H(+)/phenanthrene symporter and aquaglyceroporin are implicated in phenanthrene uptake by wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) roots

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous organic pollutants that are toxic to human and nonhuman organisms. Dietary intake of PAHs is a dominant route of exposure for the general population because food crops are a major source of dietary PAHs. The mechanism for crop root uptake of PAHs remains unclear. Here we reveal that wheat root uptake of PAHs involves active and passive processes. The passive uptake is mercury and glycerol dependent. Mercury and glycerol inhibit uptake, indicating that aquaglyceroporins sensitive to mercury contribute to passive uptake. Active uptake is mediated by a phenanthrene/H symporter. The electrical response of wheat roots triggered by phenanthrene consists of two sequential phases: depolarization followed by repolarization. The depolarization is phenanthrene concentration dependent, with saturation kinetics that have an apparent of K(m) 10.8 μmol L(-1). As uptake proceeds, external solution pH increase is noticed. Lower pH favors the uptake. Vanadate and 2,4-dinitrophenol suppress the electrical response to phenanthrene and phenanthrene uptake, suggesting that plasma membrane H(+)-ATPase is involved in the establishment of an electrochemical proton gradient acting as a driving force for active uptake. Therefore, it is suggested that aquaglyceroporin and phenanthrene/H symporter are implicated in phenanthrene uptake. Our results provide insight into PAH uptake mechanism in wheat roots that is relevant to strategies for reducing PAH accumulation in wheat for food safety, improving phytoremediation of PAH-contaminated soils or water by agronomic practices and genetic modification to target remedial plants for higher PAH uptake capacity.     

2种新分离微藻的生长、氮磷去除和营养特性的比较研究

为了解2种新分离微藻的净化和资源化潜力,研究比较了其生长、氮磷去除和营养特性。结果表明,栅藻和月牙藻的最大生物量（干重）分别为0．78g／L和0．53g／L;最大生物量（干重）增长速率分别为0．05g／（L·d）和0．03g／（L·d）。培养至第23天,栅藻和月牙藻对TN的去除率分别为85．1％和72．5％;对TP的去除率为82．6％和79．7％,但栅藻较月牙藻更易释放较多的No2--N进入藻液。稳定期时,栅藻、月牙藻的粗蛋白质含量和粗蛋白产量（干重）分别为31．8％、19．2％和0．24g／L、0．09g／L;粗脂含量和粗脂产量（干重）分别为7．81％、9．26％和0．06g／L、0．05g／L。综上,与月牙藻相比,栅藻具有明显的生长、氮磷去除和营养优势,在进行水产养殖废水的净化和资源化利用上可作为优选藻种。     

秦皇岛港建设绿色企业文化探析

建设绿色企业文化是秦皇岛港实现绿色发展的前提,对港口的发展有深远的意义和重要作用.秦皇岛港应从强化领导意识、提高职工素质、完善绿色制度体系、构建绿色企业形象等方面入手建设港口绿色企业文化.     

Solid waste characterization and recycling potential for a university campus

Integrated waste management systems are one of the greatest challenges for sustainable development. For these systems to be successful, the first step is to carry out waste characterization studies. In this paper are reported the results of a waste characterization study performed in the Campus Mexicali I of the Autonomous University of Baja California (UABC). The aim of this study was to set the basis for implementation of a recovery, reduction and recycling waste management program at the campus. It was found that the campus Mexicali I produces 1ton of solid wastes per day; more than 65% of these wastes are recyclable or potentially recyclable. These results showed that a program for segregation and recycling is feasible on a University Campus. The study also showed that the local market for recyclable waste, under present conditions - number of recycling companies and amounts of recyclables accepted - can absorb all of these wastes. Some alternatives for the potentially recyclables wastes are discussed. Finally some strategies that could be used to reduce waste at the source are discussed as well.     

盐酸溶液改性蛭石对气态单质汞的吸附性能

采用盐酸溶液对蛭石进行浸渍处理,考察了盐酸溶液改性蛭石对气态单质汞的吸附能力。研究结果表明：盐酸溶液改性蛭石对气态单质汞的吸附效果好于未改性蛭石,盐酸浓度为4．0mol／L时,盐酸溶液改性蛭石对气态单质汞的吸附效果较佳;进气中气态单质汞的质量浓度越高,盐酸溶液改性蛭石对气态单质汞的去除率越低;适当提高吸附温度对盐酸溶液改性蛭石吸附气态单质汞较有利;降低蛭石粒径,盐酸溶液改性蛭石对气态单质汞的去除率提高。     

对重庆城镇网络建设的探讨

在分析重庆直辖市城镇化现状的基础上,针对重庆城镇网络中存在的问题,依据重庆发展城镇网络的优势,提出了建立新的城镇网络扔基本思路和构想,相关的对策与建议。     

官厅水库和永定河沉积物中多氯联苯和有机氯农药的污染

利用气相色谱-电子捕获检测(GC-ECD)方法对官厅水库-永定河流域沉积物中26种多氯联苯(PCBs)同系物和13种有机氯农药进行了分析测定,在4个采样点均检出多氯联苯和部分有机氯农药.其中PCBs和有机氯农药总量的最高点均出现在永定河下游的三家店,分别为9.7ng*g-1和26.7ng*g-1,按照国际关于沉积物质量的同类研究结果,判定为轻度污染水平.HCH最高仅为4.50ng*g-1,属轻度污染,DDT浓度以八号桥和三家店样点最高,分别为23.2ng*g-1和26.7ng*g-1,属中度污染.有机氯农药总量分布为三家店＞八号桥＞官厅大坝＞雁翅,表明永定河下游多氯联苯和有机氯农药不仅来自官厅上游,也来自下游地区.     

Characteristics and assessment of phthalate esters in urban dusts in Guangzhou city, China

Phthalate esters (PAEs) were examined in indoor and outdoor dust samples from the subtropical city of Guangzhou, China. The ∑(16)PAEs concentrations ranged from 121 to 3,223 μg g(-1) dust, with the median concentration of 840 μg g(-1) dust. Significantly higher concentrations of PAEs in dust samples were found in offices where electrical and electronic devices, carpet pads, and office furniture were widely used. Of the 16 PAEs, diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) dominated the PAEs in indoor and outdoor dust samples, and accounted for >96.8% and >93.1% of the ∑(16)PAEs concentrations, respectively. The median daily inhalation exposure of ∑(16)PAEs were 3.53 and 0.247 μg kg(-1) body weight day(-1), and at the 95(th) percentile were 7.62 and 0.530 μg kg(-1) body weight day(-1), up on the measured concentrations and estimated dust ingestion rates, respectively, for toddles and adults. The ubiquitous distribution of PAEs as noted in this study suggests the need for detailed assessment of PAEs concentrations using more sites and to further investigate the factors influencing PAEs exposure in China.     

Differences in the Spatial Distribution and Chemical Composition of PM10 Between the UK and Poland

The Fine Resolution Atmospheric Multi-pollutant Exchange Model was used to calculate the spatial distribution and chemical composition of PM₁₀ concentrations for two geographically remote countries in Europe—the UK and Poland—for the year 2007. These countries are diverse in terms of pollutant emissions as well as climate conditions. Information on the contribution of natural and anthropogenic as well as national and imported particles in total PM₁₀ concentrations in both countries is presented. The paper shows that the modelled national annual average PM₁₀ concentrations, calculated for the entire country area, are similar for the UK and Poland and close to 12 μg m^?3. Secondary inorganic aerosols dominate the total PM₁₀ concentrations in Poland. Primary particulate matter has the greatest contribution to total PM₁₀ in the UK, with large contribution of base cations. Anthropogenic sources predominate (81 %) in total PM₁₀ concentrations in Poland, whereas natural prevail in the UK—hence, the future reduction of PM₁₀ air concentrations by emissions reduction could be more difficult in the UK than in Poland.