改性丝瓜络纤维对水体日落黄的吸附特性

采用化学改性的方法将丝瓜络制备为阴离子吸附剂,并将其用于水体日落黄(SY)染料的吸附,分别考察了吸附剂的用量、日落黄染料的初始浓度(C0)、p H值、温度(K)、时间(T)5个因素对吸附效果的影响。通过模拟吸附等温曲线、吸附动力学以及热力学方程并通过比表面积(BET)和红外光谱(FTIR)分析改性丝瓜络吸附染料前后和丝瓜络改性前后的变化情况以此探究其吸附机理。结果表明,p H对吸附效果影响不明显;最大吸附量随温度升高而增大,在298 K温度时最大吸附量达到137 mg/g,是未改性丝瓜络的9.78倍。Langmuir方程拟合吸附过程描述最好,吸附类别为化学吸附。吸附过程符合伪二级动力学,是一个自发和吸热的过程。改性丝瓜络可以有效去除水体中的日落黄染料。     

南京某城市污水二级处理系统中酞酸酯类的分布及去除特征

以南京某城市污水厂污水和污泥中的酞酸酯类（PAEs）为研究对象,分别采用固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用（SPE—Gc．Ms）和超声提取．气相色谱．质谱联用（USE—GC—Ms）检测其中的优先控制污染物邻苯二甲酸二甲酯（DMP）、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯（DEP）、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（DBP）和邻苯二甲酸单（2-乙基己基）酯（MEHP）,研究其在厌氧／好氧（A／O）污泥处理过程中的分布特征及降解规律。研究结果表明,各类PAEs在该污水厂的污水和污泥中均有检出,二级处理出水中4种酞酸酯类物质的浓度在0．151—2．419μg／L。污水中4种酞酸酯的分布规律为MEHP〉DBP〉DMP〉DEP,污泥中4种酞酸酯的分布规律为MEHP〉DBP〉DEP〉DMP。该污水厂二级处理工艺对4种PAEs的去除效果较明显,去除效率DBP〉DEP〉DMP〉MEHP．     

高效脱硫菌的筛选及其性能研究

从高硫污染的活性污泥中富集培养,分离纯化得到一株可以降解噻吩的菌株s_4,并对该菌株的形态特征进行观察。应用Design—Expert8．0．5b软件进行响应面优化实验,研究了反应时间、噻吩浓度、微生物浓度3个因素的组合对菌株s_4脱硫效果的影响,并拟合得到多元二次回归方程,得出最佳实验条件。拟合结果表明,当反应时间27．46h,噻吩浓度为1．04％,微生物浓度4．04％时,预测噻吩降解率为14．8％,通过验证得最佳条件下的降解率为14．3％,与预测值相符。     

南京某城市污水二级处理系统中酞酸酯类的分布及去除特征简

以南京某城市污水厂污水和污泥中的酞酸酯类（PAEs）为研究对象,分别采用固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用（SPE-GC-MS）和超声提取-气相色谱-质谱联用（USE-GC-MS）检测其中的优先控制污染物邻苯二甲酸二甲酯（DMP）、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯（DEP）、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（DBP）和邻苯二甲酸单（2-乙基己基）酯（MEHP）,研究其在厌氧/好氧（A/O）污泥处理过程中的分布特征及降解规律。研究结果表明,各类PAEs在该污水厂的污水和污泥中均有检出,二级处理出水中4种酞酸酯类物质的浓度在0.151~2.419 μg/L。污水中4种酞酸酯的分布规律为MEHP>DBP>DMP>DEP,污泥中4种酞酸酯的分布规律为MEHP>DBP>DEP>DMP。该污水厂二级处理工艺对4种PAEs的去除效果较明显,去除效率DBP>DEP>DMP>MEHP。     

Medium optimization for the production of anti-cyanobacterial substances by Streptomyces sp. HJC-D1 using response surface methodology

Bioremediation using isolated anti-cyanobacterial microorganism has been widely applied in harmful algal blooms (HABs) control. In order to improve the secretion of activated anti-cyanobacterial substances, and lower the cost, a sequential optimization of the culture medium based on statistical design was employed for enhancing the anti-cyanobacterial substances production and chlorophyll a (Chl a) removal by Streptomyces sp. HJC-D1 in the paper. Sucrose and KNO₃ were selected as the most suitable carbon and nitrogen sources based on the one-at-a-time strategy method, and sucrose, KNO₃ and initial pH were found as major factors that affected the anti-cyanobacterial ability of the isolated stain via the Plackett–Burman design. Based on the response surface and canonical analysis, the optimum condition of culture medium was obtained at 22.73 g l^-1 of sucrose, 0.96 g l^-1 of KNO₃, and initial pH 8.82, and the Chl a removal efficiency by strain HJC-D1 increased from 63?±?2 % to 78?±?2 % on the optimum conditions.     

二氧化钛脱除高温烟气中的氯化氢

HCl是城市垃圾焚烧产生的主要气体污染物之一。将一种新型脱氯剂TiO2引入到垃圾焚烧系统中,并与其他脱氯剂的性能进行比较。研究了不同脱氯剂使用量、不同反应温度和不同HCl气体浓度对TiO2、CaO和CaTiO3脱氯效果的影响。结果显示,TiO2能在高温(800~1 000℃)、高HCl浓度(1 303.6~1 629.5 mg/m3)下获得较好的脱氯效果。与传统的脱氯剂CaO相比,TiO2更适合于高温烟气脱氯,其在1 000℃时的氯容(36.3 mg HCl/g TiO2)几乎是相同情况下的CaO氯容(9.3 mg HCl/g CaO)的4倍。而CaTiO3的脱氯效果不但受到自身分解效率的影响,还受到TiO2和CaO脱氯效果的影响,其脱氯效果较差。     

Calculation Of Electric Field Strength Distributions For New Electrostatic Precipitator Discharge Electrode Designs

New collecting and discharge electrode configurations are being used in electrostatic precipitators. In order to mathematically model preclpitators with these arrangements, it is necessary to develop reliable models of the field strength distributions of these electrodeplate geometries. This paper presents the concept of an equivalent wire diameter and attenuation functions, permitting use of the well-known wire-plate calculations. Experimental data presented in this paper shows the approximation techniques are sufficiently accurate.     

Enhanced degradation of azo dye alizarin yellow R in a combined process of iron–carbon microelectrolysis and aerobic bio-contact oxidation

Purpose

With the aim of enhanced degradation of azo dye alizarin yellow R (AY) and further removal of the low-strength recalcitrant matter (LsRM) of the secondary effluent as much as possible, our research focused on the combination of aerobic bio-contact oxidation (ABO) with iron/carbon microelectrolysis (ICME) process.

Materials and methods

The combined ABO (with effective volume of 2.4?l) and ICME (with effectively volume of 0.4?l) process were studied with relatively short hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 4 or 6?h.

Results

At the HRT of 6?h with the reflux ratio of 1 and 2, the AY degradation efficiency in the final effluent was >96.5%, and the total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiency were 69.86% and 79.44%, respectively. At the HRT of 4?h and the reflux ratio of 2, TOC removal efficiency and AY degradation efficiency were 73.94% and 94.89%, respectively. The ICME process obviously enhanced the total AY removal and the generated micromolecule acids and aldehydes then that wastewater backflow to the ABO where they were further biodegraded.

Conclusion

The present research might provide the potential options for the advanced treatment azo dyes wastewater with short HRT and acceptable running costs.     

发挥网络优势 搭建服务平台 大力推进电子废弃物回收处理产业发展

<正>1供销合作社系统具有比较健全的再生资源回收网络,有利于再生资源的有效集中和高效利用我国人口众多,人均资源占有量远低于世界平均水平,重要资源短缺已成为制约经济社会发展的重要因素。再生资源回收利用作为一个传统行业,在建设资源节约型与环境友好型社会的新的历史时期,越来越引起各级政府的高度重视和全社会的广泛支持。     

厌氧折流板式微生物燃料电池堆影响因素研究

微生物燃料电池(MFC)中输出电压/电流的提升,以及反应器体积的扩展放大是其工程化应用的关键。本文构建了一个总体积为6.4 L的新型厌氧折流板式微生物燃料电池堆(ABSMFC)。以葡萄糖作为底物,探讨了阳极材料、液面高程差和水力停留时间(HRT)等因素对ABSMFC性能的影响。结果表明,碳纤维毡作为阳极时,电池单体外电路平均分压(R_(ex)=1 000Ω)为210 mV,填充石墨颗粒后增加到319.8 mV。格室间存在液面高程差时,电池单体、串联和并联的功率密度分别为207.1、181.1和215.7 mW/m~2,当无液面高程差(即水力相连)时为205.8、69.5和151.5 mW/m~2。4个电池单体串联和并联连接时,HRT对ABSMFC的产电稳定性无影响,溶解性COD的去除率和库仑效率均随HRT的增加而升高,且并联效果优于串联。