Relevance of mangroves for the production and deposition of organic matter along tropical continental margins

Mangroves are highly complex ecosystems occupying a major part of tropical coastlines. High primary productivity, efficient biological nutrient recyling and a permanent exchange with terrestrial and marine ecosystems are their common features. Despite the high production and export rates of leaf litter, mangrove detritus has been reported to be of minor importance in sustaining marine food webs. The geographical distribution of mangrove-derived organic matter (OM) in marine sediments is found to be restricted to the vicinity of its source. Dissolved nutrient inputs from mangroves and rivers may fuel the production of marine OM. In this paper we assess the relevance of mangroves for the production and sedimentation of OM in the tropical coastal ocean based on data available from the literature and our own research results. We estimate the rates of carbon accumulation in mangrove sediments and of carbon export to the coastal seas. From the rates of litter fall and export we calculate carbon accumulating in mangrove sediments to be in the order of 23᎒¹² g C per year and mangrove carbon introduced into the coastal ocean to be in the order of 46᎒¹² g C per year. They account for about 11% of the total input of terrestrial carbon into the ocean and 15% of the total carbon accumulating in modern marine sediments.     

Chorionic villus sampling: Improved method for preparation of karyotypes after short-term incubation

A method for the isolation and trypsin-Giemsa banding of metaphases obtained after short-term incubation (48 h) of cytotrophoblast cells from chorionic villus sample is described. A new slide-making instrument, developed expressly to enhance the spreading of chromosomes from metaphases released from small tissue pieces, is responsible for the increase yield of analysable metaphases in this protocol.