自然灾害信息系统结构初探——以长白山火山灾害信息系统为例

以地理信息系统和遥感等具有综合分析,实时反应能力的高新技术为支撑,构建了自然灾害信息系统,指出自然灾害数据库主要包括历史数据库,相关环境数据和遥感信息数据库,并以减灾为视角将系统分为监测子系统,预测子系统,灾害评估子系统,避灾路线选取子系统四个模块。     

H2O2—Fe^2＋法处理3—羟基—2—萘甲酸生产废水

采用H2O2-Fe^2 处理3-羟基-2-萘甲酸（简称2,3酸）生产废水,在pH为2.8-2.9(原液）,[FeSO4.7H2O]为0.5kg/t废水,[H2O2]为5L/t废水,t为20min,TY国60℃-80℃时,COD去除率可达94%左右。     

Conflict and Coordination Problem of Carbon Tax’ Diversity Targets in China-Based on the Tax Optimization Theory

Among all the emission reduction measures,carbon tax is recognized as the most effective way to protect our climate.That is why the Chinese government has recently taken it as a tax reform direction.In the current economic analysis,the design of carbon tax is mostly based on the target to maximize the efficiency.However,based on the theory of tax system optimization,we should also consider other policy objectives,such as equity,revenue and cost,and then balance different objectives to achieve the suboptimum reform of carbon tax system in China.     

鄱阳湖生态经济区农业循环经济发展综合评价

发展农业循环经济是鄱阳湖生态经济区建设的关键,农业循环经济发展的目标是实现农业生产经济效率和生态环境效率的双赢。应用DEA方法以评价循环农业发展的经济效率,采用农业生产的生态足迹以反映农业循环经济发展的生态效率。在此基础上,为同时体现农业循环经济发展的经济效率和生态效率,构造了区域农业循环经济发展评价的综合指数,并对鄱阳湖生态经济区的农业循环经济发展进行评价分析。结果表明,大部分地区存在农药化肥投入冗余、粮食单产不足以及农业生产的耕地足迹和牧草地足迹所占比重偏大等问题,为此必须在推广猪－沼－粮的同时,调整农业产业结构,着力发展猪（牛）－沼－果（渔）等循环农业模式,进而提高鄱阳湖生态经济区农业生产的投入产出效率,降低农业生产的生态占用     

加速溶剂萃取-气相色谱法测定皮革及合成革中的五氯苯酚

建立了加速溶剂萃取(ASE)-气相色谱/电子捕获(GC/ECD)检测皮革中五氯苯酚(PCP)的方法。通过萃取剂选择实验和正交实验,确定了加速溶剂萃取的最佳参数：正己烷为萃取溶剂,萃取温度120℃,静态萃取时间3 min,循环次数3次,氮气吹扫时间80 s。提取液经浓缩、净化、乙酸酐衍生后以气相色谱法测定,以标准物质保留...     

一株石油烃降解菌的筛选、鉴定及对石油烃模式物的降解特性研究

从胶洲湾P3-1站位采集的石油污染海洋底泥中筛选得到一株能以原油为唯一碳源生长良好的石油烃降解菌株JZ3-21。经过形态、生理生化特征试验和16S rDNA序列分析结果,鉴定JZ3-21为恶臭假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas puti-da）;实验研究了该菌株对5种石油烃模式物（正十六烷、甲苯、萘、芘和邻苯二酚）的降...     

活性污泥硝化过程的动态响应信号

把pH值在线监测与药品自动投加系统与已开发的混合呼吸测量仪集成,组成自动呼吸-滴定测量仪,同时测得废水生物处理过程溶解氧（DO）、pH、氧气利用速率（OUR）和质子变化速率（HVR）。分别监测了只投加NH4＋-N底物的活性污泥硝化过程和实验室脱氮除碳SBR曝气阶段的DO/pH响应,结果显示,两信号呈一定规律变化,在反应...     

单极性三维电极法除氟实验研究

采用单极性三维电极法去除配制水中的氟离子,探讨了填充材料、极板间距和电压对除氟效果的影响。结果表明,填充颗粒比表面积越大、极板间距越小、电压越高,越有利于氟离子的去除。当采用活性炭颗粒作为填充材料、极板间距为10 mm、电压为5 V时,氟离子浓度可由4 mg/L降至0.8 mg/L,达到我国饮用水氟含量标准。     

双层多孔隙沥青路面吸音降噪有限元分析

针对单层多孔隙沥青路面容易阻塞的问题,提出双层多孔隙沥青路面结构形式,采用有限元的方法,应用空气介质和吸声结构的声一固耦合模型,通过大型商用软件ABAQUS对多孔隙沥青路面吸声结构的吸声性能进行数值仿真模拟,分析了双层多孔隙沥青路面中空隙率组合以及厚度组合下的降噪特性,据此提出适宜的双层多孔隙沥青路面结构参数,计算结果表明双层多孔隙沥青路面结构,当上层空隙率为10％,下层空隙率为25％,上层厚度为2cm,下层厚度为4cm时,吸声效果较好。结论可为双层多孔隙沥青路面的应用提供理论基础。     

Residues and chiral signatures of organochlorine pesticides in sediments from Xiangshan Bay, East China Sea

Residual levels and enantiomeric signatures of hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) in surface sediments from Xiangshan Bay, East China Sea were investigated. The concentrations of ∑HCHs (sums of α-, β-, γ-, and δ-HCH) and ∑DDTs (sums of p, p'-DDT, p, p'-DDD,p, p'-DDE, o, p'-DDT, and o, p'-DDD) ranged from 0.14 to 0.67 ng g?1 and 0.61 to 22.38 ng g?1, respectively. A slight potential health risk to the organism was then indicated for the residual levels of DDTs according to the ERL/ERM guidelines. Moreover, the predominant β-HCH implied that the technical HCH contamination was mainly due to the historical usage. But the high ratio of DDT/∑DDTs depicted a cocktail input pattern of fresh and weathered DDTs. The enantiomeric fractions (EFs) of α-HCH, o, p'-DDT, and o, p'-DDD were also determined. The degradation of α-HCH was enantioselective in all sediments samples, resulting in an enrichment of (-)-enantiomers. However, the racemic residues of o, p'-DDT and o, p'-DDD were observed in all sediments samples.