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301.
Cheuk W Lo KV Branion RM Fraser B 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2003,38(6):855-863
This study investigated the benefits of an on-site sustainable solid waste treatment and utilization system for the greenhouse industry. The composts made from greenhouse wastes were tested and found to contain high nutrient values and good physical properties, and could be used as high quality growing media. The finished composts were tested in a greenhouse against the conventional growth media (sawdust) and resulted in a 10% yield increase by using the compost. An economic analysis was conducted to show the economic benefits of on-site composting for a greenhouse operation. Based on a four-hectare tomato or pepper greenhouse, and amortizing the capital equipment over five years, the net annual cost of composting represents a savings of dollars 8,000 annually. 相似文献
302.
Victor F. Weisskopf 《Die Naturwissenschaften》1985,72(12):648-653
303.
Concentrations of silver, cadmium, chromium, iron, manganese, nickel, lead, vanadium, and zinc were determined in dust fallout samples from eight inland locations in Kuwait. Results were used to calculate enrichment factors for metals relative to their abundance in the continental crust using Fe as the conservative element. Five metals (Cu, Cr, Mn, Ni, and V) showed enrichment factors that were approximately unity (1.3–4.7). Higher enrichment factors for the rest (24–421) suggested an anthropogenic contribution for Ag, Cd, Pb, and Zn. However, all metals in dust fallout (except Pb and Zn) showed a degree of enrichment relative to unpolluted marine sediments that was approximately unity, suggesting a substantial aeolian contribution to trace metals in marine surface sediments. Higher enrichments for Pb and Zn probably reflect a larger input from local pollution sources. This is particularly true for lead, the enrichment of which showed a stronger association with the distribution of urban population. Probable contributions of aeolian transport to a band of elevated lead concentrations in marine surface sediments are discussed. 相似文献
304.
Calculation of clothing insulation by serial and parallel methods: effects on clothing choice by IREQ and thermal responses in the cold. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kalev Kuklane Chuansi Gao Ingvar Holmér Lina Giedraityte Peter Br?de Victor Candas Emiel den Hartog Harriet Meinander Mark Richards George Havenith 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2007,13(2):103-116
Cold protective clothing was studied in 2 European Union projects. The objectives were (a) to examine different insulation calculation methods as measured on a manikin (serial or parallel), for the prediction of cold stress (IREQ); (b) to consider the effects of cold protective clothing on metabolic rate; (c) to evaluate the movement and wind correction of clothing insulation values. Tests were carried out on 8 subjects. The results showed the possibility of incorporating the effect of increases in metabolic rate values due to thick cold protective clothing into the IREQ model. Using the higher thermal insulation value from the serial method in the IREQ prediction, would lead to unacceptable cooling of the users. Thus, only the parallel insulation calculation method in EN 342:2004 should be used. The wind and motion correction equation (No. 2) gave realistic values for total resultant insulation; dynamic testing according to EN 342:2004 may be omitted. 相似文献
305.
Genwen Zhou J. L. Willett Craig J. Carriere Y. Victor Wu 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2000,8(3):145-150
The effect of starch granule size on the viscosity of starch-filled poly(hydroxy ester ether) (PHEE) composites was characterized using size-fractionated potato starch, as well as unfractionated starches (rice, corn, wheat, and potato). Potato starch was separated using an air classifier into four particle size fractions: <18 m, 18-24 m, 24-30 m, and >30 m. The starch was dried to a moisture content of 0.5% to minimize moisture effects on composite rheology. PHEE and potato starch were extruded with starch volume fractions of 0.46 and 0.66. Stress relaxation, frequency and strain sweep, and temperature-dependence measurements were carried out. Although small variations in viscosity were seen with the different potato starch fractions, differences were not significant at a volume fraction of 0.46. Viscosity differences between the different particle size fractions were more pronounced at a volume fraction of 0.66. The temperature dependence could be described by an Arrhenius relation, with an apparent activation energy of 84 kJ/mole. At a volume fraction of 0.46, the starch/PHEE viscosities increased in the order potato starch < wheat starch corn starch < rice starch. 相似文献
306.
Contributions of biofilm and suspended sludge to nitrogen transformation and
nitrous oxide emission in hybrid sequencing batch system 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Ingwei Wayne Lo Kwang Victor Lo Don S Mavini Dean Shiskowski William Ramey 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2010,22(7):953-960
Hybrid system combines the nature of suspended growth and attached growth has been widely applied to wastewater treatment.
In this research, the contributions to N transformation and N2O emission by biofilm and suspended sludge in the hybrid sequencingbatch
reactor for a simultaneous nitrification, denitrification and phosphorus removal process were investigated. For the hybrid system,
nitrification occurred mostly in the suspended sludge, while the biofilm played the major role in denitrification. The interaction of
the biofilm and the suspended sludge in the same reactor resulted in a better overall nitrogen removal performance with simultaneous
nitrification and denitrification. However, N2O emission was the main end product of nitrogen removal for the hybrid system; while
it was N2 for the biofilm. The relative low N2O emissions from the pure biofilm and the pure suspended sludge corresponded to the
relatively high nitrate at the end of the aeration period compared with the hybrid system. 相似文献
307.
In anaerobic digestion, the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) can be beneficial or harmful to the overall process, depending on the concentration of accumulated acids. Therefore, the accurate determination of the SCFA concentration in both fresh and stored sludge hydrolysates is important. To select a suitable method for monitoring SCFAs during the anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge, the accuracy of three available analytical methods, including 5 pH point acid titration (TITRA5), gas chromatography (GC), and spectrophotometry, were compared in the present study. The results revealed that TITRA5 and GC displayed better agreement in the achieved measurements and higher precision and accuracy than the spectrophotometric assay, as supported by the application of different statistical models. TITRA5 excelled in titrating unfiltered hydrolysate while simultaneously measuring the alkalinity, whereas the GC method provided detailed information on the contribution of different fatty acids to the total acidity. In contrast, the spectrophotometric assay suffered from many forms of interference, depending on the sample's matrix. SCFA production followed the pattern of enzymatic reactions and fitted the Michaelis-Menten model. In addition to promoting TITRA5 as an accurate and robust analytical tool for routine SCFA analyses, this comparative study also demonstrated the possibility of storing hydrolysate samples at different temperatures and durations without altering the SCFA measurements. 相似文献
308.
Daniel-Mkpume Cynthia Chikodi Ahaiwe Rachel Chinwendu Ifenatuorah Chigozie Lucas Ike-Eze Ikechukwu Christian Ezema Aigbodion Victor Sunday Egoigwe Sochima Vincent Okonkwo Emenike George 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2022,24(2):680-691
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - This study contributes towards showing the potential end-of-life application of common wastes namely: Waste Toner powder (WTP) and African star... 相似文献
309.
García-Barrera Luisa V. Ortega-Solís Dafne L. Soriano-Giles Gabriela Lopez Nazario Romero-Romero Fernando Reinheimer Eric Varela-Guerrero Victor Ballesteros-Rivas María F. 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2022,30(9):3832-3839
Journal of Polymers and the Environment - The objective of this research is to provide a new recycling method for one of the most consumed plastics today, since it is used for the manufacture of a... 相似文献
310.