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71.
卟啉作为人体早期砷暴露生物标志的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用氢化物发生原子吸收分析了贵州省燃煤污染型砷中毒区和非砷中毒区(对照)居民尿样中砷浓度,采用高效液相色谱法分析了卟啉浓度,考察了燃煤污染造成的人体砷暴露与尿液中卟啉排泄改变的关系,寻求慢性砷中毒早期健康效应的生物标志物.结果显示,与对照组相比,砷暴露组尿卟啉Ⅲ(uroporphyrin-Ⅲ)和粪卟啉Ⅲ(coproporphyrin-Ⅲ)显著增高(P<0.01,P<0.01),粪卟啉Ⅰ(coproporphyrin-Ⅰ)比对照组增高,但不显著;不同性别组间比较,对照组和暴露组的中龄(20~40岁)群体尿液中,尿卟啉Ⅲ的浓度在男性和女性群体之间呈显著性的差异(P<0.01),其它年龄组中,这一指标在不同性别群体之间未见显著性差异;不同年龄分层比较,低龄组(<20岁)尿卟啉Ⅲ和粪卟啉Ⅲ比对照显著增高(P<0.01,P<0.01),中龄组(20~40岁)和高龄组(>40岁)粪卟啉Ⅲ比对照显著增高(P<0.05,P<0.05);此外,砷暴露组尿液中砷与总粪卟啉和总卟啉呈正相关(r=0.623,r=0.549).结果表明,人体砷暴露会导致尿液中卟啉排泄的改变,提示卟啉有可能作为慢性砷中毒早期健康效应的生物标志. 相似文献
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Recent reports of absent nasal bone in fetuses with Down syndrome have sparked much interest in the use of this finding for the screening of Down syndrome. We describe the histopathological findings of nasal bones of two fetuses with Down syndrome, one with absence and the other with normal ossification of the nasal bone. We propose that histopathological examination of the nasal bone could improve the accuracy of diagnosis of nasal hypoplasia among Down syndrome abortuses. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
74.
Islam Md Rakibul Kabir Golam Ng Kelvin Tsun Wai Ali Syed Mithun 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(31):46859-46874
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Yard waste is one of the key components of municipal solid waste and can play a vital role in implementing zero-waste strategy to achieve sustainable... 相似文献
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Bolingbroke Damien Ng Kelvin Tsun Wai Vu Hoang Lan Richter Amy 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2021,23(3):1015-1025
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - The assessment of solid waste management systems is vital for continued improvement in the efficiency of waste management systems (WMSs). Many... 相似文献
77.
Although voice (i.e. expressing change‐oriented ideas and suggestions) has frequently been investigated as a way for workers to reciprocate to their employers for the positive treatment they receive, much less is known about how workers use voice to deal with stress. This study takes a conservation of resources perspective to examine the relationships among workplace stress, voice behavior, and job performance. We first examined the strength of relationships of three major groups of workplace stressors and strains (job based, social based, and organization based) with voice behavior. We then examined the relationships of voice behavior with performance variables (e.g. in‐role performance and creativity) to investigate how voice may help workers preserve or accumulate resources to enhance their performance. The meta‐analytic findings presented here provide support for a negative relationship between workplace stress and voice and a positive relationship between voice behavior and performance outcomes. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
78.
Objective: The primary purposes of this study were to explore the relationship between risk-taking acts while driving motorcycles and perceived causes of motorcycle accidents, as well as their contribution to active involvement in traffic accidents among Chinese motorcyclists in Hong Kong. Active involvement means the riders was likely at fault for the crash. Methods: A total of 774 motorcyclists were recruited, of whom 292 had been involved in active motorcycle accident in the previous 3?years. All were asked to fill in a questionnaire, which was developed to assess their risk-taking acts while driving a motorcycle and perception of motorcycle accident causes. Results: The results of the study revealed 3 dimensions of accident causes, namely, driving-related, environment-related, and belief-related causes. These motorcycle accident causes were correlated with risk-taking acts while driving a motorcycle. A multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that risk-taking acts while driving motorcycles (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 1.036, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.020-1.052), perception of driving-related cause (adjusted OR: 0.941, 95% CI: 0.916-0.967), and belief-related cause (adjusted OR: 1.134, 95% CI: 1.088-1.182) were significant factors contributing to involvement in active traffic accidents by motorcycle riders after controlling for concurrent demographic variables. Conclusions: The study highlights that perceived causes of motorcycle accidents are multidimensional, including those areas related to driving, the environment, and beliefs. It substantiates previous studies that a higher degree of driving-related risk perception is related to a lower degree of risk-taking acts while driving. Further research is needed to understand why belief-related causes, sometimes called superstitions, lead riders to believe that it is beyond their ability to affect accident causation and prevention. 相似文献
79.
V.H. Carreto-Vázquez I. Hernández D. Ng W.J. Rogers M.S. Mannan 《Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries》2010,23(1):30-38
The lack of awareness in identifying potential hazardous reactions is commonly cited as a cause of accidents. One major problem is the lack of consensus to assign appropriate reactivity hazards ratings. NFPA 704 instability rating system is widely used throughout the chemical industry. However, this system does not take into account pressure hazards. Inclusion of pressure hazards into the NFPA 704 instability rating will provide a more comprehensive rating system, which will characterize hazards that may arise not only from exothermic reactions, but also from endothermic decompositions with gas evolution. In this work we present a proposed method for developing a simple methodology to include pressure and pressure rates into the assignment of instability ratings. The current NFPA 704 instability rating number for the systems studied does not show a trend between the pressures and pressure rates generated with the assigned rating. Therefore, arbitrary threshold values were chosen to rank the substances according to the pressure and pressure rate generated. Results obtained from a variety of systems with endothermic decompositions show that their pressure and pressure rates have magnitudes comparable to systems that decompose exothermically. So far, this method has been applied only to a limited set of data. However, assignment of arbitrary values for normalized maximum pressures generated and pressure rates, taking as reference the values obtained for the thermal decomposition of cumene hydroperoxide and di-terbutyl peroxide appears to give reasonable limits for the rating chemicals based on their relative pressure hazards. 相似文献
80.
D. Sivakumar L. F. Ng S. M. Lau K. T. Lim 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2018,26(2):499-507
Investigation on the fatigue life of hybrid composites is critical to extend their applications and acceptance among industries; however, there is a lack of research focus on fatigue performance of the hybrid composite. In this study, the fatigue life of glass/kenaf woven-ply hybrid composite with thermoplastic and thermoset polymer matrix was investigated. Hybrid composites consist of two different fibre configurations: kenaf/glass/kenaf and glass/kenaf/glass. Thermoplastic hybrid composites were manufactured through the hot press moulding compression method, while thermoset hybrid composites were fabricated through the vacuum-assisted resin infusion method. The tensile strength and fatigue strengths of the kenaf/glass/kenaf composite have been identified to be significantly lower than those of the glass/kenaf/glass composite regardless of the types of matrix used. However, thermoplastic-based kenaf/glass/kenaf composites are less fatigue sensitive compared to glass/kenaf/glass composites; however, this phenomenon is vice versa for thermoset composites due to the epoxy matrix, which limits the stiffening effect in natural fibres. 相似文献