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131.
Pang Chuan Kian Joseph Collin G. Farm Yan Yan Gansau Jualang Azlan Teo Siow Hwa Taufiq-Yap Yun Hin Liew Rock Keey 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2023,21(5):2953-2993
Environmental Chemistry Letters - The discharge of various pollutant-rich wastewater in large volumes without adequate treatment seriously endangers the environment. Catalytic and photocatalytic... 相似文献
132.
Yanbo Pang Norman L. Eatough William K. Modey 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(5):563-572
Abstract The real-time ambient mass sampler (RAMS) is a continuous monitor based on particle concentrator, denuder, drier, and tapered element oscillating microbalance (TEOM) monitor technology. It is designed to measure PM2.5 mass, including the semi-volatile species NH4NO3 and semi-volatile organic material, but not to measure PM2.5 water content. The performance of the RAMS in an urban environment with high humidity was evaluated during the July 1999 NARSTO-Northeast Oxidant and Particles Study (NEOPS) intensive study at the Baxter water treatment plant in Philadelphia, PA. The results obtained with the RAMS were compared to mass measurements made with a TEOM monitor and to constructed mass obtained with a Particle Concentrator-Brigham Young University Organic Sampling System (PC-BOSS) sampler designed to determine the chemical composition of fine particles, including the semi-volatile species. An average of 28% of the fine particulate material present during the study was semi-volatile organic material lost from a filter during particle collection, and 1% was NH4NO3 that was also lost from the particles during sampling. The remaining mass was dominantly nonvolatile (NH4)2SO4 (31%) and organic material (37%), with minor amounts of soot, crustal material, and nonvolatile NH4NO3. Comparison of the RAMS and PC-BOSS results indicated that the RAMS correctly monitored for fine particulate mass, including the semi-volatile material. In contrast, the heated filter of the TEOM monitor did not measure the semi-volatile material. The comparison of the RAMS and PC-BOSS data had a precision of ±4.1 μg/m3 (±9.6%). The precision of the RAMS data was limited by the uncertainty in the blank correction for the reversible adsorption of water by the charcoal-impregnated cellulose sorbent filter of the RAMS monitor. The precision of the measurement of fine par-ticulate components by the PC-BOSS was ±6-8%. 相似文献
133.
通过对历史资料的搜集、整理和分析,对鄂尔多斯高原东南部榆林地区清代(1644-1911年)蝗灾的变化规律、蝗灾等级、发生条件及其预测进行了研究。结果表明,在清代的268a里,鄂尔多斯高原东南部地区共发生蝗灾16次,平均每16.8 a发生1次。该区清代中期是蝗灾较少发生期,早期和晚期为蝗灾较多发生期。在晚期阶段1850-1879年间的30a里,平均4.3a发生1次,且蝗灾规模大而严重,为蝗灾大爆发期。该区的蝗灾主要是由当地生长的蝗虫造成的,少数规模较大的蝗灾是省外蝗虫迁移至该区造成的。研究地区夏蝗和秋蝗发生较多,并且夏蝗发生次数略高于秋蝗。该区清代发生最多的是中度蝗灾,其次为轻度蝗灾,重度蝗灾发生最少。降水量与蝗灾发生频次的相关系数较气温的大,降水偏少年易于发生蝗灾,轻度和中度旱灾是蝗虫猖獗的最佳条件,大旱和特大干旱并不利于蝗灾发生。根据鄂尔多斯高原东南部地区清代蝗灾发生的自然条件预测,在该区降水偏少年,特别是夏季出现轻度、中度旱灾的年份容易发生蝗灾,这时要加强蝗灾的预防。 相似文献
134.
以罗布泊"大耳朵"地区为研究区域,利用石墨炉原子吸收分光光度计(GF-990)和火焰原子吸收分光光度计(AAS-990)分析测试了沉积物中Pb、Cu、Ni和Mn元素的总量,并测定了沉积物中有机质的含量,运用SPSS软件分析了各重金属总量与有机质之间的相互关系。结果表明:罗布泊"大耳朵"地区盐壳层沉积物中Pb含量的变化范围在2.57~58.63 mg/kg,Cu含量的变化范围在6.33~39.65 mg/kg,Ni含量的变化范围在5.55~46.33 mg/kg,Mn含量的变化范围在46.33~1474.60 mg/kg;除Pb的垂直分布随着深度的增加其含量减少并趋于稳定外,重金属Cu、Ni和Mn的总量在各剖面垂直方向上大部分呈波折多峰行分布,分布趋势差异较大;重金属Pb、Cu、Ni和Mn与有机质都存在显著相关性。 相似文献
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137.
山东省地下水资源分布不均,各地开发利用程度差别较大.本文论述了近年来该省地下水在开发利用过程中存在的问题及其对环境的影响,提出了合理开发地下水资源的对策与措施. 相似文献
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139.
Multivariate statistical characterization of water quality in Lake Lanier, Georgia, USA 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Watershed monitoring programs depend on water quality characterization data collected for many parameters, at many times and places, and with limited resources. Our objective is to present a strategy that reduces the measured parameters, locations, and frequency without compromising the quality of the monitoring program. One year of twice-monthly (growing season) and monthly (dormant season) water quality data collected from 17 lake and 10 tributary sites are used in conjunction with multivariate statistical techniques to improve the utility of collected data by identifying key parameters and monitoring locations. Factor analysis shows that tributary water quality data consists of three components-stormwater runoff, municipal and industrial discharges, and ground water-which can be distinguished using total suspended solids, total dissolved solids, and alkalinity plus soluble reactive P, respectively. Lake water quality characterization is more ambiguous than tributary water quality characterization, but factor analysis indicates that anoxia associated with lake stratification is the largest source of lake water quality variation, followed by nutrient abundance, and finally by biomass abundance. Cluster analysis suggests that tributary and lake monitoring stations can be consolidated. Reducing the number of parameters and stations frees up resources for increased monitoring elsewhere. 相似文献
140.
庞云生 《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2002,12(1):23-25
文章首先对我国海洋环境保护现状进行了分析,然后通过对秦皇岛市海洋环境保护统一协调管理机制的探讨,提出了解决目前涉海地区普遍存在的“多头管海”,又“无人管海”这一制的海洋环境保护工作发展问题的途径。 相似文献