Reductive Degradation of Tetrabromobisphenol Using Iron-Silver and Iron-Nickel Bimetallic Nanoparticles with Microwave Energy

In this work, a novel combined system by Fe-Ag or Fe-Ni nanoparticles and microwave (MW) radiation were used for the debromination of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) in aqueous solutions. Core-shell structure bimetallic nanoparticles were prepared by replacement reaction in liquid phase and then characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques. MW radiation can enhance the degradation of TBBPA by Fe-Ag or Fe-Ni observably. The rate of reduction reactions for bimetallic nanoparticles under MW were first compared with those under conventional heating conditions. Compared with nano-iron, the deposition of Ag or Ni also accelerated the debromination, and Fe-Ag was more reactive than Fe-Ni toward TBBPA reduction. Removal efficiencies increased with increasing Fe-Ag dosage and MW energy level. Major reduction products of TBBPA identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) were tri-BBPA, di-BBPA, mono-BBPA, and BPA, which indicated a stepwise debromination process. It provides an effective technology for TBBPA laden wastewater treatment.     

高职计算机专业英语教学现状思考与探讨

《计算机专业英语》是高职高专计算机专业学生的重要工具课,并讨论高职《计算机专业英语》课程所面临的教学现状,介绍了在实际教学过程中所采取的对策.参3.     

Determining long-term (decadal) deep drainage rate using multiple tracers

The deep drainage rate is a critical hydrological parameter in understanding contamination mechanisms of soil and groundwater. Little research has been conducted on the temporal variations in deep drainage rate during the last century. The objective of this study was to determine the long-term deep drainage rate on a cultivated loamy soil in the Canadian Prairies. Three tracers were used: KCl applied in 1971, fallout tritium in 1963, and NO3* released during the initial cultivation of the field (1923). Two soil cores to a depth of 3.6 m were taken along a flat portion of the field, and soil Cl(-), 3H, and NO3* concentrations were measured as a function of depth. An additional four cores were taken for soil water content measurements between 2000 and 2003. Distinct peaks in the depth distribution of these three tracers were located at 1.27 m for Cl(-), 1.31 m for 3H, and 1.52 m for NO3*, 32, 40, and 80 yr after the application of Cl(-), 3H, and NO3*, respectively. The average deep drainage rates, calculated as the product of the estimated tracer velocity and volumetric soil water content below the active root zone, were 2.0 mm yr(-1) from the Cl(-) tracer, 2.2 mm yr(-1) from 3H, and 2.5 mm yr(-1) from the NO3* tracer. Therefore, there was little temporal variability in the groundwater recharge over the eight decades that the field has been cultivated. The recharge rates are less than 1% of the mean annual precipitation (333 mm).     

中温煤焦油加工废水零排放技术方案设计研究

中温煤焦油加工过程中产生的废水中的主要特征污染物为酚类及其衍生物等高毒性、难降解有机物。通过对内蒙古自治区某煤焦油加工项目煤焦油废水的水质分析,提出了将全厂的废水分为高浓度、低浓度和生活污水分别进行处理的工艺技术方案,采用物理＋生化＋深度处理的工艺流程处理煤焦油废水后全部回用于循环水补水,以期最终实现废水的零排放。     

饭岛伸子环境社会学思想浅析

饭岛伸子环境社会学思想体现在她对环境社会学对象与方法、环境问题的历史与现状、环境运动的意义与价值等问题的分析中。饭岛伸子环境社会学思想的价值在于它用社会学的视角观察环境问题,用社会学的方法寻求环境问题的解决路径。饭岛伸子环境社会学思想拓展了环境问题研究的空间,开辟了环境问题研究的领域,启发了人们对环境与社会、社会与环境关系的思考,深化和升华了全球化、工业化、城市化背景下人们对环境问题的认识。受环境社会学研究现状和研究者个人志趣、价值取向等因素的影响,饭岛伸子的环境社会学思想存在一定的局限。     

纳米碳孔金属化直接电镀技术

纳米碳直接电镀的出现对传统的PTH是个挑战,它最大的特点就是替代传统的化学镀铜工艺,利用物理作用形成的导电膜就可以直接进行电镀。工艺程序简便,减少了控制因素,与传统PTH制程相比,使用药品数量减少,生产周期大大缩短,生产效率大幅度提高,环境友好,污水处理费用减少,使印制电路板制造的总成本降低。     

松花江上游夹皮沟金矿开采区芦苇叶片汞分布特征

为研究金矿开采区周围芦苇(Phragmites australis)叶片汞含量的分布特征、影响因素及其与其它环境要素的相关性,2016年6月(夏季)和9月(秋季)在位于松花江上游的夹皮沟金矿开采区内采集芦苇叶片、土壤、水体样本测定汞含量,同步测定大气汞浓度,并通过单因子污染指数法确定芦苇叶片汞污染等级,分析芦苇叶片汞含量与环境要素汞含量的相关关系.结果表明,在空间分布上,芦苇叶片汞含量以及土壤、水体汞含量均随离夹皮沟金矿距离的加大而逐渐衰减,大气汞浓度空间分布特征不明显;在时间分布上,芦苇叶片汞重污染地区夏季汞含量低于秋季,芦苇叶片汞轻污染地区夏季汞含量略高于秋季,而大气汞、土壤汞含量均为夏季高于秋季;各环境要素对芦苇叶片汞含量的影响重要程度依次为:土壤大气水体;此外,停止混汞法采金多年后,夹皮沟金矿开采区汞源主要为土壤.     

基于Landsat(ETM+)遥感影像对非渗透性表面提取的研究

随着城市化进程持续快速增长,城市水文过程受到显著影响,表现为非渗透性表面的增加阻碍了降水渗入地下而使大部分降雨随地表径流直接进入城市排水系统,同时对城市局部气候、生物多样性等生态环境要素也产生影响。非渗透性表面的提取,可用于研究城市水文循环过程、农业面源污染、植被分布及变化过程等,是城市生态、环境研究的主要参数。利用归一化光谱混合分析手段对植被-非渗透性表面-土壤(Vegetation-Impervious surface-Soil)模型进行分析,提取出非渗透性表面在某小流域中所占比例,便于进一步应用于空间分布型水文模型、生态环境模型等。结果表明研究所用方法能较好测算出非渗透性表面的空间分布情况及其比例。分析模型残差发现,在非渗透性表面比例为0.8~1时,本模型的模拟值低于真实比例。