沈阳市恶臭控制标准的研究

本文概述了沈阳市恶臭控制标准的制定原则、方法和程序,重点阐述了标准有关要素的础定方法,给出了恶臭厂界环境标准和恶臭排放标准的感官指标控制值和五种典型恶臭物质浓度(或排放量)指标控制值.     

全国环境区划技术方法探讨

本文对全国环境区划的原则、指标、分区方法,等级单位划分等问题进行了探讨     

~(134)Cs在水相生态系中的行为——~(134)Cs在水-萍-底泥中的消长与分配

~(134)Cs在水-萍-底泥系统中的消长遵循指数回归形式;萍能从水体中吸收~(134)Cs,并富集在其体内.萍种间的富集能力有差异,其中,小叶满江红>满江红>蕨状满江红>浮萍>卡州满江红,底泥对水体中的~(134)Cs有很强的吸附能力,从而减少萍对水体中Cs的吸收量;在适当的土水比下,底泥能有效地去除水体中的~(134)Cs;钾离子能抑制萍对~(134)Cs的吸收.     

城市生活垃圾堆肥对水稻生长和土壤的影响

利用城市生活垃圾堆肥作为肥料,采用水培法和土培法对水稻生长和土壤的影响进行了试验研究。结果表明,施用城市生活垃圾堆肥明显提高了水稻的生长量,增加了水稻植株茎叶中硅的含量;降低了糙米中有毒元素镉的含量;改变了土壤的酸度,增强了土壤的肥力;水稻植株和土壤中某些有害元素的含量略有增加,但远低于环境的允许值。     

辽宁省环境区划方法和分区系统

根据全省自然环境和社会环境结构特征、分异规律、所存在的主要环境问题,依据区内相似性与区间差异性的基本原则,进行了三个层次的三级环境区划。研究各环境区的环境结构、环境特征与环境灾害、环境污染等问题之间的内在联系;揭示生态环境失调与人类生产活动之间的相互关系;探讨各环境区经济发展的环境负荷以及今后发展方向与途径;提出各环境区主要环境问题及其相应的防治、管理对策。     

Mating System and Sexual Selection in the Scorpionfly Panorpa vulgaris (Mecoptera: Panorpidae)

Panorpa vulgaris   has become a model insect for testing theories of sexual selection. This contribution summarizes that which has been learned in recent years and presents new data that clearly show that the mating system of P. vulgaris is not simply a resource-defense polygyny, as has previously been thought. In P. vulgaris neither the pattern in food exploitation nor the ratio of variance in the lifetime reproductive success of the two sexes is in accordance with that expected in resource defense polygynous mating systems. Lifetime mating duration is the most important proximate determinant of male fitness. Males employing alternative mating tactics obtain copulations of varying duration in relation to the following sequence: saliva secretion  1  food offering  1  no gift. The number of salivary masses which males provide to females during their lifetime is significantly correlated with the lifetime condition index. The condition index depends on the fighting prowess of males and their ability to find food items. Thus saliva secretion of Panorpa is considered a Zahavian handicap, which can serve as an honest quality indicator used by mating females. Our results confirm four main predictions of the indicator model of the theory of sexual selection: (a) the indicator signals high ecological quality of its bearer, (b) the indicator value increases with phenotypic quality, (c) the indicator value is positively correlated with the genetic quality affecting offspring fitness in a natural selection context, and (d) the quality indicator is more costly for low- than for high-quality individuals. The evolutionary consequences of the mating pattern and the sperm competition mechanism in P. vulgaris are discussed in the context the way in which sexual selection creates and maintains sperm mixing and the evolution of a promiscuous mating system.     

采取综合治理措施减少汽车排放污染

石油与汽车已成为一对密不可分的产生，彼此制约，相互促进，协调发展成为人类文明和社会进步不可缺少的物资和工具，随着石油和汽车工业的高速发展，它的负面效应威脸到人们的正常生活和国民经济的健康发展，因此必须采取综合治理措施制订国家，地方环保法规和排放标准，处理好石油，汽车和环境的关系，保持其协调，健康，快速发展。     

浦东新区大气气溶胶中碳颗粒的分布规律

采用元素相关性分析方法，找出浦东新区大气气溶胶中碳颗粒的污染源，确证该区大气中碳颗粒主要来自煤的燃烧。同时初步找出浦东新区大气中碳颗粒污染的时空分布和粒径分布规律，为改善浦东 新区大气污染状况提供依据。     

GdFeO3上CO氧化的Redox机理动力学

ＧｄＦｅＯ３用柠檬酸络合制备。用ＸＲＤ测定ＧｄＦｅＯ３为钙钛矿结构。用ＣＯ还原脉冲及用Ｏ２再氧化脉冲证实在ＧｄＦｅＯ３上ＣＯ氧化为Ｒｅｄｏｘ机理。用外循环流动无梯度反应顺研究了ＣＯ氧化稳态动力学。用正交设计法估计动力学方程中的参数。还原催化剂再氧化为控制步骤。