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881.
James H. Turner Andrew S. Viner Richard E. Jenkins William M. Vatavuk John D. McKenna 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(9):1105-1112
This is the second of a two-part article that reviews baghouse filtration theory, presents size estimating methods, and gives costing procedures for a variety of baghouse types and sizes. Part I of the article discussed theory and sizing; this part presents costing. Information is given for estimating total capital investment including separate costs for the bare baghouse (five types), bags, and, where needed, cages and Venturis. Factors are given for installation and for indirect costs. Direct and indirect annual costs are discussed. An example problem is given. The material in this article is taken primarily from the EAB Control Cost Manual. 相似文献
882.
William J. Stanley 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(2):100-101
The search for ways of reducing vehicular emissions has led to numerous investigations of the relationships between fuel composition and the pollutants discharged from automobiles. The most obvious fuel effects result from evaporation of gasoline components from the fuel tanks and carburetors of vehicles which lack effective mechanical devices (such as those required on all 1971 model cars) to control evaporative losses. Thus, several laboratories and cooperative study groups (Coordinating Research Council and American Petroleum Institute) have investigated the ways in which fuel properties (especially the amounts and types of C4-C5 hydrocarbons) influence both the amount and the potential atmospheric reactivity of evaporative emissions.1–6 But fuel evaporation accounts for only a small portion of the total hydrocarbons emitted by automobiles, and gasoline modifications (such as volatility reductions) that reduce evaporative losses can lead to higher levels of hydrocarbons in automobile exhaust.4–6 相似文献
883.
Charles E. Billings Anthony M. Sacco Wayne R. Matson Reginald M. Griffin William R. Coniglio Robert A. Harley 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(9):773-777
This paper presents results of a survey of mercury concentrations in coal, ash, water, fly ash, and flue gas discharges from a 5.5 × 106 Ib/hr steam generator serving a 775 MW (net) turbine-generator set. Representative composite or grab samples were obtained for inlet coal and outlet ash and water. Stack samples were obtained for fly ash and mercury vapor emissions while the unit was operated at 660 MW (net) (85% of full load). Samples were analyzed by anodic stripping voltammetry, plasma emission spectroscopy, and neutron activation analysis to determine mercury concentration entering the furnace in the coal and leaving the furnace in the flue gas, fly ash, bottom and hopper ash, and water. Method inter-comparisons are discussed. A material balance for mercury has been calculated from fuel, ash, and stack gas flow rates. About 90% of the mercury in the coal is released and appears as vapor discharged in the stack gas while 10% remains in the residual ash. For a 700 MW (net) unit, about 5 lb/day of mercury vapor is released to the atmosphere. 相似文献
884.
885.
Robert A. Cudney Eric G. Walther William C. Malm 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(5):468-470
The Environmental Protection Agency is responsible for establishing, reviewing, and revising standards of performance for new stationary sources of air pollution. Since this federal program was authorized in 1970, standards of performance (commonly referred to as new source performance standards or NSPS) have been developed for 34 categories of stationary sources. These regulations have focused primarily on large new sources of particulate matter, NO x , and SO2 emissions. Recently, work has begun on NSPS for a number of source categories that emit volatile organic compounds. Environmental professionals in these industries and in many regulatory agencies have little direct experience with the NSPS program and are unaware of the detailed engineering, cost, and economic information available with each proposed rulemaking. This article, therefore, reviews the purposes, procedures, and benefits of the NSPS program. A summary of the NSPS that have been promulgated through February 1983 are presented in tabular form. 相似文献
886.
N.Thomas Stephens J.Martin Hughes Bruce W. Owen William O. Warwick 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(1):61-63
Steel production from electric arc furnaces has been continuously rising over the past few years. The trend is expected to continue due to both the anticipated increase in demand for steel, and to the replacement of obsolete open hearth furnaces. In 1972 steel produced in electric arc furnaces, which makes up 25 to 30% of the annual United States steel production, was produced primarily from recycled scrap steel in approximately 300 electric arc furnaces operated by 99 companies at 121 locations.1 Over half of these furnaces are smaller than 50 tons, and many are located in small bar mills producing a variety of merchant steel products. 相似文献
887.
Menachem Luria Kenneth J. Olszyna James F. Meagher 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(5):483-497
On June 5 and 6 of 1980, two parallel plume oxidation studies were carried out in the vicinity of the Tennessee Valley Authority's Colbert Steam Plant. One study was performed in a smog chamber into which stack gases were injected and mixed with ambient air. The other study included direct airborne sampling of the power plant plume. Atmospheric oxidation rates for the conversion of SO2 to SO4 2- and the removal rates of NO x (which is presumably the rate of NO3 - formation) were estimated for both studies. The SO2 to SO4 2- rate coefficients were found to be 0.022 ± 0.009 h-1 for both chamber experiments and the first airborne sampling day. For the second day, a rate constant of 0.041 ± 0.052 h-1 was estimated from the aircraft data. The large deviation in this value is explained by the fact that the plume from the power plant combined and reacted with the urban plume from the city of Florence, AL. The formation of a very large "O3 bulge" on this day is also attributed to the mixed plumes. The first order rate coefficients for NO x removal were estimated to be 0.27 ± 0.14 h-1 for both chamber experiments and the first airborne sampling day. A NO x removal rate could not be determined for the second airborne sampling day. 相似文献
888.
889.
Alan J. Hoffman Stanley F. Sleva William M. Cox 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(7):704-707
The National Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Program is carried out by state and local air pollution control agencies in support of their State Implementation Plans (SIP’s). The current EPA regulations which specify the characteristics of these state monitoring programs are undergoing change as a result of a comprehensive review by an independent work group. These revised regulations, which are described in the paper, are intended to improve the quality, timeliness, and usability of the data generated by the states for all data users. In addition, the revised regulations seek to bring about; (a) national consistency in monitoring site locations through standardized siting procedures; (b) improved network operations by means of a minimum quality assurance program; (c) reduced network inflexibility through an annual network review process; and (d) reduced data reporting through changed data reporting procedures. 相似文献
890.
William M. Cox Jon Clark 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(7):762-766
Data on dally maximum ozone concentrations measured at ambient air monitoring stations operated by state and local air pollution control agencies in the Eastern United States were analyzed using principal factor analysis. Four orthogonal factors representing O3 formation potentials were derived using the statistical package SPSS; these factors accounted for over two-thirds of the variations in 1978 summer O3 levels at 21 urban-oriented stations. The analysis confirmed that O3 variations are similar among stations within defined geographical areas; this confirmation supports the widely held theory that ambient O3 formations are reglonwlde. The analysis suggested that trends analysis for determining general progress in improving O3 air quality should be based on aggregate statistics from clusters of monitors rather than from a single monitoring station within areas associated with the derived factors. 相似文献