袋式除尘器在机立窑烟气除尘脱硫中的应用

介绍了STC脉冲喷吹袋式除尘器的自动控温、外滤除尘、自控离线脉冲喷吹清灰的工作原理和特点 ,监测数据说明该除尘器成功解决了机立窑消烟、除尘和脱硫问题     

浅谈海上油井安全阀及其控制系统技术的应用

针对实际生产条件，为全面推行海上安全环保、节能与清洁生产，在油井上安装了太阳能安全阀控制系统，对油井生产与安全管理起着重要的作用。     

焦作煤矿区浅层地下水污染成因及特征研究

研究了焦作煤矿区的浅层地下水污染动态，分析了焦作市的地下水污染状况，找出了地下水污染的四条途径，讨论了浅层孔隙地下水污染的主要原因是矿坑排水形成水位降落漏斗、污水灌溉及河渠渗流等，研究了地下水污染的空间分布特征和规律。     

携手并进共建人类美好家园--访国家环保总局局长解振华

“未来二十年，中国将实现全面建设小康社会的奋斗目标，环境保护大有可为！”新当选为十六大中央委员的国家环保总局局长解振华先生豪情满怀，“全面建设小康社会，除了有经济、政治、文化方面的明确要求外，还专门提出了环境保护和可持续发展方面的要求。这就是：在未来二十年里，可持续发展能力不断加强，生态环境得到改善。”     

Landmark memories are more robust when acquired at the nest site than en route: experiments in desert ants

Foraging desert ants, Cataglyphis fortis, encounter different sequences of visual landmarks while navigating by path integration. This paper explores the question whether the storage of landmark information depends on the context in which the landmarks are learned during an ant's foraging journey. Two experimental set-ups were designed in which the ants experienced an artificial landmark panorama that was placed either around the nest entrance (nest marks) or along the vector route leading straight towards the feeder (route marks). The two training paradigms resulted in pronounced differences in the storage characteristics of the acquired landmark information: memory traces of nest marks were much more robust against extinction and/or suppression than those of route marks. In functional terms, this result is in accord with the observation that desert ants encounter new route marks during every foraging run but always pass the same landmarks when approaching the nest entrance.     

Inter and intra-population variation in shoaling and boldness in the zebrafish (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Danio rerio</Emphasis>)

Population differences in anti-predator behaviour have been demonstrated in several species, although less is known about the genetic basis of these traits. To determine the extent of genetic differences in boldness (defined as exploration of a novel object) and shoaling within and between zebrafish (Danio rerio) populations, and to examine the genetic basis of shoaling behaviour in general, we carried out a study that involved laboratory-raised fish derived from four wild-caught populations. Controlling for differences in rearing environment, significant inter-population differences were found in boldness but not shoaling. A larger shoaling experiment was also performed using one of the populations as the basis of a North Carolina type II breeding design (174 fish in total) to estimate heritability of shoaling tendency. A narrow-sense heritability estimate of 0.40 was obtained, with no apparent dominance effects.