全文获取类型
收费全文 | 289篇 |
免费 | 12篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 14篇 |
废物处理 | 5篇 |
环保管理 | 52篇 |
综合类 | 30篇 |
基础理论 | 65篇 |
污染及防治 | 114篇 |
评价与监测 | 14篇 |
社会与环境 | 8篇 |
灾害及防治 | 1篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 3篇 |
2022年 | 4篇 |
2021年 | 4篇 |
2020年 | 2篇 |
2019年 | 8篇 |
2018年 | 13篇 |
2017年 | 5篇 |
2016年 | 8篇 |
2015年 | 5篇 |
2014年 | 1篇 |
2013年 | 40篇 |
2012年 | 10篇 |
2011年 | 17篇 |
2010年 | 10篇 |
2009年 | 16篇 |
2008年 | 8篇 |
2007年 | 14篇 |
2006年 | 15篇 |
2005年 | 13篇 |
2004年 | 7篇 |
2003年 | 11篇 |
2002年 | 19篇 |
2001年 | 18篇 |
2000年 | 6篇 |
1999年 | 1篇 |
1998年 | 2篇 |
1997年 | 1篇 |
1996年 | 2篇 |
1995年 | 4篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1993年 | 5篇 |
1991年 | 2篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
1967年 | 1篇 |
1964年 | 1篇 |
1954年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有303条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
241.
Judith C. Chow John G. Watson Douglas H. Lowenthal Karen L. Magliano 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(8):1158-1168
Abstract Evaporative loss of particulate matter (with aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm, [PM2.5]) ammonium nitrate from quartz-fiber filters during aerosol sampling was evaluated from December 3, 1999, through February 3, 2001, at two urban (Fresno and Bakersfield) and three nonurban (Bethel Island, Sierra Nevada Foothills, and Angiola) sites in central California. Compared with total particulate nitrate, evaporative nitrate losses ranged from <10% during cold months to >80% during warm months. In agreement with theory, evaporative loss from quartz-fiber filters in nitric acid denuded samplers is controlled by the ambient nitric acid-to-particulate nitrate ratio, which is determined mainly by ambient temperature. Accurate estimation of nitrate volatilization requires a detailed thermodynamic model and comprehensive chemical measurements. For the 14-month average of PM2.5 acquired on Teflon-membrane filters, measured PM2.5 mass was 8–16% lower than actual PM2.5 mass owing to nitrate volatilization. For 24-hr samples, measured PM2.5 was as much as 32–44% lower than actual PM2.5 at three California Central Valley locations. 相似文献
242.
Raed Labban John M. Veranth John G. Watson Judith C. Chow 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(9):1230-1242
Abstract This study tested the feasibility of using pyrolysis (Py)-gas chromatography (GC)/mass spectrometry (MS) to obtain organic chemical species data suitable for source apportionment modeling of soil-derived coarse particulate matter (PM10) dust on ambient filters. A laboratory resuspension apparatus was used with known soils to generate simulated receptor filter samples loaded with ~0.4 mg of PM10 dust, which is within the range of mass loading on ambient filters. Py-GC/MS at 740 °C generated five times more resolvable compounds than were obtained with thermal desorption GC/MS at 315 °C. The identified compounds were consistent with literature from Py experiments using larger samples of bulk soils. A subset of 91 organic species out of the 178 identified Py products was used as input to CMB8 software in a demonstration of source apportionment using laboratory-generated mixtures simulating ambient filter samples. The 178 quantified organic species obtained by Py of soil samples is an improvement compared with the 38 organic species obtained by thermal desorption of soils and the four functionally defined organic fractions reported by thermal/optical reflectance. Significant differences in the concentration of specific species were seen between samples from different sites, both geographically distant and close, using analysis of variance and cluster analysis. This feasibility study showed that Py-GC/MS can generate useful source profile data for receptor modeling and justifies continued method development. 相似文献
243.
Madhu Rao Saw Htun Steven G. Platt Robert Tizard Colin Poole Than Myint James E. M. Watson 《Ambio》2013,42(7):789-804
High levels of species richness and endemism make Myanmar a regional priority for conservation. However, decades of economic and political sanctions have resulted in low conservation investment to effectively tackle threats to biodiversity. Recent sweeping political reforms have placed Myanmar on the fast track to economic development—the expectation is increased economic investments focused on the exploitation of the country’s rich, and relatively intact, natural resources. Within a context of weak regulatory capacity and inadequate environmental safeguards, rapid economic development is likely to have far-reaching negative implications for already threatened biodiversity and natural-resource-dependent human communities. Climate change will further exacerbate prevailing threats given Myanmar’s high exposure and vulnerability. The aim of this review is to examine the implications of increased economic growth and a changing climate within the larger context of biodiversity conservation in Myanmar. We summarize conservation challenges, assess direct climatological impacts on biodiversity and conclude with recommendations for long-term adaptation approaches for biodiversity conservation. 相似文献
244.
245.
Effects of human demand on conservation planning for biodiversity and ecosystem services 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Keri B. Watson Gillian L. Galford Laura J. Sonter Insu Koh Taylor H. Ricketts 《Conservation biology》2019,33(4):942-952
Safeguarding ecosystem services and biodiversity is critical to achieving sustainable development. To date, ecosystem services quantification has focused on the biophysical supply of services with less emphasis on human beneficiaries (i.e., demand). Only when both occur do ecosystems benefit people, but demand may shift ecosystem service priorities toward human-dominated landscapes that support less biodiversity. We quantified how accounting for demand affects the efficiency of conservation in capturing both human benefits and biodiversity by comparing conservation priorities identified with and without accounting for demand. We mapped supply and benefit for 3 ecosystem services (flood mitigation, crop pollination, and nature-based recreation) by adapting existing ecosystem service models to include and exclude factors representing human demand. We then identified conservation priorities for each with the conservation planning program Marxan. Particularly for flood mitigation and crop pollination, supply served as a poor proxy for benefit because demand changed the spatial distribution of ecosystem service provision. Including demand when jointly targeting biodiversity and ecosystem service increased the efficiency of conservation efforts targeting ecosystem services without reducing biodiversity outcomes. Our results highlight the importance of incorporating demand when quantifying ecosystem services for conservation planning. 相似文献
246.
Xiaoliang WANG Curtis ROBBINS S. Kent HOEKMAN Judith C. CHOW John G. WATSON Dennis SCHUETZLE 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2011,5(3):320-330
Thermochemical biomass gasification, followed by conversion of the produced syngas to fuels and electrical power, is a promising energy alternative. Real-world characterization of particulate matter (PM) and other contaminants in the syngas is important to minimize damage and ensure efficient operation of the engines it powers and the fuels created from it. A dilution sampling system is demonstrated to quantify PM in syngas generated from two gasification plants utilizing different biomass feedstocks: a BioMax?15 Biopower System that uses raw and torrefied woodchips as feedstocks, and an integrated biorefinery (IBR) that uses rice hulls and woodchips as feedstocks. PM2.5 mass concentrations in syngas from the IBR downstream of the purification system were 12.8–13.7 μg·m-3, which were significantly lower than the maximum level for catalyst protection (500 μg·m-3) and were 2–3 orders of magnitude lower than those in BioMax?15 syngas (2247–4835 μg·m-3). Ultrafine particle number concentration and PM2.5 chemical constituents were also much lower in the IBR syngas than in the BioMax?15. The dilution sampling system enabled reliable measurements over a wide range of concentrations: the use of high sensitivity instruments allowed measurement at very low concentrations (~1 μg·m-3), while the flexibility of dilution minimized sampling problems that are commonly encountered due to high levels of tars in raw syngas (~1 g·m-3). 相似文献
247.
248.
Rodgers DW Watson TA Langan JS Wheaton TJ 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》1987,45(4):261-274
The effect of pH (pH 5, 6 or 7) on accumulation of radiolabelled methylmercury was examined using a laboratory microcosm system. Accumulation of labelled mercury at three trophic levels, primary consumers (Daphnia magna), secondary consumers (rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri) and tertiary consumers (walleye, Stizostedion vitreum) was not significantly affected by pH. Our results are in direct contrast with field observations of elevated methylmercury concentrations in fish from low pH water and indicate that the elevated mercury residues observed in the field result from factors other than the direct effects of pH on accumulation of methylmercury by aquatic organisms. Both water and diet were important as sources of the labelled mercury which was accumulated by walleye. Walleye which were fed rainbow trout, that had accumulated labelled mercury from within the experimental microcosms, accumulated almost twice as much labelled mercury as walleye fed non-labelled prey, or walleye which were not fed. Walleye fed non-labelled rainbow trout accumulated slightly more labelled mercury than walleye which were not fed, presumably as a result of the higher metabolic rate of the fish which were fed. 相似文献
249.
Gaps and opportunities for the World Heritage Convention to contribute to global wilderness conservation
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Conservation biology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
James R. Allan Cyril Kormos Tilman Jaeger Oscar Venter Bastian Bertzky Yichuan Shi Brendan Mackey Remco van Merm Elena Osipova James E.M. Watson 《Conservation biology》2018,32(1):116-126
Wilderness areas are ecologically intact landscapes predominantly free of human uses, especially industrial‐scale activities that result in substantial biophysical disturbance. This definition does not exclude land and resource use by local communities who depend on such areas for subsistence and bio‐cultural connections. Wilderness areas are important for biodiversity conservation and sustain key ecological processes and ecosystem services that underpin planetary life‐support systems. Despite these widely recognized benefits and values of wilderness, they are insufficiently protected and are consequently being rapidly eroded. There are increasing calls for multilateral environmental agreements to make a greater and more systematic contribution to wilderness conservation before it is too late. We created a global map of remaining terrestrial wilderness following the established last‐of‐the‐wild method, which identifies the 10% of areas with the lowest human pressure within each of Earth's 62 biogeographic realms and identifies the 10 largest contiguous areas and all contiguous areas >10,000 km2. We used our map to assess wilderness coverage by the World Heritage Convention and to identify gaps in coverage. We then identified large nationally designated protected areas with good wilderness coverage within these gaps. One‐quarter of natural and mixed (i.e., sites of both natural and cultural value) World Heritage Sites (WHS) contained wilderness (total of 545,307 km2), which is approximately 1.8% of the world's wilderness extent. Many WHS had excellent wilderness coverage, for example, the Okavango Delta in Botswana (11,914 km2) and the Central Suriname Nature Reserve (16,029 km2). However, 22 (35%) of the world's terrestrial biorealms had no wilderness representation within WHS. We identified 840 protected areas of >500 km2 that were predominantly wilderness (>50% of their area) and represented 18 of the 22 missing biorealms. These areas offer a starting point for assessing the potential for the designation of new WHSs that could help increase wilderness representation on the World Heritage list. We urge the World Heritage Convention to ensure that the ecological integrity and outstanding universal value of existing WHS with wilderness values are preserved. 相似文献
250.
Steve Carver Ian Convery Sally Hawkins Rene Beyers Adam Eagle Zoltan Kun Erwin Van Maanen Yue Cao Mark Fisher Stephen R. Edwards Cara Nelson George D. Gann Steve Shurter Karina Aguilar Angela Andrade William J. Ripple John Davis Anthony Sinclair Marc Bekoff Reed Noss Dave Foreman Hanna Pettersson Meredith Root-Bernstein Jens-Christian Svenning Peter Taylor Sophie Wynne-Jones Alan Watson Featherstone Camilla Fløjgaard Mark Stanley-Price Laetitia M. Navarro Toby Aykroyd Alison Parfitt Michael Soulé 《Conservation biology》2021,35(6):1882-1893
There has been much recent interest in the concept of rewilding as a tool for nature conservation, but also confusion over the idea, which has limited its utility. We developed a unifying definition and 10 guiding principles for rewilding through a survey of 59 rewilding experts, a summary of key organizations’ rewilding visions, and workshops involving over 100 participants from around the world. The guiding principles convey that rewilding exits on a continuum of scale, connectivity, and level of human influence and aims to restore ecosystem structure and functions to achieve a self-sustaining autonomous nature. These principles clarify the concept of rewilding and improve its effectiveness as a tool to achieve global conservation targets, including those of the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration and post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework. Finally, we suggest differences in rewilding perspectives lie largely in the extent to which it is seen as achievable and in specific interventions. An understanding of the context of rewilding projects is the key to success, and careful site-specific interpretations will help achieve the aims of rewilding. 相似文献