动态臭氧/紫外线法处理磺基水杨酸废水

研究了在有或无紫外线 (UV)照射的条件下臭氧 (O3 )对磺基水杨酸废水的处理效果。用O3 与UV协同处理磺基水杨酸废水比仅用O3 和仅用UV的处理效果好得多 ,其COD去除率大于后二者的COD去除率之和。试验选用的动态O3 /UV法处理磺基水杨酸废水的工艺条件为 :O3 发生器放电功率 90 %× 180W ,UV功率 14W ,废水循环流速 10 0mL/min ,处理时间 90min。在此条件下 ,废水COD去除率可达 80 %左右。在上述的O3 发生器放电功率、UV功率、废水循环流速条件下 ,处理 1min时废水变澄清     

汕头市地震灾害评估方案

本文根据汕头市城市现状,提出了汕头市地震灾害评估方案。包括利用GIS建立地区小区划数据库,房屋基本数据库,生命线系统基本数据库,基本图形数据库,地震灾害评估知识库和地震灾害评估决策系统。     

苏南典型城区河网地区沉积物重金属调查研究

本研究对太湖上游集水区重要城市常州城区河网的12条主要河流开展了城市主要河道沉积物中的重金属分布状况及特征调查,采用Hakanson生态风险指数法对沉积物中的主要重金属对所在水域的污染程度及对水域和周围环境造成的潜在风险影响进行了评价。结果显示,常州河道沉积物已受到严重污染,不同类型河道的沉积物污染程度趋势为:城区>郊区>城市外围河道,其中以Hg的污染最重。     

福建省山仔水库水质现状及演变趋势分析

依据1996年-2010年监测数据及实际观测情况,分析了山仔水库水质现状和长期变化趋势。水库建库初期,水质状况比较好,但随着外源污染输入和内源污染释放,水体中的各项污染物指标水平升高,特别是氮磷营养物质。控制外源污染近10年之后,水库水质有了明显好转,蓝藻水华现象亦呈减少趋势,但水体中的氮磷营养物质仍维持在一定水平,高于富营养化临界浓度,水库的生态治理仍不容忽视。     

Preparation methods and thermal stability of Ba-Mn-Ce oxide catalyst for NOx-assisted soot oxidation

Manganese oxide-loaded and -doped ceria as well as the corresponding barium-modified oxide catalysts were prepared for soot oxidation in the presence of NOx, and were characterized by using X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller and NO temperatureprogrammed oxidation measurements. The activity of catalyst depended strongly on the NO2 production capacity, and the importance of surface nitrates was weakened without heat transfer limitations. The formation of perovskite-type oxides after the high-temperature calcination caused the loss of NOx storage capacity for the Ba-modified catalysts, but did not seem to affect the NO oxidation activity obviously. The addition of barium did not prevent the phase separation of MnOx-CeO2 solid solutions, whereas it inhibited the sintering of oxide crystallites effectively. This, as well as the relatively high surface area, resulted in a small increase in soot oxidation temperature for the thermally aged Ba/Mn-Ce catalyst.     

环保督政约谈机制分析:以安阳市为例

环保督政约谈制度是环保新常态下的一项制度尝试。本文以安阳市作为案例点,从约谈的法律依据、整改措施等方面对环保督政约谈制度进行了研究。研究发现环保督政约谈制度有一定的法律基础,在国外和国内许多行业也有类似的实践,实施该制度以来已取得一定成效,但也存在部分措施行政色彩较重、长效机制缺乏、环境问题责任界定不清等问题。文章提出了要明确政府部门职责,提高环保执法能力并建立“尽责免责”机制,要创新约谈模式,试行“党政同责”和“部门问责”,强化整改措施落实,加大信息公开并加强监督和跟踪评估,逐步建立环保“阳光”约谈的长效机制等建议。     

Effect of water vapor on NH3-NO/NO2 SCR performance of fresh and aged MnOx-NbOx-CeO2 catalysts

A MnOx–NbOx–CeO2 catalyst for low temperature selective catalytic reduction(SCR) of NOx with NH3 was prepared by a sol–gel method, and characterized by NH3–NO/NO2 SCR catalytic activity, NO/NH3 oxidation activity, NOx/NH3 TPD, XRD, BET, H2-TPR and in-situ Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy(DRIFTS). The results indicate that the Mn Ox–Nb Ox–CeO2 catalyst shows excellent low temperature NH3-SCR activity in the temperature range of 150–300℃. Water vapor inhibits the low temperature activity of the catalyst in standard SCR due to the inhibition of NOx adsorption. As the NO2 content increases in the feed, water vapor does not affect the activity in NO2 SCR. Meanwhile, water vapor significantly enhances the N2 selectivity of the fresh and the aged catalysts due to its inhibition of the decomposition of NH4NO3 into N2O.     

智能型城市防洪除涝决策支持系统总体设计研究

智能型城市防洪除涝决策支持系统是城市防洪除涝减灾的一种综合性非工程 措施。本文根据作者的经验总结和研究工作,着重阐述了其总体设计的思路、原 则、特点、及结构设计,并对专家系统、GIS技术、遥感遥测技术等高新科技在 城市防洪除涝减灾辅助决策中的作用,作了专门论述。     

逆境对木兰科树种伤害机理研究进展

逆境对木兰科树种伤害机理的研究已受到广泛重视,但关于木兰科树种抗逆性机制的研究和综合评价缺乏系统性.文章论述了近年来逆境对木兰科树种伤害机理的研究进展,特别是对其光合生理的影响,主要包括植物生物量、净光合速率(Pn)、细胞间隙CO2浓度(Ci)、气孔导度(Gs)、叶绿素含量(Chl)、蒸腾速率(Tr)及叶绿素荧光等参数,并概述了逆境对木兰科树种细胞膜稳定性和渗透调节作用的影响.提出应加强逆境胁迫下木兰科树种抗性机制的研究,并结合实际的栽培环境,运用多个生理生态指标,对木兰科树种的环境适应性进行综合评价,以期科学指导木兰科树种的保护栽培和引种驯化.     

Modeling patterns of nonlinearity in ecosystem responses to temperature, CO2, and precipitation changes.

It is commonly acknowledged that ecosystem responses to global climate change are nonlinear. However, patterns of the nonlinearity have not been well characterized on ecosystem carbon and water processes. We used a terrestrial ecosystem (TECO) model to examine nonlinear patterns of ecosystem responses to changes in temperature, CO2, and precipitation individually or in combination. The TECO model was calibrated against experimental data obtained from a grassland ecosystem in the central United States and ran for 100 years with gradual change at 252 different scenarios. We primarily used the 100th-year results to explore nonlinearity of ecosystem responses. Variables examined in this study are net primary production (NPP), heterotrophic respiration (R(h)), net ecosystem carbon exchange (NEE), runoff, and evapotranspiration (ET). Our modeling results show that nonlinear patterns were parabolic, asymptotic, and threshold-like in response to temperature, CO2, and precipitation anomalies, respectively, for NPP, NEE, and R(h). Runoff and ET exhibited threshold-like pattern in response to both temperature and precipitation anomalies but were less sensitive to CO2 changes. Ecosystem responses to combined temperature, CO2, and precipitation anomalies differed considerably from the responses to individual factors in terms of response patterns and/or critical points of nonlinearity. Our results suggest that nonlinear patterns in response to multiple global-change factors were diverse and were considerably affected by combined climate anomalies on ecosystem carbon and water processes. The diverse response patterns in nonlinearity have profound implications for both experimental design and theoretical development.