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为了获取上海环境大气中二噁英类化合物(PCDD/Fs)的浓度水平、季节和空间变化,评估上海地区人群PCDD/Fs呼吸暴露风险,选取上海16个行政区域中44个市级环境大气监控点作为采样点位,利用被动采样技术采集2019年夏、冬季大气样品共83个,分析了其中17种2,3,7,8-PCDD/Fs的浓度。结果表明:(1)2019年上海大气中PCDD/Fs的质量浓度为136~3 939 fg/m3,对应的毒性当量浓度为11.84~94.9 fg WHO2005-TEQ/m3;(2)上海冬季大气中PCDD/Fs毒性当量浓度(13.3~94.9 fg WHO2005-TEQ/m3)高于夏季(11.84~78.52 fg WHO2005-TEQ/m3)。上海郊区由于受工业生产影响,PCDD/Fs平均毒性当量浓度(夏季: 40.7 fg WHO2005- TEQ/m3; 冬季:57.4 fg WHO2005-TEQ/m3)高于中心城区(夏季: 28.5 fg WHO2005-TEQ/m3; 冬季:38.6 fg WHO2005-TEQ/m3);(3)中心城区人群PCDD/Fs呼吸暴露量[成人:6.82 fg WHO2005-TEQ/(kg·d);儿童:13.7 fg WHO2005-TEQ/(kg·d)]小于郊区[成人:19.17 fg WHO2005-TEQ/(kg·d);儿童:18.4 fg WHO2005-TEQ/(kg·d)]。儿童呼吸暴露量高于成人。经对比,上海城市背景区域居民PCDD/Fs呼吸暴露风险低于上海垃圾焚烧厂周边居民,且都远低于人体PCDD/Fs每日耐受量[4 pg WHO2005-TEQ/(kg·d)]的10%,表明上海地区居民PCDD/Fs呼吸暴露风险处于可接受水平。 相似文献
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Liyun Song Shilin Deng Chunyi Bian Cui Liu Zongcheng Zhan Shuangye Li Jian Li Xing Fan Hong He 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2023,17(8):96
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Jiaheng Teng Ying Deng Xiaoni Zhou Wenfa Yang Zhengyi Huang Hanmin Zhang Meijia Zhang Hongjun Lin 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2023,17(10):129
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Zhili HE Joy D. VAN NOSTRAND Ye DENG Jizhong ZHOU 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2011,5(1):1-20
Functional gene arrays (FGAs) are a special type of microarrays containing probes for key genes involved in microbial functional processes, such as biogeochemical cycling of carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, and metals, biodegradation of environmental contaminants, energy processing, and stress responses. GeoChips are considered as the most comprehensive FGAs. Experimentally established probe design criteria and a computational pipeline integrating sequence retrieval, probe design and verification, array construction, data analysis, and automatic update are used to develop the GeoChip technology. GeoChip has been systematically evaluated and demonstrated to be a powerful tool for rapid, specific, sensitive, and quantitative analysis of microbial communities in a high-throughput manner. Several generations of GeoChip have been developed and applied to investigate the functional diversity, composition, structure, function, and dynamics of a variety of microbial communities from different habitats, such as water, soil, marine, bioreactor, human microbiome, and extreme ecosystems. GeoChip is able to address fundamental questions related to global change, bioenergy, bioremediation, agricultural operation, land use, human health, environmental restoration, and ecological theories and to link the microbial community structure to environmental factors and ecosystem functioning. 相似文献
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Qian SUI Jun HUANG Shuguang LU Shubo DENG Bin WANG Wentao ZHAO Zhaofu QIU Gang YU 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2014,8(1):62-68
The application of appropriate advanced treat- ment process in the municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) has become an important issue considering the elimination of emerging contaminants, such as pharma- ceutical and personal care products (PPCPs). In the present study, the removal of 13 PPCPs belonging to different therapeutic classes by the sequential ultraviolet (UV) and ozonation process in a full-scale WWTP in Beijing was investigated over the course of ten months. Most of the target PPCPs were effectively removed, and the median removal efficiencies of individual PPCPs, ranging from -13% to 89%, were dependent on their reaction rate constants with molecular ozone. Noticeable fluctuation in the removal efficiencies of the same PPCPs was observed in different sampling campaigns. Nevertheless, the sequential UV and ozonation process still made a significant contribution to the total elimination of most PPCPs in the full-scale WWTP, by compensating for the poor or fluctuant removal performance of PPCPs by biologic treatment process. 相似文献
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以我国三家典型电厂的SCR前、除尘前、脱硫前和脱硫后燃煤烟气为例,考察了分析仪器、采样时间、吸收液量和消解方式对安大略方法(Ontario-Hydro法)测试结果的影响。结果表明:CVAAS﹑HG-ICP-AES﹑ICP-MS、和MP-AES都可用于Ontario-Hydro法采集的燃煤烟气样品的汞浓度分析;当烟气中汞浓度较高(大于10μg/m3时),烟气采样时间可以缩短为1 h;200 mL的KMnO4-H2SO4吸收液能确保烟气中汞的监测精度;H2O2-HNO3吸收液和KMnO4-H2SO4吸收液样品采用标准消解和简化消解法所得分析测试结果偏差<10%,表明烟气H2O2-HNO3和KMnO4-H2SO4吸收液样品可采用简化消解方式进行样品消解。 相似文献
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