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241.
An ecotoxicological screening of environmental samples collected in the vicinity of rice fields followed a combination of physical and chemical measurements and chronic bioassays with two freshwater trophic levels (microalgae: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and Chlorella vulgaris; daphnids: Daphnia longispina and Daphnia magna). As so, water and sediment/soil elutriate samples were obtained from three sites: (1) in a canal reach crossing a protected wetland upstream, (2) in a canal reach surrounded by rice fields and (3) in a rice paddy. The sampling was performed before and during the rice culture. During the rice cropping, the whole system quality decreased comparatively to the situation before that period (e.g. nutrient overload, the presence of pesticides in elutriates from sites L2 and L3). This was reinforced by a significant inhibition of both microalgae growth, especially under elutriates. Contrary, the life-history traits of daphnids were significantly stimulated with increasing concentrations of water and elutriates, for both sampling periods. 相似文献
242.
Rodrigues Mesquita Tayane Cristiele Pereira Rosa André de Oliveira Santos Thales Felício Carraro Borges Alisson Calijuri Maria Lúcia de Paula Souza Francianny Maria 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(36):50001-50016
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - To investigate the feasibility of implementing decentralized sewage treatment systems aiming to meet environmental standards, the performance of three... 相似文献
243.
Romanelli João Paulo Gonçalves Maria Carolina Pereira de Abreu Pestana Luís Fernando Soares Jéssica Akemi Hitaka Boschi Raquel Stucchi Andrade Daniel Fernandes 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(43):60448-60458
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The evidence base in environmental sciences is increasing steadily. Environmental researchers have been challenged to handle massive volumes of data... 相似文献
244.
An intertidal population of the fissiparous sea star Coscinasterias tenuispina (Lamarck, 1816) was sampled over a 1 year period at Ponta de Itaipu, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro. Gonadal indices revealed an annual reproductive cycle. Spawning occurred in the late winter and early spring between August and November. Pyloric caecal indices did not show a clear annual cycle or a reciprocal relationship with gonadal indices. The population appears to be sustained only by fission, as only males were found. Fission occurred throughout the year, but was most frequent in the winter (July, August and September). Incidence of fission was correlated with the occurrence of the extremely low tides during daytime that exposes many specimens to air. Austral winter tides are low by day and high by night, while the austral summer tides are low by night and high by day. The most extreme annual deviation in seawater temperature is about 5°C. Larval recruitment seems to be negligible, since very small individuals were not found. 相似文献
245.
246.
Tony Smith 《Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics》1995,8(2):157-158
Our massive tampering with the world's interdependent web of life-coupled with the environmental damage inflicted by deforestation, species loss, and climate change-could trigger widespread adverse effects, including unpredictable collapses of critical biological systems whose interactions and dynamics we only imperfectly understand. Uncertainty over the extent of these effects cannot excuse complacency or delay in facing the threats ... We the undersigned, senior members of the world's scientific community, hereby warn all humanity of what lies ahead. A great change in our stewardship of the earth and the life on it is required, if vast human misery is to be avoided and our global home on this planet is not to be irretrievably mutilated. (Union of Concerned Scientists, 1992) 相似文献
247.
Pereira Diogo Rocha Luciana S. Gil María V. Otero Marta Silva Nuno J. O. Esteves Valdemar I. Calisto Vânia 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(15):18314-18327
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The main goal of this work was to produce an easily recoverable waste-based magnetic activated carbon (MAC) for an efficient removal of the... 相似文献
248.
Virginie Marques Paul Castagné Andréa Polanco Fernández Giomar Helena Borrero-Pérez Régis Hocdé Pierre-Édouard Guérin Jean-Baptiste Juhel Laure Velez Nicolas Loiseau Tom Bech Letessier Sandra Bessudo Alice Valentini Tony Dejean David Mouillot Loïc Pellissier Sébastien Villéger 《Conservation biology》2021,35(6):1944-1956
Assessing the impact of global changes and protection effectiveness is a key step in monitoring marine fishes. Most traditional census methods are demanding or destructive. Nondisturbing and nonlethal approaches based on video and environmental DNA are alternatives to underwater visual census or fishing. However, their ability to detect multiple biodiversity factors beyond traditional taxonomic diversity is still unknown. For bony fishes and elasmobranchs, we compared the performance of eDNA metabarcoding and long-term remote video to assess species’ phylogenetic and functional diversity. We used 10 eDNA samples from 30 L of water each and 25 hr of underwater videos over 4 days on Malpelo Island (pacific coast of Colombia), a remote marine protected area. Metabarcoding of eDNA detected 66% more molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs) than species on video. We found 66 and 43 functional entities with a single eDNA marker and videos, respectively, and higher functional richness for eDNA than videos. Despite gaps in genetic reference databases, eDNA also detected a higher fish phylogenetic diversity than videos; accumulation curves showed how 1 eDNA transect detected as much phylogenetic diversity as 25 hr of video. Environmental DNA metabarcoding can be used to affordably, efficiently, and accurately census biodiversity factors in marine systems. Although taxonomic assignments are still limited by species coverage in genetic reference databases, use of MOTUs highlights the potential of eDNA metabarcoding once reference databases have expanded. 相似文献
249.
250.
Tiago José Pereira Gustavo Fonseca Manuel Mundo-Ocampo Betânia Cristina Guilherme Axayácatl Rocha-Olivares 《Marine Biology》2010,157(8):1665-1678
We used morphological and molecular approaches to evaluate the diversity of free-living marine nematodes (order Enoplida)
at four coastal sites in the Gulf of California and three on the Pacific coast of Baja California, Mexico. We identified 22
morphological species belonging to six families, of which Thoracostomopsidae and Oncholaimidae were the most diverse. The
genus Mesacanthion (Thoracostomopsidae) was the most widespread and diverse. Five allopatric species, genetically and morphologically differentiated,
were found in two localities in the Gulf of California (M. sp1 and M. sp2) and three in the Pacific coast (M. sp3, M. sp4 and M. sp5). Overall, we produced 19 and 20 sequences for the 18S and 28S genes, respectively. Neither gene displayed intraspecific
polymorphisms, which allowed us to establish that some morphological variation was likely either ontogenetic or due to phenotypic
plasticity. Although 18S and 28S phylogenies were topologically congruent (incongruence length difference test, P > 0.05), divergences between species were much higher in the 28S gene. Moreover, this gene possessed a stronger phylogenetic
signal to resolve relationships involving Rhabdodemania and Bathylaimus. On the other hand, the close relationship of Pareurystomina (Enchilidiidae) with oncholaimids warrants further study. The 28S sequences (D2D3 domain) may be better suited for DNA barcoding
of marine nematodes than those from the 18S rDNA, particularly for differentiating closely related or cryptic species. Finally,
our results underline the relevance of adopting an integrative approach encompassing morphological and molecular analyses
to improve the assessment of marine nematode diversity and advance their taxonomy. 相似文献