膜蒸馏去除水中砷的研究

采用新型膜蒸馏技术对水中As（III）与As（Ⅴ）的去除展开了研究。实验结果表明,膜蒸馏对水中As (III)及As (Ⅴ)具有较高的去除能力：当产水中砷含量超过10 μg/L时,原水中As (III)与As (Ⅴ)的浓度可分别高达40 mg/L和2 000 mg/L。局部润湿现象的存在导致As (III)及As (Ⅴ)跨膜至产水侧,PVDF微孔膜在溶液中的负电性以及As (III)与 As (Ⅴ)在溶液中存在形式的不同导致膜蒸馏对两者去除能力的差异。360 h连续运行过程中产水通量及电导率稳定,且整个过程中As (III)均低于检测限,说明PVDF微孔膜具有良好的疏水性和稳定的除砷性能。     

湖岸缓冲带反硝化作用的研究进展

反硝化作用是湖岸缓冲带去除硝酸盐的重要途径。湖岸缓冲带是联系陆地与湖泊生态系的纽带,不仅为许多动植物提供适宜生境,而且通过反硝化作用能去除地下水中的硝酸盐,提高湖泊水质。概述不同检测反硝化速率的方法,并对比各种方法的优点与缺点。阐述反硝化作用的影响因素：厌氧环境、有机碳、湖岸坡度、缓冲带坡度、pH与温度、硝酸盐浓度。介绍反硝化速率模型的研究开发状况。最后,提出了目前国内外反硝化研究中存在的不足及发展方向。     

静电激发型袋除尘器的机理及应用前景

静电激发型袋除尘器有别于常规的电袋结合除尘器,其是将电除尘器的预荷电原理作用于烟气后,利用袋除尘器的滤袋做收尘极板来收集粉尘。本文通过分析Max-9^TMESFF的结构介绍了其除尘机理,并分析了它的应用前景。     

硫酸渣制备高纯度硫酸亚铁

以高铁硫酸渣为原料,采用酸浸一还原-除杂-结晶-重结晶-干燥工艺,合成高纯度硫酸亚铁.通过反应温度、反应时闻对硫酸渣中铁的浸出率的影响,以及结晶温度、干燥温度,干燥时间、于燥时间对硫酸亚铁产品纯度的影响做分析实验,得出最佳酸浸条件:硫酸渣与硫酸的固液比为1:3,硫酸质量分数为20%-25%,反应温度为80℃,反应时间为6 h,搅拌强度为200 r/min;最佳结晶精制条件:结晶溶液pH值1:3,温度为60℃,温度海60℃;除杂最佳条件:pH值约为4.5;冷却结晶温度控制在20℃,结晶秣过程为30℃于燥6 h.     

垃圾处理产业化的内涵

垃圾处理产业化是造就一种特定模式,聚合已进入垃圾处理行业的事业体并培育核心事业体的一种过程,一般包括导入、扩散、发展和聚变等4个子过程.产业化应将垃圾处理由公有公益性服务事业转化成服务产业,并最终转化成物质生产的基础产业,涉及到社会再生产的4个环节.宏观来看,涉及到经济、文化和政治等层面.     

完善环境影响评价公众参与的初步研究

环境影响评价制度是我国的一项基本环境保护法律制度,是环境管理体系的重要组成部分,完善公众参与体系有利于解决当前环境影响评价中公众参与存在的问题。在总结国内外公众参与发展进程的基础上,对完善公众参与体系进行了初步研究,提出了完善公众参与体系的内涵要点,提高公众参与体系研究力度,建立公众参与学相关内容。     

武汉市一次污染过程的局地流场和边界层结构的数值模拟

利用2013年11月武汉市逐日空气质量资料、地面气象观测资料、NCEP/NCAR再分析资料和L波段雷达探空资料,通过WRF模式模拟空气污染生消过程中的局地气象条件变化,探讨特殊地形条件下边界层结构变化和局地环流在污染物生消过程中的作用和影响。结果表明：（1）武汉地区当背景环流场强的时候,由地形引起的局地流场对污染物扩散的影响就弱,反之当背景环流场弱的时候, 地形对流场影响明显:夜间为山风,白天为谷风。夜间山风与偏西北气流及偏东气流在武汉及周边地区辐合,形成气流汇聚带,在武汉地区形成一个反复污染带,即由地形引起的局地流场对污染物扩散的贡献就大;（2）武汉地区发生空气污染时,地面湿度较高,边界层呈上干下湿状态,其特征为暖而干且有偏东小风,这导致污染物不断堆积和重污染过程的形成。     

Urinary metabolomic profiling in rats exposed to dietary di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) using ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF-MS)

Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is an omnipresent environmental chemical with widespread nonoccupational human exposure through multiple ways. Although considerable efforts have been invested to investigate mechanisms of DEHP toxicity, the key metabolic biomarkers of DEHP toxicity remain to be identified. The aim of this study was to assess the urinary metabonomics of dietary DEHP in rats using the technique of ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF-MS). Fourteen female Wistar rats were divided into two groups and given increasing dietary doses of DEHP for 30 consecutive days. The urinary metabolite profile was studied using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) enabled clusters to be clearly separated. Eleven principal urinary metabolites were identified as contributing to the clusters. The clusters in the positive electrospray ionization (ESI) mode were xanthurenic acid, kynurenic acid, nonate, N6-methyladenosine, and L-isoleucyl-L-proline. The clusters in the negative ESI mode were hippuric acid, tetrahydrocortisol, citric acid, phenylpropionylglycine, cPA(18:2(9Z, 12Z)/0:0), and LysoPC(14:1(9Z)). The urinary metabonomic changes indicated that exposure to dietary DEHP can affect energy-related metabolism, liver and renal function, fatty acid metabolism, and cause DNA damage in rats. The findings of this study on the urinary metabolites and metabolic pathways of DEHP may form the basis for future studies on the mechanisms of toxicity of this commonly found environmental chemical.     

A dynamic modelling of nutrient metabolism in a cyclic activated sludge technology (CAST) for treating low carbon source wastewater

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A new mathematical model incorporating biopolymer kinetics and the process of the simultaneous storage and growth are established for the treatment of...     

Application of phosphate solubilizing bacteria in immobilization of Pb and Cd in soil

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In the present study, heavy metal (HM)-tolerant phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) were isolated and their performance during the remediation of Pb...