监控完全遮挡场景下火焰特征分析方法*

为解决监控完全遮挡场景下火灾原因认定面临的问题,探究火焰的视频特征分析方法。利用油盘火、垃圾桶火焰和短路火花3种实体火焰模拟室内火灾,布置普通彩色CCD监控摄像头使之被完全遮挡,收集火灾视频进行预处理,利用视频分析技术提取、对比、分析油盘火焰、垃圾桶火焰和短路火花的HSV颜色、火焰面积增长、质心变化、Harris角点变化、火焰频闪等特征,并总结对应特征变化规律。结果表明:在监控完全遮挡场景下,提出的火焰视频特征分析方法可以较为精确地定量表征火焰动静态特征,为火灾调查工作的顺利开展提供有力的工具。     

基于SEIMR的矿工不安全行为传播模型研究

为防控矿工不安全行为的传播,减少煤矿安全事故的发生,采用传播动力学方法,在传染病模型的基础上提出并构建了易染-潜伏-传播-管控-免疫(SEIMR)传播模型,借助MATLAB软件演化不同状态下矿工人群之间的动态转化关系,模拟转化率对矿工不安全行为传播过程的影响.结果表明,SEIMR模型能够较好地反映矿工不安全行为的传播过程,恶化率、改善率、醒悟率及遗忘率等因素对矿工不安全行为传播有不同程度的影响,提高改善率和醒悟率可以抑制不安全行为的传播,提高恶化率和遗忘率可以促进不安全行为的传播.因此,在煤矿企业安全管理中,可通过调节控制这些因素来预测和干预不安全行为的传播.     

烟气脱硫剂制浆系统一体化设计及应用

石灰石粉制浆系统是石灰石-石膏湿法烟气脱硫工艺中脱硫剂浆液干式制备系统的一个主要部分。针对石灰石粉制浆系统传统设计的不足,提出了石灰石浆液罐与粉仓一体化设计的优化方案,具有节省投资、占地小、设计简单紧凑、系统可靠和寿命长的优点,尤其适合我国老小燃煤机组烟气脱硫改造工程。目前已成功应用于多个烟气脱硫工程。     

Relation of hepatic EROD activity and cytochrome P4501A level in Sebastiscus marmoratus exposed to benzo[a]pyrene

This study was designed to investigate the in vivo effects of benzo[a]pyrene （BaP） on hepatic ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase （EROD） activity and its correlation with cytochrome P4501A （CYP1A） protein levels in Sebastiscus marmoratus, which were exposed through a water column to BaP （10, 100, 1000 ng/L, respectively） or were treated with intraperitoneal injections of BaP （0.5, 1, 5, 10 mg/kg, respectively） every 7 d. The results showed that after 25 d of waterborne exposure to 1000 ng/L BaP, fish hepatic CYP1A levels and EROD activity were significantly induced. In contrast, EROD activity was not altered 7 d after second intraperitoneal injections, whereas, CYP1A protein levels were increased. Dose-dependent increase of biliary BaP metabolites demonstrated that the catalytic activity of CYP1A was induced by treatment with BaP. The lowest observable effect concentration with regard to biliary BaP metabolites （100 ng/L） was much lower than that with reference to EROD activity （1000 ng/L）. The results suggest that biliary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon （PAH） metabolites were shown to better reflect the contamination gradients of PAHs than EROD activity. It appeared to be necessary to measure CYP1A protein levels to complement the EROD activity in relevant toxicological assessments.     

Decomposition of hexachlorobenzene over Al2O3 supported metal oxide catalysts

Decomposition of hexachlorobenzene(HCB)was investigated over several metal oxides(i.e.,MgO,CaO,BaO,La2O3,CeO2,MnO2, Fe2O3,and Co3O4)supported on Al2O3,which was achieved in closed system at a temperature of 300°C.Catalysts were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation with different metal oxides loading and impregnating solvents.The decomposition effciency of different catalysts for this reaction depends on the nature of the metal oxide used,and Al2O3 supported La2O3 was found to be the most active one.Pe...     

Toxic effects of fluoranthene and copper on marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum

To investigate the effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and metals on the population reproduction,antioxidative defense system and cell ultrastructure of the marine diatom,fluoranthene and Cu2+ were selected to test their toxicity to Phaeodactylum tricorntum,in the laboratory.The results indicated that both fluoranthene and Cu2+ inhibited population reproduction of P.tricorntum.When the algal cells were exposed to fluoranthene or Cu2+ for 72 h,ultrastructure damage in the cells was observed un...     

广东大宝山矿区周围土壤重金属污染状况评价

在大宝山矿区及周边四个区域(Ⅰ区、Ⅱ区、Ⅲ区和Ⅳ区)共采集土壤表层样品52件。针对不同采样点和不同区段的整体研究,文章在单因子指数的基础上对研究区重金属复合污染分别采用内梅罗指数和综合污染负荷法综合进行研究。矿区土壤中重金属元素污染程度有差异,其中Cr、Ni、Hg、Sn、Pb、Zn、As等重金属元素无或轻污染,Cu、Cd等则对该区土壤环境有较大影响。研究矿区内4个地段土壤重金属污染的总体状况研究结果显示,Ⅳ区(矿部区)土壤污染最为严重,其次为Ⅲ区(鸡笼铺区)和Ⅰ区(沙溪镇区),Ⅱ区(梅子坑区)相对较轻。     

城市高污染燃料禁燃区规划方法及案例研究

在总结高污染燃料禁燃区实际规划过程中的经验、参考已有的大气污染控制规划方法的基础上,针对目前高污染燃料禁燃区规划实践中的不足,将情景分析法、模型分析法以及地理信息系统技术(GIS)应用于规划中,提出并发展了一套解决城市或地区高污染燃料禁燃区规划的整体技术方案,并通过该方法体系在珠海市高污染燃料禁燃区规划中的实际案例分析,显示了该方法的可行性与可操作性,为全国其他城市的高污染燃料禁燃区的合理规划提供了一个实例和参考。     

我国火电厂脱硫技术的发展及应用现状

我国电力生产以火力发电为主,是废气污染物SO2的主要排放源之一。随着我国最新的《火电厂大气污染物控制排放标准》和《大气污染防治法》的颁布实施,国内对SO2的排放控制日趋严格。本文综述了目前我国火电厂脱硫技术的发展及应用现状,同时也指出了今后我国火电厂脱硫技术需要加强的主要方面。