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881.
Silvestre García de Jalón Silvia Silvestri Andrew P. Barnes 《Regional Environmental Change》2017,17(2):399-410
Livestock systems play an important role in the livelihoods of many rural communities in Sub-Saharan Africa while being responsible for an important share of human-induced greenhouse gas emissions. This study aimed to evaluate the potential for adoption of climate smart agricultural practices in Sub-Saharan livestock systems, related to the improvement in feed, animal husbandry, and grassland management. These practices present productivity and mitigation benefits and in some cases may also contribute to enhance resilience. In this study, we used a data set of 1538 farm households across nine Sub-Saharan countries. A mixed logit model was used to assess the influence on adoption and to estimate the probability of adoption. Our results show that there seems to be stronger influence of physical and financial capitals on adoption than the other capitals. Different types of capitals influence the uptake of different agricultural practices. Yet the probability of adoption would change across countries. The results of this study could help to refine adoption estimates calculated through global or regional modelling approaches and to inform the design of policies to better target investments in order to foster adoption. 相似文献
882.
Bortolotto Ieda Maria Hiane Priscila Aiko Ishii Iria Hiromi de Souza Paulo Robson Campos Raquel Pires Juraci Bastos Gomes Rosane Farias Cariolando da Silva Leme Flávia Maria de Oliveira Arruda Rosani do Carmo de Lima Corrêa da Costa Liana Baptista Damasceno-Junior Geraldo Alves 《Regional Environmental Change》2017,17(5):1329-1341
Regional Environmental Change - The conservation and use of wild food plants should include local people in the decision-making process, and many countries have done so. However, interacting with... 相似文献
883.
Simões Eliane de Sousa Junior Wilson C. de Freitas Débora M. Mills Morena Iwama Allan Y. Gonçalves Isabel Olivato Débora Fidelman Pedro 《Regional Environmental Change》2017,17(6):1739-1750
Regional Environmental Change - This paper examines barriers and opportunities for climate change adaptation in an urban coastal setting where adaptation is in its infancy. It draws on a diagnostic... 相似文献
884.
Alejandro Jim��nez Fern��ndez de Palencia Agust�� P��rez-Foguet 《Sustainability Science》2011,6(1):37-49
This paper examines the challenge of achieving a balance between the implementation of centrally designed pro-poor policies and the decentralization of responsibilities to local governments in many African countries. It analyzes the implementation of the Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Program in Tanzania. Key mechanisms for planning and allocating resources are analyzed at ministry, district, and village levels. Results show that a mixture of policy incoherencies, technical shortcomings and political influence determine that only a small proportion of funds reaches the underserved areas. We argue that a greater connection between the bottom-up and top-down planning mechanisms, and a sharp increase of downwards accountability are needed before decentralized decision-making result in better resources allocation. Meanwhile a bigger intervention from central government is needed. 相似文献
885.
Duarte Gilson Tristão de Alencar Nääs Irenilza da Silva Lima Nilsa Duarte 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(45):63989-63990
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org10.1007/s11356-021-13920-8 相似文献
886.
Chantal Deden Kornelia Neveling Dimitra Zafeiropopoulou Christian Gilissen Rolph Pfundt Tuula Rinne Nicole de Leeuw Brigitte Faas Thatjana Gardeitchik Suzanne C. E. H. Sallevelt Aimee Paulussen Servi J. C. Stevens Esther Sikkel Mariet W. Elting Merel C. van Maarle Karin E. M. Diderich Nicole Corsten-Janssen Klaske D. Lichtenbelt Guus Lachmeijer Lisenka E. L. M. Vissers Helger G. Yntema Marcel Nelen Ilse Feenstra Wendy A. G. van Zelst-Stams 《黑龙江环境通报》2020,40(8):972-983
Objective
The purpose of this study was to explore the diagnostic yield and clinical utility of trio-based rapid whole exome sequencing (rWES) in pregnancies of fetuses with a wide range of congenital anomalies detected by ultrasound imaging.Methods
In this observational study, we analyzed the first 54 cases referred to our laboratory for prenatal rWES to support clinical decision making, after the sonographic detection of fetal congenital anomalies. The most common identified congenital anomalies were skeletal dysplasia (n = 20), multiple major fetal congenital anomalies (n = 17) and intracerebral structural anomalies (n = 7).Results
A conclusive diagnosis was identified in 18 of the 54 cases (33%). Pathogenic variants were detected most often in fetuses with skeletal dysplasia (n = 11) followed by fetuses with multiple major fetal congenital anomalies (n = 4) and intracerebral structural anomalies (n = 3). A survey, completed by the physicians for 37 of 54 cases, indicated that the rWES results impacted clinical decision making in 68% of cases.Conclusions
These results suggest that rWES improves prenatal diagnosis of fetuses with congenital anomalies, and has an important impact on prenatal and peripartum parental and clinical decision making. 相似文献887.
Kouloukoui Daniel Marinho Marcia Mara de Oliveira Gomes Sônia Maria da Silva de Jong Pieter Kiperstok Asher Torres Ednildo Andrade 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2020,25(1):127-147
Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change - The corporate sector is one of the main emitters in the world due to the production process and therefore is identified as a major... 相似文献
888.
Stephanie Brittain Harriet Ibbett Emiel de Lange Leejiah Dorward Simon Hoyte Agnese Marino E. J. Milner-Gulland Julia Newth Sarobidy Rakotonarivo Diogo Veríssimo Jerome Lewis 《Conservation biology》2020,34(4):925-933
Social science is becoming increasingly important in conservation, with more studies involving methodologies that collect data from and about people. Conservation science is a normative and applied discipline designed to support and inform management and practice. Poor research practice risks harming participants and, researchers, and can leave negative legacies. Often, those at the forefront of field-based research are early-career researchers, many of whom enter their first research experience ill-prepared for the ethical conundrums they may face. We draw on our own experiences as early-career researchers to illuminate how ethical challenges arise during conservation research that involves human participants. Specifically, we considered ethical review procedures, conflicts of values, and power relations, and devised broad recommendations on how to navigate ethical challenges when they arise during research. In particular, we recommend researchers apply reflexivity (i.e., thinking that allows researchers to recognize the effect researchers have on the research) to help navigate ethical challenges and encourage greater engagement with ethical review processes and the development of ethical guidelines for conservation research that involves human participants. Such guidelines must be accompanied by the integration of rigorous ethical training into conservation education. We believe our experiences are not uncommon and can be avoided and hope to spark discussion to contribute to a more socially just conservation. 相似文献
889.
Aim
Injuries in adolescence are an important public health problem and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in this age group. This study aimed to determine the behaviour profile associated to risk of injury and the differences between genders, region and ethnic origin.Methods
A cross-sectional study design of a nationally representative sample of 1581 adolescents of the Portuguese Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children study.Results
An occurrence of one injury-related event in the previous year was reported by 21.4% of the respondents and 5.9% referred having more than one injury-related event. Boys reported higher frequency of those events when compared to girls, and non-Portuguese subjects referred higher frequency of events. Scoring higher in violence-related behaviour and psychosomatic complaints was associated to higher chances of referring more than one injury-related event.Conclusion
Gender, social background and behaviour profile are factors that seem to influence the risk of injuries. This information should guide those involved in the planning of injuries prevention programs in youth. 相似文献890.
Cynthia R. A. Mahl Thiago B. Taketa Rogério A. Bataglioli Eduardo José de Arruda Marisa M. Beppu 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2018,26(12):4338-4349
Chitosan (Chi) beads were conjugated with three different amino acids [namely, glutamic acid (GLU), methionine (MET), and taurine (TAU)] aiming to increase the divalent copper ions uptake in aqueous media. Scanning Electron Microscopy evidenced the development of a large porous structure after amino acid functionalization, associated with the increase in a number of amino groups in the polymer backbone. X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectra analyses were also employed to assess the conjugation of these three different amino acids in chitosan backbone. Adsorption experiments were conducted in a batch process, at 298 K, and kinetic data indicated a slightly better fitting for the pseudo-first-order model when compared to pseudo-second order. Intraparticle diffusion model suggested a three-step mechanism for Cu(II) adsorption kinetics, limited by the third step, the intraparticle diffusion. The isotherm data fitting to the traditional Langmuir and Freundlich models indicated a better fit for the former case. The amino acid conjugation resulted in the increase of the maximum adsorption capacity for Cu(II) from 1.30 mmol g?1 prior to amino acid conjugation to values as high as 2.31 mmol g?1, 2.40 mmol g?1 and 2.68 mmol g?1 for Chi–TAU, Chi–GLU, and Chi–MET, respectively. These results are attributed to the introduction of additional amino groups and new carboxylate and amino acid residues into the chitosan backbone, which might also be explored for amino acid demanding applications. 相似文献