Auf zu neuen Ufern — Postgraduale Weiterbildung mit dem zertifizierten Abschluss Fach?kotoxikologin/e SETAC/GDCh beginnt 2005

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Environmental chemicals with known endocrine potential affect yolk protein content in the aquatic insect Chironomus riparius

The use of vitellogenesis as a marker for possible effects of endocrine disrupting agents on insects was tested in the aquatic midge Chironomus riparius. As test substances the synthetic ecdysoid tebufenozide, and the endocrine disruptors bisphenol a and 4-n-nonylphenol were applied in a semi-static manner. The yolk protein contents of freshly emerged (24 h) male and female midges were determined by an ELISA procedure. In males, where always low amounts of immunoreactivity were apparent, yolk concentrations were lowered by 10% after a 80 microg/l tebufenozide treatment, and by 20-25% after exposition to bisphenol a at concentrations of 1, 100, and 3,000 microg/l. 4-n-nonylphenol contamination caused an inverted dose-response curve. At low test concentrations (1.9-30 microg/l) reduced yolk immunoreactivity occurred, while at medium concentrations (120 and 500 microg/l) no significant effects were observable. In the most highly contaminated group (2,000 microg/l) yolk protein immunoreactivity was elevated to 107% of the control. Female yolk protein contents were affected only in the 3,000 microg bisphenol a/l contaminated group, where yolk immunoreactivity was reduced by ca. 10% compared to the control.     

How <Emphasis Type="Italic">Doratomyces stemonitis</Emphasis> copes with Benzoxazolin-2(3<Emphasis Type="Italic">H</Emphasis>)-one (BOA), its derivatives and detoxification products

Summary. Doratomyces stemonitis (Hyphomycetales, Dematiaceae) is a saprotrophic fungus belonging to the mycobiota of the cereal rhizosphere. The fungus is able to metabolize benzoxazolin-2-(3H)-one and a variety of its derivatives including higher plant detoxification products, microbial degradation products and the chemically rather stable 2-amino-(3H)-phenoxazin-3-one. D. stemonitis can use all of these compounds as sole C-sources but their utilization, especially that of microbial degradation products and 2-amino-(3H)-phenoxazin-3-one, seems to be highly energy consuming, resulting in slow mycelium growth and a change of colony morphology. Benzoxazolin-2-(3H)-one derived compounds induce the synthesis of different isoforms of a glycosylated protein with sequence homologies to the endo-1,3-β-glucanase Asp f2, an allergen from Aspergillus fumigatus and other Asp f2-like proteins e.g., from Verticillium dahliae or PRA1 antigen from Candida albicans. The induction of the protein is regarded as a stress response.