Different sources of rural household energy consumption and influencing factors in Dazu,China

Rural household energy consumption is an important component of national energy consumption. This paper explores the rural household energy consumption status and influencing factors on different sources of rural household energy consumption in western China. Using data from a survey of 240 households conducted in 2017, this study finds that rural households’ energy consumption structure in the study area is a combination of traditional biomass energy and commercial energy sources. Fuelwood is the most commonly used fuel in the study area, while modern energy sources only occupy a low proportion. Rural household energy consumption is influenced by various factors. Individual perceptions of climate change, social trust and networks, and households’ socio-economic and demographic factors (gender, age, education, income per capita, household size, household location, and number of household appliances) are identified as having significant effects on rural households’ consumption of biomass and commercial energies. The research results provide implications for policy makers to formulate related rural energy policies to improve the rural energy consumption structure and future energy policy design in China and other developing countries.

     

Dynamic water quality evaluation based on fuzzy matter–element model and functional data analysis,a case study in Poyang Lake

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Comprehensively evaluating water quality with a single method alone is challenging because water quality evaluation involves complex, uncertain, and...     

基于数据非依赖型采集质谱技术的血液脂质分子高通量分析

脂质是生物体的重要代谢分子,参与重要的细胞生物功能,已有报道表明环境中污染物会干扰生物体正常循环及代谢机制,导致脂肪代谢紊乱。基于数据非依赖型(DIA)采集质谱技术,通过优化UPLC-QTOF MS(超高效液相色谱飞行时间质谱联用)液相分离方法,开发了少量人体血液样品中脂质代谢分子的高通量分析方法,并将其应用于57个普通人群的血液样品分析,在10μL人体血液样品中检出2 598个信号,经脂代组学质谱库匹配解析鉴定出八大类1 780个脂质分子,其中分子数目占比最大的脂质为甘油磷脂类(37%),其次依次为脂肪酸类(23%)、固醇脂类(13%)、甘油脂类(10%)、鞘脂类(9.0%)、孕烯醇酮脂类(4.8%)。上述研究建立的脂质分子高通量分析方法为以脂质代谢为毒性终点的污染物毒性筛查和毒理机制研究提供方法学基础。     

Interaction of As and Sb in the hyperaccumulator <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pteris vittata</Emphasis> L.: changes in As and Sb speciation by XANES

Arsenic (As) and antimony (Sb) are chemical analogs that display similar characteristics in the environment. The As hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata L. is a potential As–Sb co-accumulating species. However, when this plant is exposed to different As and Sb speciation, the associated accumulating mechanisms and subsequent assimilation processes of As and Sb remain unclear. A 2-week hydroponic experiment was conducted by exposing P. vittata to single AsIII, AsV, SbIII, and SbV or the co-existence of AsIII and SbIII and AsV and SbV. P. vittata could co-accumulate As and Sb in the pinna (>1000 mg kg^?1) with high translocation (>1) of As and Sb from the root to the pinna. P. vittata displayed apparent preference to the trivalent speciation of As and Sb than to the pentavalent speciation. Under the single exposure of AsIII or SbIII, the pinna concentration of As and Sb was 84 and 765 % higher than that under the single exposure of AsV or SbV, respectively. Despite the provided As speciation, the main speciation of As in the root was AsV, whereas the main speciation of As in the pinna was AsIII. The Sb in the roots comprised SbV and SbIII when exposed to SbV but was exclusively SbIII when exposed to SbIII. The Sb in the pinna was a mixture of SbV and SbIII regardless of the provided Sb speciation. Compared with the single exposure of As, the co-existence of As and Sb increased the As concentration in the pinna of P. vittata by 50–66 %, accompanied by a significant increase in the AsIII percentage in the root. Compared with the single exposure of Sb, the co-existence of Sb and As also increased the Sb concentration in the pinna by 51–100 %, but no significant change in Sb speciation was found in P. vittata.     

洪涝灾情评估标准关键技术问题的探讨

开展洪涝灾情评估工作对于各级防汛主管部门制定应对措施,提高洪涝灾害管理效率具有重要的现实意义。为了规范洪涝灾情评估,国家防汛抗旱总指挥部办公室启动了水利行业标准《洪涝灾情评估标准》的编制工作。对《洪涝灾情评估标准》的编制背景和编制过程中评估实施主体、评估资料来源、评估指标选取、评估指标阈值区间确定、灾害级别确定、评估模型确定等关键技术问题进行了探讨,可为下一阶段标准编制工作提供技术支撑。     

创新环评实践,构建河北省环境影响评价四大体系

以科学发展为主题,围绕加快发展、加速转型两大任务,本文就如何发挥环评"控制闸"、"调节阀"、"助推器"三大作用,有针对性地提出了建设环评管理、环评审核、环评监管及环评技术支撑四大体系的建议。     

排污权交易基准价定价机制探讨

构建科学合理的基准价定价机制是推动排污权交易的基础性工作,本文以政策、管理、技术三个方面作为立足点,探讨了基准价定价机制,构建了工作框架。研究认为现阶段基准价定价采取成本定价法是合适的,并对基准价定价技术难点进行了剖析,提出了建议。     

排污权交易指标关联要素探讨

目前,排污权有偿使用和交易作为各地环保工作体制、机制创新的热点,是利用经济手段促进环境保护的有益尝试。本文从指标来源、指标使用期限、与污染减排的关系、技术支撑以及指标交易后续监管五个方面分析了排污权交易指标关联要素,得出交易指标与国家政策、污染减排以及环境监管密切相关的结论,从完善国家政策、强化与污染减排衔接和突出指标后续监管三个方面提出了相应的对策建议。     

废水生物处理领域中胞外聚合物的研究进展

胞外聚合物(EPS)是活性污泥的主要组成部分,可影响污泥的表面特性(污泥混合液疏水性和Zeta电位等)、生物絮凝、沉降及脱水等性能.就近年来国内外对EPS空间结构、组成成分、物理化学性质等方面的研究进行了归纳,并结合相关学者的研究成果,综述了EPS在生物膜形成、污泥颗粒化、重金属吸附、生物除磷、膜污染等废水生物处理领域中的研究进展.     

牛仔布加工厂印染污泥制备吸附剂的实验研究

基于牛仔布加工印染污泥主要由纤维和浮石组成的特征,研究了以其为原料制备吸附剂的工艺方法,探讨了活化时间等因素对制备吸附剂性能的影响规律。 采用氯化锌（ZnCl₂）化学活化法,在合适工艺条件下,即ZnCl₂浓度35％,浸渍固液比为1∶2,程序升温、热解活化温度500℃,恒温60 min,制备的印染污泥吸附剂收率为73.4％,吸碘值达到630.46 mg/g,对含COD 815 mg/L,色度530倍的印染废水,采用该吸附剂,COD去除率为76.3％,脱色率99.5％,优于商品活性炭的性能。