聚(丙烯酸-co-丙烯酰胺)/膨润土/腐植酸钠三维网络凝胶吸附剂对Cd2+吸附性能研究

制备了一种聚(丙烯酸-co-丙烯酰胺)/膨润土/腐植酸钠三维网络凝胶吸附剂,重点考察了吸附剂对Cd2+吸附的pH依赖性、吸附动力学和吸附等温线.结果表明,Cd2+溶液pH值对吸附容量有较大影响.在pH=8、吸附时间30 min、Cd2+溶液初始浓度0.02 mol/L和吸附剂用量0.10 g的条件下,吸附剂对Cd2+的饱和吸附量可达294.7 mg/g.与膨润土相比,三维网络凝胶吸附剂具有更高的吸附容量和更快的吸附速率.     

太阳光Fenton法处理垃圾渗滤液中有机污染物

研究利用太阳光Fenton法处理垃圾渗滤液。根据太阳光辐射强度随时间的变化规律,选择重庆7、8月份的晴天,在中午12：00到下午14：00时进行试验,研究太阳光辐射时间、pH值、Fenton试剂用量对垃圾渗滤液COD去除率的影响。研究结果表明：太阳光Fenton法对垃圾渗滤液的COD有较好的去除效果,COD去除率达86.2%。太阳光Fenton法处理垃圾渗滤液的优化条件是：日光辐射时间为120 min,pH值为2.5,Fe²⁺浓度为5 mmol/L,H₂O₂浓度为570 mmol/L。同时,论文还对太阳光Fenton法处理垃圾渗滤液的动力学进行分析。研究结果显示：太阳光Fenton法处理垃圾渗滤液,其表观动力学方程为-dC/dt=2.6×10^-8×P^1.92×F^1.79×E^1.67。     

海油陆采HSE管理初探＊

文章阐述了国内外海油陆采HSE管理现状,通过分析总结滩海油气生产设施从设计到投入使用全过程HSE管理经验,归纳整理出可借鉴的HSE管理技术,为中国石油海油陆采油田HSE文化的培育提供了有益的建议。     

活性炭在膜生物反应器中的应用研究进展

活性炭是一种非常优良的吸附剂,具有物理吸附和化学吸附的双重特性。本文介绍了近年来向膜生物反应器中投加活性炭的应用研究进展,表明投加活性炭可以提高膜生物反应器的处理效果,同时对改善膜污染有很好的效果。     

膜蒸馏技术在石化废水处理领域的应用进展

综述了一种新型分离技术——膜蒸馏技术在石化废水处理领域的应用现状,重点介绍了在高盐度废水处理和挥发性有机物废水处理两个方面的进展;指出膜蒸馏应用过程中存在的主要问题是膜污染;预测了膜蒸馏及其集成技术在废水处理领域的发展前景。     

活性碳纤维吸附处理对硝基苯酚生产废水

采用活性碳纤维(ACF)吸附处理对硝基苯酚(PNP)生产废水,考察了动态吸附和脱附过程.实验结果表明,在298 K、pH 4时,最佳进水流量为0.25 L/h,ACF的有效吸附量为439.3 mg/g,PNP去除率大于99.95%,TOC去除率大于99.5%,脱附率大于99.5%,ACF的吸附--脱附性能稳定.ACF吸附和电解相结合的工艺能有效去除废水中的有害物质,回收利用PNP和氯化钠,实现了PNP的清洁生产.     

小车式开关柜内接头过热故障与预防

近年来,小车式开关柜得到广泛的应用。本文通过对小车式开关柜的运行现状与接头过热故障的分析,指出了造成此类故障的主要原因,并对预防此类故障的方法进行了研究、分析,最后指出了可行、实用的监视方法。该方法在电网中的推广应用具有一定的意义。     

Distribution, sources, and potential risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in drinking water resources from Henan Province in middle of China

Distribution and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in drinking water resources have been carried out for the first time in Henan Province, China. Water samples collected from four river systems and their tributaries, as well as groundwater resources, were analyzed according to EPA method 525.2. Total of 68 water samples were collected in 18 cities in Henan province in May, August and November, 2001. Concentrations of sum of 16 priority PAHs in water samples ranged from 15 to 844 ng/L with a mean value of 178 +/- 210 ng/L (n = 68). The spatial and temporal distribution of PAHs showed that the Huanghe and the Huaihe river systems had relatively higher concentrations of total PAHs. Higher concentrations of total PAHs were observed in August and November than in May, with respective mean values of 262, 232 and 33.6 ng/L. Ratios of Ant/(Ant + Phe) and Flur/(Flur + Pyr) were calculated to evaluate the possible sources of PAH contamination, which indicated that the coal combustion sources were the main contributors to PAHs in most drinking water resources. Some petrogenic (or pyrolytic) sources of PAHs were also found. The toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) were used to calculate benzo[a]pyrene equivalents (BaPE) for water samples. The average value of BaPE was 0.6 ng/L. The values in most stations were much lower than the guideline values in drinking water of Chinese Environmental Protection Agency (CEPA, 2.8 ng/L) and the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA, 200 ng/L). Overall, the drinking water resources in Henan province showed some carcinogenic potential.     

胭脂红酸分光光度法测定废水中硼

用胭脂红酸分光光度法测定废水中的硼,着重进行了方法的条件和干扰试验。方法检测限为0.063mg/L,线性范围为0.21mg/L-1.25mg/L。5个实验室对5.00mg/L硼标准样品测得重复性相对标准差为3．4％,再次性相对标准差为3．6％;相对误差为－0．8％－1．4％,回收率在95．2％－104．6％之间。     

紫外分光光度法在水中阴离子表面活性剂标准样品研制中的应用

研究了阴离子表面活性剂水溶液的紫外吸收特性,并将研究结果用于阴离子表面活性剂水质标样的稳定性,均匀性和定值工作,简化了操作手续,获得了准确的分析结果。