我国商用厨房火灾危险分析及对策研究

烹饪操作特点及食用油燃烧特性决定了商用厨房火灾呈现的特定危害规律,因此必须采用专门规范和技术加以防治。针对我国商用厨房消防安全现状,分析其火灾危险特点,探讨商用厨房消防监管的不足,在研究商用厨房灭火技术发展的基础上,提出加强商用厨房消防安全和健全商用厨房法规体系的对策及建议,建议从主动灭火和被动防火两方面,完善现有的灭火系统和厨具设备消防安全规范,加强商用厨房本质型消防安全,为通风系统和排油烟系统等火灾高发区域的消防安全提供了新手段。     

依托建筑行业特色,优化安全学科建设

简介全国及省内高校安全学科建设发展的概况,重点分析安徽建筑工业学院开办的安全学科课程体系,探讨其安全学科建设中有待解决和完善的地方,指出通过逐步完善课程体系来优化安全学科建设,并提出建筑特色的安全学科培养体系和优化安全学科建设的新理念,为学院进一步明确坚持"发挥优势,协调发展,特色取胜"的办学思路及"规模、结构、质量、效益、特色"的基本发展方针提供一定的参考;同时为丰富和发展我国安全学科建设,推动安全工程专业教育提供了新理念以及宝贵的实践经验。实践证明,依托建筑行业特色,以建筑安全为主线的课程体系培养的毕业生得到了用人单位好评,学生就业供不应求。     

危险品运输实时监控及应急救援服务平台构建

针对我国危险品运输监管及应急救援现状,提出构建"危险品运输实时监控及应急救援服务平台"的技术方案。设计了平台系统的技术框架,介绍装载于危险品运输车辆之上的"监控终端"以及应急救援车辆之上的"智能终端"的基本功能,并以环保部门为例阐述了服务平台与危险废物监管政务平台之间的数据交换及功能耦合,以及利用服务平台开展危险品运输事故应急救援联动流程。该平台可望解决"危险品运输多部门监管数据不一致以及多部门联动应急救援调度困难"这一实际问题。     

关于植物中氟化物测定结果的计算

针对植物中氟化物测定时由于绘制校准曲线的标准溶液体积与分析样品的定容体积不一样而引出的结果计算时的某些问题,提出了正确的计算方法和建议。     

Background levels and dietary intake of PCDD/Fs in domestic and imported meat in South Korea

A survey was conducted in South Korea to determine residual levels and dietary intake of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) from meat. Altogether 119 domestic and 164 imported samples of beef, pork, and chicken were examined. The mean levels of PCDD/Fs in upper bound were 0.21, 0.22, and 0.04pg WHO-TEQ/g fat for beef, pork, and chicken, respectively. The low level of PCDD/Fs in chicken probably resulted from the low fat content in the samples used. The samples were separated into domestic and imported products in order to investigate the sources of contamination. PCDFs were the more dominant congeners in domestic beef and were similar to those found from emission of incineration. However, the congener profiles of domestic beef and incineration were difficult to compare because the environmental fate and animal metabolism were involved. The upper bound dietary intake of PCDD/Fs from beef, pork and chicken was calculated to be 0.04pg/WHO-TEQ/kgbw/day. The combined consumption of beef, pork, and chicken was found to be 84.8g per day for a person weighing 60kg and represented 5.7% of their total daily food intake.     

Reliable evidences that the removal mechanism of hexavalent chromium by natural biomaterials is adsorption-coupled reduction

For the last few decades, over 200 papers have been published in the Cr(VI) biosorption research field. Most early studies have claimed that Cr(VI) was removed from aqueous phase through an anionic adsorption, but this approach has been lost old original position. It has been newly explained that these findings were misinterpreted due to errors in measuring the concentrations of different chromium species in the aqueous phase, insufficient contact time required for equilibrium and the lack of information about the oxidation state of the chromium bound to biomaterials. Although 'adsorption-coupled reduction' is now widely accepted as the mechanism of Cr(VI) biosorption by natural biomaterials, a number of researchers still believe that Cr(VI) is removed by anionic adsorption onto the biomaterials. Therefore, the objective of this study was to show reliable evidences that the removal mechanism of Cr(VI) by natural biomaterials is 'adsorption-coupled reduction'. Sixteen natural biomaterials were used to study the Cr(VI) biosorption. Not only Cr(VI) but also total Cr in the aqueous phase were analyzed. X-ray photoelectron spectroscope was also used to verify the oxidation state of the chromium bound to the biomaterials. Finally, the removal behavior of Cr(VI) by each biomaterial was described by a kinetic model based on a redox reaction.     

从伦理教育看安全工程师职业道德

为强化安全工程师职业道德的培养,从道德问题的敏感性和处理工程伦理问题的技巧入手,将伦理教育引入职业道德教育,使安全工程师在道德层面上恪守客观公正的执业要义,并分析他们因遵守职业道德规范所遭受的非正义压力情形,提出建立职业投诉机制.针对树立生命安全的责任观,提出唤醒安全工程师对生命敬畏教育和关怀伦理教育,构建了以"道德规范驾驭职业服务"的安全工程师职业道德培养机制,并给出了职业道德培养的有效方法.     

安全生产风险预警探讨

以实现风险预警理论及技术在实际生产过程中的应用为目的,通过在油气初加工企业建立并实施安全生产风险预警的实践,讨论了安全生产风险预警机制的具体建立及实施过程,进一步探讨了风险辨识及评价的模式和方法及风险预警流程.     

城市公用管道安装监检中安全性的探讨

本文通过对城市公用管道工程的施工质量进行安装监检,结合发现的问题,指出了高压管道应重视材料验收和焊接施工组织;中压管道应防止对接焊缝微小缺陷的漏检;可采用先进仪器加强防腐质量检测的监检,督促安装单位在安装过程中做好防腐工作;钢套钢热水网直埋管道的安装监检应针对施工的特点来开展。从安全性和实用性的角度提出了有针对性的具体措施,具有可操作性。