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121.
Jonas S. Klingspor 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(7):801-806
A laboratory size spray dry scrubbing unit consisting of a spray dryer and a pulse Jet baghouse was used to study the effect of grinding recycle waste on SO2 removal across the spray dryer and on sorbent utilization. The equipment treats simulated flue gas with a dry flow rate of 1.5 m3 h?1 (stp) and utilizes an ultrasonic nozzle for atomization. The apparatus was initially tested over a broad range of operating conditions; a close agreement in SO2 removal was found with data from much larger units. The effect of grinding the FGD recycle material on the SO2 removal across the spray dryer was found to be great. Grinding the recycle material can enhance the SO2 removal efficiency to a level comparable to operation with a large excess of fresh lime. 相似文献
122.
Jonas Sommar Oliver Lindqvist Dan Strömberg 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(9):1663-1666
ABSTRACT In the literature, different values of the distribution coefficient KH for HgCl2 between water and air are present in a range that spans more than 3 orders of magnitude. In order to determine if a waste incineration scrubber solution could become saturated with regard to HgCl2, an accurate experimental determination of the distribution constant of HgCl2 at elevated temperatures is needed. In this work, the coefficient has been determined at four different temperatures between 10 and 50 °C. The Arrhenius expression obtained is 5.5 x 105 x exp[-(8060 ± 2200)/7] with a corresponding enthalpy for the process HgCl2(aq)<» HgCl2(g) of 67 ± 20 kJ/mole. KH at 293 K was found to be ~5 x 10-7 atm M-1, which is in almost perfect agreement with an earlier study. Applying the obtained KH values to waste incineration scrubber conditions shows that no major saturation effect will occur. 相似文献
123.
Monitoring of permafrost has been ongoing since 1978 in the Abisko area, northernmost Sweden, when measurements of active
layer thickness started. In 1980, boreholes were drilled in three mires in the area to record permafrost temperatures. Recordings
were made twice per year, and the last data were obtained in 2002. During the International Polar Year (2007–2008), new boreholes
were drilled within the ‘Back to the Future’ (BTF) and ‘Thermal State of Permafrost’ (TSP) projects that enabled year-round
temperature monitoring. Mean annual ground temperatures (MAGT) in the mires are close to 0°C, ranging from −0.16 to −0.47°C
at 5 m depth. Data from the boreholes show increasing ground temperatures in the upper and lower part by 0.4 to 1°C between
1980 and 2002. At one mire, permafrost thickness has decreased from 15 m in 1980 to ca. 9 m in 2009, with an accelerating
thawing trend during the last decade. 相似文献
124.
Mark A. K. Gillespie Matthias Alfredsson Isabel C. Barrio Joe Bowden Peter Convey Stephen J. Coulson Lauren E. Culler Martin T. Dahl Kathryn M. Daly Seppo Koponen Sarah Loboda Yuri Marusik Jonas P. Sandstrm Derek S. Sikes Jozef Slowik Toke T. Hye 《Ambio》2020,49(3):704-717
The terrestrial chapter of the Circumpolar Biodiversity Monitoring Programme (CBMP) has the potential to bring international multi-taxon, long-term monitoring together, but detailed fundamental species information for Arctic arthropods lags far behind that for vertebrates and plants. In this paper, we demonstrate this major challenge to the CBMP by focussing on spiders (Order: Araneae) as an example group. We collate available circumpolar data on the distribution of spiders and highlight the current monitoring opportunities and identify the key knowledge gaps to address before monitoring can become efficient. We found spider data to be more complete than data for other taxa, but still variable in quality and availability between Arctic regions, highlighting the need for greater international co-operation for baseline studies and data sharing. There is also a dearth of long-term datasets for spiders and other arthropod groups from which to assess status and trends of biodiversity. Therefore, baseline studies should be conducted at all monitoring stations and we make recommendations for the development of the CBMP in relation to terrestrial arthropods more generally. 相似文献
125.
The context and habits of accident investigation practices were explored by means of questionnaire data obtained from accident investigators in the healthcare, transportation, nuclear and rescue sectors in Sweden. Issues explored included; resources, training, time spent in different phases of an investigation, methods and procedures, beliefs about causes to accidents, communication issues, etc. Examples of findings were: differences in the extent to which the ‘human factor’ was perceived as a dominant cause to accidents; manning resources to support investigations were perceived as rather scarce; underutilization of data from safety related processes such as risk analysis and auditing data; the phase of suggesting remedial actions (recommendations) were comparatively brief and generally not well supported. A majority of the investigators thought that the investigations were free from pressures to follow a specific direction; the investigators also thought that performing an investigation in itself (regardless of the specific results) had positive influences on safety. A majority of the investigators thought that upper management had a relatively strong influence on safety in the organizations. The results are discussed in terms of suggestions for strategies to strengthen investigation practices – particularly those conducted as part-time work in organizations. 相似文献
126.
Critical load calculations in the Czech part of 'the Black Triangle' show exceedance of critical load in 75% of the forest area. A comparison with forest damage data shows an insignificant tendency toward more forest damage in areas with high exceedance. We conclude that high exceedance of critical load is a probable contributing factor to forest damage in the area. 相似文献
127.
Jonas Matthias Żebrowski Piotr 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2019,24(6):1169-1190
Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change - The focus of this perspective piece is on memory, persistence, and explainable outreach of forced systems, with greenhouse gas (GHG)... 相似文献
128.
Correlation between the seasonal distribution of harbour porpoises and their prey in the Sound,Baltic Sea 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Signe?SveegaardEmail author Heidi?Andreasen Kim?N.?Mouritsen Jens?Peder?Jeppesen Jonas?Teilmann Carl?C.?Kinze 《Marine Biology》2012,159(5):1029-1037
Low densities of harbour porpoises in winter (November–March) and high densities in summer (April–October) were found in the
Sound, connecting the Baltic Sea and Kattegat. Due to their high energy requirements, it is hypothesized that the density
of harbour porpoises is related to local prey abundance. This was tested by examining the stomach content of 53 harbour porpoises
collected between 1987 and 2010 in the Sound (high season, 34 porpoises; low season, 19 porpoises). A total of 1,442 individual
fish specimens from thirteen species were identified. Twelve of these were present in the high–porpoise density season and
seven in the low-density season. The distribution of occurrence and the distribution of number of fish species were different
between seasons, indicating a shift in prey intake between seasons. Furthermore, during the high-density season, the mean
and total prey weight per stomach as well as the prey species diversity was higher. However, no difference was found in the
number of prey species between the two seasons, indicating a higher quality of prey in the high-density season. Atlantic cod
was found to be the main prey species in terms of weight in the high-density season while Atlantic herring and Atlantic cod
were equally important during the low-density season. Prey availability and predictability are suggested as the main drivers
for harbour porpoise distribution, and this could be caused by the formation of frontal zones in spring in the northern part
of the Sound, leading to prey concentrations in predictable areas. 相似文献
129.
130.
S. Nilsson A. Shvidenko M. Jonas I. McCallum A. Thomson H. Balzter 《Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus》2007,7(4-5):425-441
We discuss the background and methods for estimating uncertainty in a holistic manner in a regional terrestrial biota Full Carbon Account (FCA) using our experience in generating such an account for vast regions in northern Eurasia (at national and macroregional levels). For such an analysis, it is important to (1) provide a full account; (2) consider the relevance of a verified account, bearing in mind further transition to a certified account; (3) understand that any FCA is a fuzzy system; and (4) understand that a comprehensive assessment of uncertainties requires multiple harmonizing and combining of system constraints from results obtained by different methods. An important result of this analysis is the conclusion that only a relevant integration of inventory, process-based models, and measurements in situ generate sufficient prerequisites for a verified FCA. We show that the use of integrated methodology, at the current level of knowledge, and the system combination of available information, allow a verified FCA for large regions of the northern hemisphere to be made for current periods and for the recent past. 相似文献