Soil labile and recalcitrant carbon and nitrogen dynamics in relation to functional vegetation groups along precipitation gradients in secondary grasslands of South China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Soil labile and recalcitrant carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) are strongly controlled by plant inputs and climatic conditions. However, the interrelation...     

Molecular,functional, and cellular alterations of oocytes and cumulus cells induced by heat stress and shock in animals

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Global warming is considered as the main environmental stress affecting ecosystems as well as physiological and biochemical characteristics, and...     

厌氧膜生物反应器的现状、挑战和前景

厌氧膜生物反应器(AnMBRs)不仅可以高效去除污染物,改善出水水质,而且可以实现生物能源回收,对保护环境和缓解能源危机具有重大意义。膜污染作为制约AnMBRs应用与推广的限制因素得到了大量关注,各种缓解和控制膜污染的方法和技术不断涌现。因此,对AnMBRs的运行机理、多元化应用、膜污染情况进行综述,并分析和评估了微生物电催化系统(BES)-AnMBRs组合工艺的可行性和发展潜力,以期为AnMBRs工程应用和未来发展提供理论和技术参考。     

钢渣预处理含铬废水及其废渣与铬渣的固化

用钢渣对含铬废水进行预处理,探讨了钢渣粒度、用量、废水pH值和添加硫酸亚铁还原剂的影响.结果表明,经硫酸亚铁还原处理后再用钢渣处理比单纯用钢渣处理的效果明显提高,采用钢渣/总铬质量比为40的100目钢渣处理经硫酸亚铁还原后的含铬废水,总铬和Cr6 去除率分别达79%和84%,采用钢渣柱进行的两级淋滤实验进一步表明该方法可作为工业上含铬废水处理的预处理段.处理后的废钢渣同工业铬渣一起进行水泥固化,标准养护20 d后固化体表面Cr6 浸出率、破碎至5 mm粒径以下和酸雨淋溶下的浸出液Cr6 浓度均符合安全标准,可作为普通建材或进行填埋处置.     

开创人口资源环境工作新局面

变人口大市为人力资源优势大市 人口问题实际上是一把"双刃剑",人口多是压力、是挑战,但如果开发利用得好,也可能转化为人力资源优势.对此,要结合实际,全面准确地加以把握.第一,准确把握中央强调人均GDP的战略意图,以人均水平论实力、看发展.中央在确定"十一五"的奋斗目标时,特别突出了人均GDP这个指标,体现了中央对经济社会发展中人口因素的高度重视,体现了中央把人的全面发展纳入经济社会发展全局来进行统筹考虑,推动经济社会发展切实转入科学发展轨道的战略意图.     

Enhanced arsenate removal from aqueous solution by Mn-doped MgAl-layered double hydroxides

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this study, Mn-doped MgAl-layered double hydroxides (LDHs) were successfully synthesized for efficient removal arsenate from aqueous solution. The...     

Dissipation,residues, and risk assessment of imidacloprid in Zizania latifolia and purple sweet potato under field conditions using LC-MS/MS

A shortened version of Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe method (QuEChERS) for determining the dissipation and residue of imidacloprid present in Zizania latifolia and purple sweet potato was established by using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The average recoveries of imidacloprid in the two crops ranged from 82.12 to 113.79%, with relative standard deviation (RSD) of <7.32%. The dissipation dynamics of imidacloprid in Z. latifolia plants and purple sweet potato plants followed first-order kinetics, with half-lives of 3.2–5.5?days in each of sampling locations. The terminal imidacloprid residues in Z. latifolia and purple sweet potato at each of location were <0.005–0.120?mg kg^?1. According to the risk assessment results, both the acute dietary risk quotient and chronic dietary risk quotient values were <1, indicating that imidacloprid is unlikely to pose health risks to humans with normal recommended use. The present study may serve as a valuable reference for the safe and reasonable use of imidacloprid in Z. latifolia and purple sweet potato fields.     

Distribution,source, and environmental risk assessment of phthalate esters (PAEs) in water,suspended particulate matter,and sediment of a typical Yangtze River Delta City,China

Phthalates (PAEs) in drinking water sources such as the Yangtze River in developing countries had aroused widespread concern. Here, the water, suspended particulate matter (SPM), and sediment samples were collected from 15 sites in wet and dry seasons in Zhenjiang, for the determination of six PAEs (DMP, DEP, DIBP, DBP, DEHP, and DOP) using the solid-phase extraction (SPE) or ultrasonic extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The total concentrations of six PAEs (Σ₆PAEs) spanned a range of 2.65–39.31 μg L^?1 in water, 1.97–34.10 μg g^?1 in SPM, and 0.93–34.70 μg g^?1 in sediment. The partition coefficients (K_d1) of PAEs in water and SPM phase ranged from 0.004 to 3.36 L g^?1 in the wet season and from 0.12 to 2.84 L g^?1 in the dry season. K_d2 of PAEs in water and sediment phase was 0.001–9.75 L g^?1 in the wet season and 0.006–8.05 L g^?1 in the dry season. The dominant PAEs were DIBP, DBP, and DEHP in water and SPM, DIBP, DEHP, and DOP in sediment. The concentration of DBP in water exceeded the China Surface Water Standard. The discharge of domestic sewage and industrial wastewater might be the main potential sources of PAEs. The risk quotient (RQ) method used for the risk assessment revealed that DBP (0.01 < RQ < 1) posed a medium risk, while DIBP and DEHP (RQ > 1) posed a high environmental risk in water, DIBP (RQ > 1) also showed a high risk in sediment.

     

公路路侧安全等级评价与分级路侧防护

为降低路侧事故率,提高路侧安全设计水平,综合分析影响交通安全的因素及其影响程度,提出了路侧危险度的概念,建立了基于灰色聚类理论的4级路侧安全等级评价方法.对评价对象的路侧安全状况及其变化趋势进行客观描述,进而提出了不同危险级别情况下应设置的防护设施.本研究对部分案例进行简要剖析,为工程技术人员和决策者识别公路安全整治的备选路段、确定安全改善项目实施的优先级、合理设置公路安全防护设施提供了理论依据.     

云南省区域人才竞争力研究

随着知识经济社会的进入,人才成为了社会经济发展最为重要的推动因素,不同区域的发展状态越来越决定于其人才的总体实力,即人才竞争力。本文从区域比较的角度出发,构建人才竞争力评价体系和模型,运用主成分分析方法对云南人才竞争力的特征以及在全国的位次进行分析。研究表明,2007年云南省人才竞争力综合得分为-4.4558,在全国31个省区中排名第23位,导致竞争力较弱的主要原因是区域科技活动水平和经济发展水平低。