环渤海湾诸河口潜在生态风险评价

简要介绍了Hak■nson的生态风险指数法,并用该法对环渤海湾诸河口采集的19处底泥样品分析了汞、砷、铜、锌和铅对水域的污染程度及其对水域造成的潜在生态风险影响.结果表明,除海河口污染程度和潜在生态风险略高外,环渤海湾其他河口重金属及砷污染程度及其对水域造成的潜在生态风险较低.从环渤海湾诸河口总的污染程度看,各污染物对生态风险影响程度从大到小的顺序为:Hg＞As＞Cu＞Pb＞Zn.      

典型航空印刷电路板盐雾环境腐蚀损伤规律研究

针对盐雾环境对航空电子产品腐蚀的突出作用,研究了典型航空印刷电路板在盐雾环境中的腐蚀（损伤）特征,并与印刷电路板的海洋大气环境效应进行了对比分析,获取了典型航空印刷电路板盐雾环境腐蚀（损伤）机理,建立了航空印刷电路板腐蚀（损伤）随盐雾环境作用时间的演变规律。     

安徽电网环境现状调查及建议

简单介绍了安徽电网的基本概况,重点分析了具有代表性变电站和输电线路附近敏感区域的工频电场强度、工频磁场强度、无线电干扰、噪声等,全面评价安徽电网环境状况,指出存在的问题,并提出了相应的建议.     

Correlation of climatic factors and dengue incidence in Metro Manila, Philippines

Dengue is a serious public health problem in Metro Manila, Philippines. Increasing dengue incidence has been attributed to climate change; however, contradicting reports show inconclusive relationships between dengue and climatic factors. This study investigates temperature and rainfall as climatic factors affecting dengue incidence in Metro Manila from 1996 to 2005. Monthly dengue incidence and climatic data for Metro Manila were collected over a 10-y period (1996-2005). Climatic factors temperature and rainfall were linked with dengue incidence through regression analysis. A predictive model equation plots dengue incidence (Y) versus rainfall (X), which suggests that rainfall is significantly correlated to dengue incidence (r2 = 0.377, p < 0.05). No significant correlation between dengue incidence and temperature was established (p > 0.05). Evidence shows dengue incidence in Metro Manila varies with changing rainfall patterns. Intensified surveillance and control of mosquitoes during periods with high rainfall are recommended.     

Relationship of PCDD/Fs congener profiles between beef and raw milk in South Korea

The relationship between profiles of residual PCDD/Fs in beef and raw milk was examined by measuring concentrations and detected frequencies. Unrelated samples of beef and raw milk were collected from nine regions in South Korea. Congener-specific profiles of PCDD/Fs in beef and raw milk were very similar. PCDFs, particularly 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF, 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF, 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDF, and 2,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDF, were dominant congeners in both beef and raw milk suggesting that sources of contamination may not significantly differ nationwide. The profiles of PCDD/Fs in domestic beef and raw milk in this study were closer to the profiles of emission from metal industries although Korea imports over 75% of feedingstuffs. The ratios of PCDF/PCDD in TEQ concentration were more than 5 and 15 in beef and raw milk, respectively. The mean concentrations of PCDD/Fs in 60 samples of beef and 60 samples of raw milk were 0.80 pg WHO-TEQ/g fat and 0.65 pg WHO-TEQ/g fat, respectively. The residual profiles of PCDD/Fs in raw milk resembled that in beef although the congener profiles might change throughout the food chain. This indicated that monitoring of dioxins in milk could provide information for contamination of milk itself or other associated food.     

Characterizing effects of uncertainties in MSW composting process through a coupled fuzzy vertex and factorial-analysis approach

A coupled fuzzy vertex and factorial-analysis approach was developed in this study for systematically characterizing effects of uncertainties in a municipal solid waste composting process. A comprehensive composting process model was also embedded into the system framework and used to address substrate decomposition and biomass growth, as well as the interactions between moisture contents, temperatures, and oxygen concentrations. The applicability of the proposed method was verified through a custom-made pilot-scale composting system. Results from fuzzy simulation indicated that the fuzzy vertex method could effectively communicate implicit knowledge into dynamic simulations and thus provide valuable information for enhancing composting process control under uncertainty. The factorial analysis was effective in quantifying the proportion to which the uncertainty of each single or interactive effect of model parameters contributes to the overall uncertainty of the system outcomes. Thus, sensitive parameters that may lead to errors or unreasonable predictions can be determined. The proposed study system could not only be used in characterizing combined effects of uncertainties for composting processes, but was also applicable to many other environmental modelling systems.     

中国煤电和核电的环境影响与健康风险比较

将煤电与核电的环境影响和健康风险从全燃料链角度进行比较 ,结果表明 ,煤电燃料链的环境影响和健康风险比核电燃料链大。     

西部地区加快开发应当克服“资源近视症”

本文从分析我国传统的经济增长方式入手,通过对资源近视症”的表现及后果的分析,提出西部西地区,特别是西部少数民族地区只有树立全面的资源观,立足优势,面向市场,抓住机遇,合理开发资源和利用资源,才能走出一条符合本民族,本地区实际的可持续发展之路。     

物元理论在区域减灾中的应用

物元分析是解决矛盾问题的规律和方法,是系统科学,思维科学和数学的交叉学科,本文通过具体的事例分析说明自然灾害研究具有发散性,可扩性,相关性的共轭性的特点,鉴于自然灾害的特性,提出了减灾工作应在传统理论研究的基础上,应用物元理论采用可拓学的方法。     

离子色谱法测定大气中的甲磺酸

建立了以玻璃纤维膜-KB120气溶胶采样器采集大气中甲磺酸的采样方法;以0.1mmol·l-1H3BO3/0.1mmol·l-1 Na2B4O7为淋洗液的甲磺酸离子色谱分析方法.分析方法的精密度和准确度分别为5%和4%.并实测了青岛冬季大气气溶胶中MSA,SO2-4和NO-3的平均浓度分别为0.10μg·m-3,30.40μg·m -3和17.98μg·m-3.