项目教学法在高职商务英语谈判教学中的应用——以中国环境管理干部学院为例

项目教学法是教师为主导,学生为主体,项目为载体,任务为驱动,以职业能力培养为目标,以社会需求为背景的系统的教学方法。以中国环境管理干部学院为例,通过讲述项目教学法的特点及在实践教学中的应用原则,提出了项目教学法在学院商务英语谈判课堂上进行的步骤、遇到的困难,并提出了相应的改进措施。     

Chlorophyll a Simulation in a Lake Ecosystem Using a Model with Wavelet Analysis and Artificial Neural Network

Accurate and reliable forecasting is important for the sustainable management of ecosystems. Chlorophyll a (Chl a) simulation and forecasting can provide early warning information and enable managers to make appropriate decisions for protecting lake ecosystems. In this study, we proposed a method for Chl a simulation in a lake that coupled the wavelet analysis and the artificial neural networks (WA–ANN). The proposed method had the advantage of data preprocessing, which reduced noise and managed nonstationary data. Fourteen variables were included in the developed and validated model, relating to hydrologic, ecological and meteorologic time series data from January 2000 to December 2009 at the Lake Baiyangdian study area, North China. The performance of the proposed WA–ANN model for monthly Chl a simulation in the lake ecosystem was compared with a multiple stepwise linear regression (MSLR) model, an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model and a regular ANN model. The results showed that the WA-ANN model was suitable for Chl a simulation providing a more accurate performance than the MSLR, ARIMA, and ANN models. We recommend that the proposed method be widely applied to further facilitate the development and implementation of lake ecosystem management.     

基于WSR-TOPSIS的学生公寓火灾风险评价

针对学生公寓导致火灾的因素繁多且复杂的特点,为了有效预防和减少学生公寓火灾事故的发生,提出了基于WSR-TOPSIS的学生公寓火灾风险评价方法.首先,在WSR理论基础上构建学生公寓火灾风险评价体系,其次应用G1法、熵权法和方差最大化理论分别计算主观权重、客观权重和组合权重,最后使用TOPSIS法得出评价结果.将所建立的模型应用于陕西省西安市4所高校的学生公寓火灾风险评价中,得出了各评价对象的火灾风险等级和排名.研究表明,所建立的模型能够应用于学生公寓火灾风险评价中,具有可行性与合理性.     

2-氯酚驯化对厌氧污泥微生物种群结构的影响

用古细菌特异性引物ARC21F/ARC958R和酸杆菌特异性引物31F/907R,对2.氯酚(2-chlorophenol,2-CP)驯化前后厌氧颗粒污泥样品总DNA进行了16S rDNA的聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PeR)、克隆、测序及序列分析,研究了2-CP驯化前后厌氧颗粒污泥中微生物种群结构的变化.结果表明,2-CP驯化前后厌氧颗粒污泥中存在共有的古细菌菌种:Methanothrix soehngenii、Methanosaeta concilii 及 uncultured euryarchaeote 等.2-CP驯化后的厌氧污泥中出现了特有的微生物Methanobacterium aarhusense、Methanobacterium curvum及 Methanobacterium beijingense等,而接种污泥中特有的一些古细菌发生了消亡.对该厌氧体系酸杆菌的分析表明,2-CP驯化前后的厌氧颗粒污泥中存在共有的微生物菌种:uncultured bacterium、unculturedAcidobacterium和unknown Actinomycete(MC 9).经2-CP驯化后,接种污泥中特有的微生物Desulfotomaculum sp.176、uncultured Deltaproteobacterium n8d及uncultured bydrocarbon seep bacterium等发生消亡,并出现了特有的微生物uncultured Holophage/Acidobacterium、uncultured Acidobacteria bacterium及unidentified Acidobacterium.     

黑龙江省近50年来沼泽湿地退缩特及其原因分析

在RS和GIS的支持下,综合集成1954年地形图和2000年TM影像重建黑龙江省1954～2000年沼泽湿地的空间信息矢量数据,结合斑块质心变化模型、景观参数和欧几里德最短距离函数,分析黑龙江省沼泽湿地退缩的区域分异特征,进一步从人类活动对沼泽退缩的影响的角度探讨沼泽退缩的原因.研究结果表明:黑龙江省近50年来,沼泽湿地面积急剧减少,由791.4×104 hm2减少到303.5×104 hm2;沼泽景观趋于破碎化;退缩的焦点区域主要集中在三江平原、大小兴安岭和松嫩平原.导致湿地退缩的人文原因主要包括三个方面:人口增加和耕地的不断开垦,国家建设国营农场的农业发展政策,与主要公路的空间区位关系.     

主动脉动气流分选处理废弃催化剂

废弃催化剂重整后含有富集贵金属的海绵体和烧结磁珠,二者的有效分选是提纯贵金属富集体的重要环节。主动脉动气流分选装置能够对此物料进行干法分选,避免了湿法分选对物料的改性,有利于贵金属富集体的后续提纯。介绍了主动脉动气流分选装置的结构,分析主动脉动气流分选机理及其动力学模型。通过实际物料进行分选试验。结果表明,在脉动频率为7/3 Hz,气流流速为2.50~6.00 m/s时,总分选效率Ef高于94.50%;在气流流速为3.33 m/s时,分选效率最高,总分选效率Ef可达97.63%。     

Single and joint effects of petroleum hydrocarbons and cadmium on the polychaete Perinereis aibuhitensis Grube

Using the concentration gradient and combined pollutant exposure method, the single and joint effects of petroleum hydrocarbons （PHCs） and cadmium （Cd） on polychaete Perinereis aibuhitensis Grube, an ecologically keystone species in estuarine and coastal environment, have been investigated. The results indicate that the toxicity of PHCs to P. aibuhitensis is stronger than that of Cd to the organism. There are positive correlations between the mortality of worms and the exposed concentration of single Cd or PHCs in solution. Similarly, the accumulation of Cd or PHCs in worms increased with increasing Cd- or PHC-exposed concentrations. All the correlation relationships can be described using unitary quadratic equations （Y or Z = aX^2 ＋ bX ＋ c）. It is calculated, on the basis of these expressions, that the median lethal dose （LC50） ofP aibuhitensis exposed to a single Cd or PHCs is 793.4-13567.3 and 28.0-119.9 μg/L, respectively. The exposed time has some stimulative effect on the two pollutants and on the mortality of the worms. Thus, even a low concentration of a single Cd or PHCs may have strong toxic effects on the worms when the exposed time becomes longer. The accumulation of Cd or PHCs in worms differs with an increase in exposure time at the given exposed concentration of a single Cd or PHCs. Noticeably, the accumulation of PHCs in worms decreases with an increase in exposure time at the given high concentration of PHCs in solution. The joint effect of PHCs and Cd on P. aibuhitensis is very complicated and changes with the exposed concentrations of the two pollutants. At the given concentration of PHCs, the joint toxicity of the two pollutants on the worms changes from synergism to antagonism with an increase in Cd concentration. The accumulation of Cd in the worms significantly decreases with the addition of PHCs to exposure solution.     

以废菌体为填料的连续流反应器对Pb【sup】2+【/sup】的吸附特性

研究了非活性固定化啤酒酵母废菌体对废水中重金属离子Pb2 的动态吸附特性,考察了动力学方程、热力学方程对试验的拟合效果,了解吸附过程的规律性.结果表明:Langmuir和Freundlich模型都能较好地拟合试验过程,但以Langmuir模型的拟合效果更好,相关系数达0.996 8,其最大吸附量为7.788 mg/g;拟合试验过程同时符合Thomas动力学模型,相关系数达0.954 7;当溶液中的初始ρ(pb2 )(C0)和流速(Q)分别控制在20 mg/L和2 mL/min左右时,处理效果最好.通过对重金属废水的处理,可以达到以废治废的效果.     

海洋经济发展中的区域经济理论探讨

以江苏沿海经济发展为研究对象,通过分析江苏沿海区域在经历了产业梯度转移理论指导,再引入增长极理论,制定区域海洋经济发展战略.分析了江苏沿海盐城、连云港、南通三市的区位特点,选择三市作为江苏海洋经济发展的增长中心,确定各市的主导产业,最终达到缩小江苏沿海与苏南之间的经济差距,加快江苏海洋经济发展速度,增强江苏海洋经济势力的目的.     

造林/再造林CDM项目PDD编写中几个重要问题探讨

造林/再造林CDM项目PDD编写在整个CDM项目的实施上占有举足轻重的地位,由于造林/再造林CDM项目目前还处于起步阶段,其中的很多问题还亟待解决,这就造成了PDD编写中必然会存在很多不确定的问题。在造林/再造林CDM项目PDD编写整个流程中涉及到最重要的环节的问题则是解决其他问题的关键。在这些关键问题中包括三个非常重要的问题：基线,额外性,泄漏。本文对这三个问题分别进行阐述,并试着提出相应的解决方法予以探讨。