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801.
O. Sracek M. Mihaljevič B. Kříbek V. Majer J. Filip A. Vaněk V. Penížek V. Ettler B. Mapani 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2014,186(8):4891-4903
The mine tailings at Kombat, in semiarid northeastern Namibia, were investigated by the combination of solid-phase analyses, mineralogical methods, leaching tests, and speciation modeling. Dissolution of the most abundant primary sulfides, chalcopyrite and galena, released copper and lead which were adsorbed onto ferric oxyhydroxides or precipitated in the form of malachite, Cu2CO3(OH)2, and cerussite, PbCO3, respectively. Arsenic released from arsenopyrite was incorporated into ferric oxyhydroxides. Based on sequential extraction and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, a large amount of ferric iron is present as low solubility hematite and goethite formed rapidly (<10 years) under warm semiarid climatic conditions, and arsenic in these phases is relatively tightly bound. It seems that Cu and especially Pb in carbonate minerals represent a more serious environmental risk. Immobilization of As in hematite has implications for other mining sites in regions with similar climatic conditions because this process results in long-term immobilization of As. 相似文献
802.
Outbound offending: The journey to crime and crime sprees 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Studies on crime and mobility primarily focus on local crime patterns. The city has long played an important role, whether analysing the offence or the offender. This paper goes beyond city boundaries and discusses ‘outbound offenders’, whose crime trips start in a city, but end outside. It is argued that a substantial proportion of crime trips follow this pattern, indicating that areas other than cities also provide interesting opportunities for property crime. We link outbound offending to a number of features that may explain crime travelling, including the target’s features and offender/offence features. We find that outbound offending mostly occurs towards affluent target regions and near motorways, as such confirming findings from previous research. We also find crime sprees to be indicative for mobile offending. Thus, mobile property offenders tend to compensate for travelled distances, not only by targeting affluent areas and using fast transportation means, but also by committing several successive offences, hereby reducing their relative transportation cost for each offence. 相似文献
803.
804.
Ana F. L. Godoi Eliza Y. Sawada Mary Rosa R. de Marchi René Van Grieken Ricardo H. M. Godoi 《Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus》2009,9(3-4):163-169
The use of inks containing organic solvents by the offset printing process implies in the release of volatile organic compounds to the work environment. Many of these compounds such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and the xylene isomers (well known by the acronym BTEX) are extremely toxic. In this study, the BTEX concentrations were determined in two different printing plants that use distinct types of inks: the conventional and the so-called ecological, which is manufactured based on vegetal oil. Concentration ranges were 43–84, 15–3,480, 2–133, 5–459, and 2–236 μg m?3 for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m?+?p-xylene, and o-xylene, respectively, for the conventional printing plant. At the ecological printing plant, concentration ranges were below limit of detection (<LD)-31, <LD-618, <LD-1,690, <LD-10,500, <LD-3,360 μg m?3 for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m?+?p-xylene, and o-xylene, respectively. BTEX concentrations are lower at the ecological printing environment than in the conventional, where mineral oil-based inks are used. However, the worker who cleans the printing matrices is exposed to high concentrations of ethylbenzene and xylenes, due probably to the cleaning product’s composition (containing high amounts of BTEX). Although the BTEX concentrations found in both printing work environments were below the limits considered by the Brazilian Law for Activities and Unhealthy Operations (NR-15), the exposure to such vapors characterizes risk to the workers’ health for some of the evaluated samples, mainly the personal ones. 相似文献
805.
Lynne Van Herwerden J. Howard Choat Stephen J. Newman Matthieu Leray Grethe Hillersøy 《Marine Biology》2009,156(8):1595-1607
Here the population genetic structure of an ecologically and economically important coral reef fish, the coral trout Plectropomus leopardus, is investigated in the context of contemporary and historical events. Coral trout were sampled from four regions (six locations)
and partial mtDNA D-loop sequences identified six populations (Fst = 0.89209, P < 0.0001): Scott Reef and the Abrolhos Islands in west Australia; the Great Barrier Reef (GBR), represented by northern and
southern GBR samples; New Caledonia and Taiwan, with Taiwan containing two genetic lineages. Furthermore, this study identified
source and sink populations within and among regions. Specifically, the northern population in west Australia (Scott Reef)
was identified, as the source for replenishment of the Abrolhos population, whilst New Caledonia was a source for recruitment
to the GBR. Based on these insights from a single mtDNA marker, this study will facilitate the development of rational management
plans for the conservation of P. leopardus populations and therefore mitigate the risk of population declines from anthropogenic influences. 相似文献
806.
Katleen Van Meel Benjamin Horemans Agnieszka Krata László Bencs Anna Jolanta Buczyñska Alin C. Dirtu Anna Worobiec René Van Grieken 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2010,8(2):157-163
Marine aerosols have extensively been monitored in the framework of a research project to investigate the inorganic and organic
nutrient fluxes of the atmospheric nitrogen input into the North Sea. As a part of this project bulk analysis was also performed
by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) on a total of 366 samples in order to provide detailed elemental composition.
Samples have been clustered per campaign and differences were related to backward trajectories. Elements as Cl, Si, and S
appeared to be the best tracers for coastal aerosols. Therefore they have been chosen to represent each campaign and to map
the seasonal variations. It is clear that Cl is an excellent tracer for oceanic trajectories, while a less clear correlation
between the soil dust components and the air mass trajectories is found. 相似文献
807.
808.
Francisco Alvarez-Cuadrado Ngo Van Long 《Journal of Environmental Economics and Management》2009,58(2):154-168
This paper proposes a welfare criterion that balances the need for development and the concern for the least advantaged generations, and explores its implications. This criterion, called the mixed Bentham–Rawls criterion, moderates the effect of discounting, yet permits some degree of intertemporal trade-off. It is a weighted average of two terms: (a) the sum of discounted utilities and (b) the utility level of the least advantaged generation. We derive necessary conditions to characterize growth paths that satisfy our criterion, and show that in some models with familiar dynamic specifications, an optimal path exists and displays appealing characteristics. 相似文献
809.
M. Yu. Semenov T. V. Khodzher V. A. Obolkin V. M. Domysheva L. P. Golobokova N. A. Kobeleva O. G. Netsvetaeva V. L. Potemkin R. Van Grieken N. Fukuzaki 《Chemistry and Ecology》2006,22(1):1-11
Data from 3-year-long observations on the chemical composition of precipitation, atmospheric gases, aerosols, soils, and surface waters at three monitoring stations in the Baikal region are presented. The stability of terrestrial ecosystems and surface waters to acidification has been estimated quantitatively. It has been shown that, unlike soils, surface waters of the Baikal watershed are more sensitive to acid deposition. The permissible acidity load for soils and surface waters of the territory varied from 0.30 to 20.00 keq ha-1 yr-1, whereas the maximal contemporary acidity load attains 0.50 keq ha-1 yr-1. 相似文献
810.
Diane Van Opstal Karin E.M. Diderich Marieke Joosten Lutgarde C.P. Govaerts Joke Polak Marjan Boter Jasper J. Saris Wai Yee Cheung Stefanie van Veen Robert van de Helm Attie T.J.I. Go Maarten F.C.M. Knapen Dimitri N.M. Papatsonis Anneke Dijkman Femke de Vries Robert-Jan H. Galjaard Lies H. Hoefsloot Malgorzata I. Srebniak 《黑龙江环境通报》2018,38(12):911-919