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91.
Gamergates (i.e. mated reproductive workers) are mostly known from ant species within the Ponerinae. We report here the discovery of gamergates in two species of the subfamily Myrmicinae. Until now, mated reproductive females in colonies of myrmicine species have been considered morphologically distinct from the worker caste. However, in two species of the myrmicine Metapone (Metapone madagascarica and a newly discovered, not yet described Metapone species) all workers have six ovarioles and a spermatheca; and some of them are mated. There are no morphological differences between mated and non-mated workers. Field observations and laboratory studies indicate that colonies of the Metapone species can reproduce with gamergates only. 相似文献
92.
Although amphibians are highly vocal, they generally emit only a limited number of acoustic communication signals. We report here the extraordinarily rich vocal repertoire of Amolops tormotus, a ranid species in China. These frogs produce countless vocalizations, some of which share features of birdsong or primate calls, e.g., ultrasonic frequency components, multiple upward and downward FM sweeps, and sudden onset and offset of selective harmonic components within a call note. Frame-by-frame video analysis of the frog's calling behavior suggests the presence of two pairs of vocal sacs that may contribute to the remarkable call-note complexity in this species. Electronic supplementary material to this paper can be obtained by using the Springer LINK server located at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00114-002-0335-x. 相似文献
93.
北京市二个主要工业区汞污染及其来源的初步研究 总被引:17,自引:2,他引:17
为了调查北京市汞污染状况及其来源,选择二个主要工业区石景山区和朝阳区为研究对象.共采集表层土壤26个,剖面样品4个,对照土壤样品4个,并且在冬季采集降雪样品和枯叶样品,分析汞含量.结果表明,燃煤烟尘排放的汞是北京市汞的主要来源,汽车尾气和化工厂泄漏可使局部汞含量增高,表层土壤中汞含量为007—275mg/kg.土壤剖面中的汞含量在0—100cm土层中均较高,其含量与土壤有机质和碳酸盐含量正相关.降雪中汞在07—37mg/L之间,明显高于背景值,其中大部分吸附在颗粒物上.枯叶中汞主要是从土壤吸收,并且有可能被雨水淋溶出来. 相似文献
94.
在现有的关于活性污泥法最优控制研究的基础上,首次提出了以两个最重要的控制参数污泥排放量和溶解氧浓度(DO)为控制变量、以出水水质为约束条件、以运行费用为性能指标的活性污泥法多变量最优控制的研究问题,并着重进行了基础研究.首先建立了最优控制所必要的基本状态方程与性能指标的泛函表达式.然后通过计算研究了在满足同一出水质量前提下控制不同的DO浓度时所需要的运行费用.结果表明,DO为09mg/L时所需运行费用最少,这与主张应当维持DO浓度大于2mg/L的传统观点相比相差甚远;衰减速率常数Kd不受DO影响的假设也不合理. 相似文献
95.
Aysen Müezzinoğlu Tolga Elbir Abdurrahman Bayram 《Environmental Engineering and Policy》1998,1(2):109-116
In this study, an inventory of air pollutant emission estimates from major air polluting sources in Turkey for period between 1985 and 2005 with 5-year intervals were estimated. Inventory covers anthropogenic sources of five major air pollutants of particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and non-methane volatile organic compounds. Their break-down with respect to main activity sectors were shown and their distribution by the largest industrial source categories were worked out as annual estimates. This inventory and its analysis point to serious environmental implications of air pollutants and a need to develop a policy plan for reducing these emissions. 相似文献
96.
97.
调理剂对污泥中石油降解速率的影响 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
试验研究了添加不同调理剂及不同量调理剂对污泥中石油生物降解的影响。结果表明:添加调理剂可以显著地提高石油生物降解速率;几种调理剂之间比较,以木为最好,蛭石次之,稻草再次之。添加6%的调理剂,在室温下培养120d,污泥中石油残留量减少了近70%。 相似文献
98.
99.
Wang Liming Zhang Junwu Wu Guanyun Wang Shenwu Fan Yu Huang Youwen Zhao Letian Wang Rongxin Su Jidong Zhang Nijia Long Guifang Li Qi Zou Peng Liang Rong Liang Xu 《黑龙江环境通报》1986,6(2):89-95
By means of chorion biopsy together with restriction endonuclease analysis of fetal DNA, first trimester diagnoses were successfully made in 33 fetuses at risk for Bart's hydrops fetalis. Seven pregnancies with Hb H or hydrops fetalis were therapeutically terminated before 4 months of gestation. Of the 26 pregnancies intended to continue, 18 have come to term with normal deliveries; one with threatened abortion was terminated at the end of the first trimester and, seven are progresssing normally. 相似文献
100.
Independent teams undertook environmental monitoring of particular concentrations of major construction projects forming part of Hong Kong’s U.S. $20 billion airport infrastructure programme located in dense urban areas. The team combination of environmental specialists with experienced civil engineers enabled pragmatic mitigation measures to be developed and accepted by the construction personnel with the result that potentially significant adverse impacts were averted. The authors discuss the mechanism and success of this innovative approach. 相似文献