区域“非遗”与旅游深度融合的机制与模式研究以莆田湄洲妈祖信俗为例

非物质文化遗产是联合国为保护人类传承下来的传统文化提出的概念(简称"非遗")。培育和形成以非遗为主要内容的文化产业,进一步推动社会、经济和文化协调发展,使非遗与当代社会相适应、与现代文明相协调,已成为一个新课题。以莆田湄洲妈祖信俗发祥地为例,通过调研分析,综合运用系统动力学、协同发展等相关理论,深入探讨了妈祖信俗与旅游融合的影响要素、融合机制与模式。研究结论对旅游业激发非遗、发挥旅游对非遗的传播功能、扩大妈祖文化的影响、提升福建文化软实力,具有十分重要的现实意义和理论指导价值。     

关于气溶胶颗粒物沉积率系数平均方法模型的改进研究

气溶胶颗粒物在壁面的沉积率系数模型的研究已经成为现代气溶胶动力学研究的重要课题.本文通过实验腔测量和理论分析相结合,对Koivisto等(2012)提出的平均方法模型(AM)中的关键参数(即时间间隔)的选取和对测量数据量的要求两个问题进行研究.选取目前广泛使用的最小二乘法模型(LSM)和Lai和Nazaroff(2000)提出的理论分析模型进行对比.研究发现,AM模型中的时间间隔这一关键参数,应由目前的50矫正为20;AM模型和LSM模型均要求实验测量数据个数等于或者大于10,但是AM模型在小数据量情况下的预测结果更精确.     

基于余震序列分布信息的地震极灾区快速判断方法研究

利用震级加权标准差椭圆法研究了基于震后短期内(24 h)余震序列判定地震极灾区的方法,研究结果表明:1利用该方法判断宏观震中是一种比较可行的方法,不同震源破裂方式的震例利用该方法判断宏观震中的精度不同,倾滑-近倾滑型破裂方式的震例利用余震序列判定宏观震中的精度最高;2整体上看,利用该方法判断极灾区长轴方向的准确性低于利用距震中最近活动断裂判断的准确性,但对于倾滑-近倾滑型破裂方式的震例,利用该方法的准确性高于利用断层数据判定的准确性。     

Controlling cyanobacterial blooms by managing nutrient ratio and limitation in a large hypereutrophic lake: Lake Taihu, China

Excessive nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) loading of aquatic ecosystems is a leading cause of eutrophication and harmful algal blooms worldwide, and reducing nutrient levels in water has been a primary management objective. To provide a rational protection strategy and predict future trends of eutrophication in eutrophic lakes, we need to understand the relationships between nutrient ratios and nutrient limitations. We conducted a set of outdoor bioassays at the shore of Lake Taihu. It showed that N only additions induced phytoplankton growth but adding only P did not. Combined N plus P additions promoted higher phytoplankton biomass than N only additions, which suggested that both N and P were deficient for maximum phytoplankton growth in this lake (TN:TP = 18.9). When nutrients are present at less than 7.75-13.95 mg/L TN and 0.41-0.74 mg/L TP, the deficiency of either N or P or both limits the growth of phytoplankton. N limitation then takes place when the TN:TP ratio is less than 21.5-24.7 (TDN:TDP was 34.2-44.3), and P limitation occurs above this. Therefore, according to this ratio, controlling N when N limitation exists and controlling P when P deficiency is present will prevent algal blooms effectively in the short term. But for the long term, a persistent dual nutrient (N and P) management strategy is necessary.     

Mg2+ improves biomass production from soybean wastewater using purple non-sulfur bacteria

Soybean wastewater was used to generate biomass resource by use of purple non-sulfur bacteria (PNSB). This study investigated the enhancement of PNSB cell accumulation in wastewater by Mg²⁺ under the light-anaerobic condition. Results showed that with the optimal Mg²⁺ dosage of 10 mg/L, biomass production was improved by 70% to 3630 mg/L, and biomass yield also was improved by 60%. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) removal reached above 86% and hydraulic retention time was shortened from 96 to 72 hr. The mechanism analysis indicated that Mg²⁺ could promote the content of bacteriochlorophyll in photosynthesis because Mg²⁺ is the bacteriochlorophyll active center, and thus improved adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. An increase of ATP production enhanced the conversion of organic matter in wastewater into PNSB cell materials (biomass yield) and COD removal, leading to more biomass production. With 10 mg/L Mg²⁺, bacteriochlorophyll content and ATP production were improved by 60% and 33% respectively.     

Mercury adsorption characteristics of HBr-modified fly ash in an entrained-flow reactor

In this study, the mercury adsorption characteristics of HBr-modified fly ash in an entrained-flow reactor were investigated through thermal decomposition methods. The results show that the mercury adsorption performance of the HBr-modified fly ash was enhanced significantly. The mercury species adsorbed by unmodified fly ash were HgCl₂, HgS and HgO. The mercury adsorbed by HBr-modified fly ash, in the entrained-flow reactor, existed in two forms, HgBr₂ and HgO, and the HBr was the dominant factor promoting oxidation of elemental mercury in the entrained-flow reactor. In the current study, the concentration of HgBr₂ and HgO in ash from the fine ash vessel was 4.6 times greater than for ash from the coarse ash vessel. The fine ash had better mercury adsorption performance than coarse ash, which is most likely due to the higher specific surface area and longer residence time.     

水质监测断面优化技术研究

科学合理的布设水质监测断面是全面准确地获取水环境质量监测数据的前提条件。在总结国内外水环境监测断面优化技术和优化方法的基础上,利用三峡库区长江干流现有25个断面近5年的监测数据,采用历史数据相关性分析、模糊聚类和物元分析方法进行断面优化,通过F检验和t检验表明优化前后两监测断面序列无显著差异。实验结果说明,多种断面优化技术的综合应用,能达到优化三峡库区长江干流水环境质量监控断面的目的,为合理布设流域监测断面提供技术支撑。     

FeBiO_3的制备及光催化氧化性能研究

以多胺羧酸(H5dtpa)为配体获得同时含铋和铁双金属配合物的配位分子前驱体,通过低温热分解前驱体制得Fe-Bi-O三元复合纳米氧化物粉末。采用XRD、SEM、Uv-Vis DRS、PL以及VSM等方法对所得复合氧化物进行结构和性质表征。结果表明所制备的复合物粒径在100 nm左右,主相为Fe Bi O3,在室温时表现出弱铁磁性,其弱磁性可能来自Fe Bi O3的尺寸限域效应。该复合物在200~600nm范围对光具有较强的吸收,其直接带隙λeg=2.02 e V。另外,分别以甲基橙和苯酚为降解模型,初步研究了其光催化氧化性能,于20 mg/L的弱酸性甲基橙溶液和苯酚溶液中分别添加0.25 g/L制备的Fe Bi O3粉末,甲基橙溶液光照5 h后脱色率为90%,而苯酚溶液光照4 h脱色率达100%。     

郑州市环境空气中VOCs的空间分布及源解析

郑州市环境空气中挥发性有机物(VOCs)以芳香烃、醛酮类、烷烃类为主。各类挥发性有机物的年度平均浓度,芳香烃类为131μg/m3、烷烃类为118μg/m3、酮类为84.3μg/m3。年平均浓度最高的化合物为丙酮(66.2μg/m3)、乙醇(27.5μg/m3)、正十一烷(24.4μg/m3)和甲苯(17.2μg/m3)。挥发性有机物浓度在水平方向上的分布特征为城市老区和工业区最高,其他各功能区基本持平,但城市间的挥发性有机物污染分界不明显;高度方向上,40m左右达到浓度峰值;PCA和PMF源解析结果显示,机动车尾气和工业排放为主要污染源,分别占源总量的34%和19%。     

低浓度苯系物在新疆干旱区土壤中的吸附行为研究

采集新疆干旱区石化废水库附近区域土壤,以苯、甲苯、乙苯、二甲苯(间、对二甲苯)等典型苯系物为研究对象,系统研究低浓度苯系物在干旱区土壤上的吸附行为,分析土壤有机质含量,溶液p H、溶液含盐量、温度对苯系物吸附的影响。结果显示土壤对低浓度苯系物的吸附16 h达到平衡;吸附等温线经拟合后符合Henry直线型吸附模型;土壤对苯系物的吸附量随着土壤有机质含量的增加而增加,土壤有机质含量与吸附量呈显著正相关(P0.01,R2≥0.919);溶液p H值对吸附过程无明显作用;随着溶液含盐量增大,土壤对苯系物的吸附量表现为先减小,再稳定;温度升高会抑制土壤对苯系物的吸附作用。