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181.
William L. Hare Wolfgang Cramer Michiel Schaeffer Antonella Battaglini Carlo C. Jaeger 《Regional Environmental Change》2011,11(1):1-17
This paper reviews scientific and gray literature addressing climate change vulnerability and adaptation in the Inuvialuit
Settlement Region (ISR) in the western Canadian Arctic. The review is structured using a vulnerability framework, and 420
documents related directly or indirectly to climate change are analyzed to provide insights on the current state of knowledge
on climate change vulnerability in the ISR as a basis for supporting future research and long-term adaptation planning in
the region. The literature documents evidence of climate change in the ISR which is compromising food security and health
status, limiting transportation access and travel routes to hunting grounds, and damaging municipal infrastructure. Adaptations
are being employed to manage changing conditions; however, many of the adaptations being undertaken are short term, ad-hoc,
and reactive in nature. Limited long-term strategic planning for climate change is being undertaken. Current climate change
risks are expected to continue in the future with further implications for communities but less is known about the adaptive
capacity of communities. This review identifies the importance of targeted vulnerability research that works closely with
community members and decision makers to understand the interactions between current and projected climate change and the
factors which condition vulnerability and influence adaptation. Research gaps are identified, and recommendations for advancing
adaptation planning are outlined. 相似文献
182.
183.
Hilke Würdemann Fabian Mller Michael Kühn Wolfgang Heidug Niels Peter Christensen Günter Borm Frank R. Schilling the COSINK Group 《International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control》2010,4(6):938-951
The CO2SINK pilot project at Ketzin is aimed at a better understanding of geological CO2 storage operation in a saline aquifer. The reservoir consists of fluvial deposits with average permeability ranging between 50 and 100 mDarcy. The main focus of CO2SINK is developing and testing of monitoring and verification technologies. All wells, one for injection and two for observation, are equipped with smart casings (sensors behind casing, facing the rocks) containing a Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) and electrodes for Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT). The in-hole Gas Membrane Sensors (GMS) observed the arrival of tracers and CO2 with high temporal resolution. Geophysical monitoring includes Moving Source Profiling (MSP), Vertical Seismic Profiling (VSP), crosshole, star and 4-D seismic experiments. Numerical models are benchmarked via the monitoring results indicating a sufficient match between observation and prediction, at least for the arrival of CO2 at the first observation well. Downhole samples of brine showed changes in the fluid composition and biocenosis. First monitoring results indicate anisotropic flow of CO2 coinciding with the “on-time” arrival of CO2 at observation well one (Ktzi 200) and the later arrival at observation well two (Ktzi 202). A risk assessment was performed prior to the start of injection. After one year of operations about 18,000 t of CO2 were injected safely. 相似文献
184.
Anya Vollpracht Wolfgang Brameshuber 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2010,17(5):1177-1182
Objective
In this paper, results regarding the leaching of trace elements out of mineral building materials under irrigation are presented. 相似文献185.
Xie Z Ebinghaus R Flöser G Caba A Ruck W 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2008,156(3):1190-1195
The potential of triclosan (TCS) acting as an endocrine disruptor has led to growing concern about the presence of TCS in the environment. In this study, seawater samples were collected from the German Bight during sampling campaigns conducted with the German research ships Gauss and Ludwig Prandtl. TCS was determined both in the dissolved phase and in the suspended particulate matters with concentrations ranging 0.8-6870 pg L−1 and <1-95 pg L−1, respectively. High concentrations of TCS were present in the estuaries of the Elbe and the Weser, indicating significant input of TCS by the river discharge. The correlation coefficient (R2) between the dissolved concentration and salinity was 0.79 for the data obtained from the Gauss cruise, showing an obvious declining trend from the coast to the open sea. 相似文献
186.
de Souza Pereira M Waller U Reifenhäuser W Torres JP Malm O Körner W 《Chemosphere》2007,67(9):1728-1735
Monitoring of immission of persistent organic pollutants in the industrialized area of Volta Redonda (V.R.) and in the National Park of Itatiaia (PNI) in southeast Brazil was performed using an endemic Bromeliad species as biomonitor and measuring total deposition rates on funnels covered with polyurethane foams. Samples were collected during 78 days in V.R. and 95 days in PNI in winter (dry season, June-August 2003) and during 114 days in both areas in summer (rainy season, December 2003-February 2004). The PCDD/PCDF deposition rates ranged from 0.10 to 1.9 pg WHO-TEQ/(m2 day) in winter and from 0.11 to 2.2 pg WHO-TEQ/(m2 day) in summer. Deposition rates found in V.R. in summer were four- to ninefold higher than those measured in PNI, while in winter deposition rates in both regions were in the same range. Deposition rates in V.R. in summer were about five fold lower than those measured in 1996. PCDD/PCDF levels in biomonitor samples were between 0.95 and 14.6 ng WHO-TEQ/kg d.m. in winter and between 2.2 and 5.2 ng WHO-TEQ/kg d.m. in summer. In winter, concentrations found in V.R. were up to 11 times higher than those found in PNI, while in summer the levels measured in both areas were comparable. The homologue and isomer profiles found in the deposition as well as in the biomonitor samples from V.R. indicate that steel production is the main source of contamination in the region, whereas in PNI, the long range transport of these pollutants is the predominant contamination pathway. 相似文献
187.
Radon as a naturally occurring tracer for the assessment of residual NAPL contamination of aquifers 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Schubert M Paschke A Lau S Geyer W Knöller K 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2007,145(3):920-927
The noble gas radon has a strong affinity to non-aqueous phase-liquids (NAPLs). That property makes it applicable as naturally occurring partitioning tracer for assessing residual NAPL contamination of aquifers. In a NAPL contaminated aquifer, radon dissolved in the groundwater partitions preferably into the NAPL. The magnitude of the resulting radon deficit in the groundwater depends on the NAPL-specific radon partition coefficient and on the NAPL saturation of the pore space. Hence, if the partition coefficient is known, the NAPL saturation is attainable by determination of the radon deficit. After a concise discussion of theoretical aspects regarding radon partitioning into NAPL, related experimental data and results of a field investigation are presented. Aim of the laboratory experiments was the determination of radon partition coefficients of multi-component NAPLs of environmental concern. The on-site activities were carried out in order to confirm the applicability of the "radon method" under field conditions. 相似文献
188.
Intrauterine dilation of critical fetal aortic stenosis (AS) and pulmonary stenosis or atresia has the potential to change the natural course of these congenital heart defects preventing progression to a single ventricle circulation. This article reviews the world experience in fetal cardiac interventions. In carefully selected cases, fetal cardiac surgery can reverse end-stage heart failure and can provide biventricular outcome postnatally in about two thirds of the cases with successful interventions. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
189.
190.