Spatial variations of Pb in the vertical zone of the soil-plant system in the Changbai Mountain National Nature Reserve

The characteristics of vertical and horizontal variations of lead element (Pb) in soil-plant system of vertical zone in Changbai Mountain National Nature Reserve(CNNR)were studied.The results showed that Pb concentrations in soils of vertical zone are all above 25mg/kg,and the average Pb concentration of each soil zone negatively correlates its degree of variation,i.e.brown coniferous forest soil zone has the lowest average Pb concentration of four soil zones,and the highest horizontal variation;however,mountain soddy forest soil has the highest average Pb concentration,and the lowest horizontal variation;the average concentration of plant Pb of each plant zone is lower than the worldwide average level of Pb in plant(Clarke),respectively,and plant Pb content order is consistent with soil Pb content order,but their horizontal variations are different from those in soil zones,the variation of mountain tundra forest zone is highest,but Betula ermanii forest zoner the lowest.Vertical variation of plant Pb is obviously higher than that in soils with variation coefficient of 89.76%;the enrichment capability of plant for Pb is depended on the plant types and the different organs of plant;parent material and parent rock,pH values,soil organic matter and soil particle fraction etc.are the main factors influencing variations of Pb contant in soil-plant system of vertical zone in CNNR.     

Mechanism studies on nitrogen removal when treating ammonium-rich leachate by sequencing batch biofilm reactor

The nitrogen removal mechanism was studied and analyzed when treating the ammonium-rich landfill leachate by a set of sequencing batch biofilm reactors (SBBRs), which was designed independently. At the liquid temperature of (32 ± 0.4)°C, and after a 58-days domestication period and a 33-days stabilization period, the efficiency of ammonium removal in the SBBR went up to 95%. Highly frequent intermittent aeration suppressed the activity of nitratebacteria, and also eliminated the influence on the activity of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) bacteria and nitritebacteria. This influence was caused by the accumulation of nitrous acid and the undulation of pH. During the aeration stage, the concentration of dissolved oxygen was controlled at 1.2–1.4 mg/L. The nitritebacteria became dominant and nitrite accumulated gradually. During the anoxic stage, along with the concentration debasement of the dissolved oxygen, ANAMMOX bacteria became dominant; then, the nitrite that was accumulated in the aeration stage was wiped off with ammonium simultaneously. Translated from Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2006, 26(1): 55–60 [译自: 环境科学学报]     

湖泊富营养化的灰色层次决策法综合评价

应用灰色统计决策、灰色局势效益和灰色聚类分析等多层次决策,对湖泊富营养化进行综合评价。研究表明,本法应用于18个湖泊富营养化的评价结果,与Fuzzy-Grey法评价结果一致。     

活性炭在高浓度有机废水处理中的应用

高浓度有机废水是难治理的工业废水.活性炭因其特殊的应用性能,在该类废水治理中得到较广泛的应用.在此就活性炭在高浓度有机废水中的应用研究作了归纳总结.并对其应用前景进行了展望.     

中、缅、印交界地区(东喜马拉雅山-横断山) 生物多样性保护研究

在中、缅、印交界的２９．１万ｋｍ＾２区域内，可区划为６种类型区。为保护生物多样性庆在云南境内扩建和新建一批自然区，在三国交界区域建立中、缅、印国际自然保护区，并在缅甸葡萄城建核心地带管理所，在中国昆明建立东喜马拉雅山－横断山揿样性保护中心。中心对本区域内不同类型生态系统的时空分布进行宏观研究，初步确认具有全球意义的原生态区与生态系统，探索跨国界的区域性生物多样性保护与管理途径。     

对征收噪声超标排污费问题的探讨

企业改革运行机制后，一个生产场所会出现多个企业并存，由此引发复合噪声源厂界的界定及超标排污费的计征等问题。应从广义上界定噪声源厂界并分清各排污单位的噪声污染责任，根据不同情况采取不同的超标排污费收费标准计征。     

含鱼腥藻水溶液中17α-乙炔雌二醇光降解

研究了含鱼腥藻 Anabaena HB10 1水溶液中 17α-乙炔雌二醇在 2 5 0 W高压汞灯光照下的光降解 ,并进行了动力学分析 ,研究结果表明 ,水溶液中鱼腥藻 Anabaena HB10 1能促进 17α-乙炔雌二醇光降解 ,随着水溶液中鱼腥藻Anabaena HB10 1的浓度增大 ,其光降解效率也增大 ,表明了鱼腥藻对 17α-乙炔雌二醇光降解有明显的催化作用。同时也研究了在紫外光下的光降解情况 ,结果表明其光降解效率比高压汞灯光照下的光降解效率高 ,总体上讲 ,藻具有催化光降解作用。探讨分析了鱼腥藻 Anabaena HB10 1催化 17α-乙炔雌二醇光降解的作用与机理。     

废水生物处理技术研究进展

分析了废水生物处理的特点和废水生物处理反应器的发展概况，对废水生物处理技术的新进展作了简要的介绍，并列举了一些典型例子。     

西安城市交通干道汽车污染物排放因子

在西安城市交通隧道内设３ 个空气监测点，对通过隧道的汽车排气形成的污染物浓度、隧道内风速、过往隧道的交通量进行采样、观测和统计。根据实测数据用大气扩散方程求得西安城市道路汽车平均单车 Ｃ Ｏ、 Ｈ Ｃ 和 Ｎ Ｏｘ 排放因子分别为３３２７９ ±１２１５８ 、３５７７ ±１８１６ 和４６０５ ±１９８１ ｍｇ／ｍ·ｖｅｈ 。与国外的成果相比，中国城市道路汽车 Ｃ Ｏ 和 Ｈ Ｃ 排放因子分别是国外发达国家汽车排放因子的２ ～９ 倍和３ ～９ 倍，而中国城市汽车 Ｎ Ｏｘ 排放因子约为发达国家汽车排放因子的二分之一。