解析化学防护服防护性能的重要指标--穿透性和渗透性

近年来，我国不断发生各种化学品泄漏事件，如氯气车间爆炸事件，以及危险品运输过程中因交通意外而发生的泄漏事件，设计开发出更科学、可靠的防护服产品使之在突发事件中能够保护现场人员以及应急处置人员的安全，成为安全工程师以及许多技术人员共同关心的问题。     

厦门海岸带湿地变化的研究

通过“压力-状态-响应”分析模型，对厦门海岸带湿地变化的主要原因（压力）、成分退化和结构改变（状态）以及对厦门海岸带生态系统的主要影响（响应力）之间的作用机制进行了探讨。提出厦门海岸带湿地面临的主要压力来自海岸带围垦造地、近海滩涂养殖和九龙江河口输入；状态变化突出表现在浅海海域面积的减少。红树林的面积减少。近岸泥沙淤积。沉积物类型改变和沉积物污染；主要影响是造成厦门海域水质下降、近海底橙生物类型改变、航道泥沙淤积、水产养殖产量下降和珍稀海洋物种分布和数量改变。     

滑行车类游乐设施动力学建模与仿真

根据滑行车类游乐设施运行速度高、加速度大、载荷工况复杂,发生事故后果非常严重的现状,认为深入的动力学分析、结构强度校核和寿命分析预测对保证其安全性尤为必要。因而分析滑行车的结构原理,提出其多体系统拓扑构型,包括轮轨关系模型、各零部件之间约束模型。运用图形学方法研究了滑行车轨道建模参数提取和坐标变换技术。通过仿真分析,在设计阶段就可获得滑行车在不同工况下运行时各部件的速度、加速度及载荷时间历程,为结构设计、安全性评估提供可靠依据。实例表明,分析结果与实测数据非常接近,所提出的建模方法是可行的。     

福建太姥山龙潭洞地质环境与景观资源特征

本文系统论述了福建太姥山龙潭洞所在地域的自然地理、区域地质及环境地质条件，并对龙潭洞的规模形态、形成机制及景观资源特点进行讨论，为龙潭洞旅游资源的开发利用及总体规划设计提供参考依据。     

船舶区域溢油风险程度甄别的人工神经网络方法

利用误差反向传播 (BP)人工神经网络 ,建立了海域船舶溢油风险程度甄别的评价模型。该模型能够反映出研究海域各区域发生船舶溢油事件的风险等级差别 ,具有一定的客观性和实用性。     

长江宜昌江段几种鱼类体中六六六、滴滴涕的残留水平

利用毛细管电子捕获气相色谱法测定了长江宜昌江段采集的几种鱼样组织内六六六(HCHs)、滴滴涕(DDTs)的残留量.结果表明,在鱼体肌肉、脂肪和肝脏这三种组织中,HCHs、DDTs主要蓄积在鱼体肝脏,其次是脂肪组织,肌肉组织中残留量较低.鱼体肌肉组织中HCHs残留量低于0.5 ng/g,肝脏中的HCHs是其脂肪组织的2倍,最高为27.6 ng/g,主要为悛睭CH所贡献,猹睭CH和洫睭CH未检出.DDTs在鱼体肌肉、脂肪和肝脏组织中的残留量分别为0.4～14.8、12.5～147、33.4～286 ng/g.鱼体组织中DDTs主要以p,p′-DDE的形式存在,p,p′-DDE残留量占∑DDTs的70%左右.与国内外不同水域的鱼体中HCHs、DDTs残留量相比较,长江宜昌江段鱼体肌肉中HCHs和DDTs残留水平较低.     

Separation of fine binary mixtures under vibration in a gas-solid fluidized bed with dense medium.

The coke-slag mixture discharged from water-air generators not only causes a serious environmental problem, but also is a potential resource. In order to obtain a high economic return, separation of fine binary mixtures in a vibrating fluidized bed with dense media was experimentally investigated. The effects of volume ratio (mono-component volume to dense medium volume or binary mixture volume to dense medium volume), the fluidization velocity and vibration parameters on separation efficiency are discussed. The experimental results show that vibration can prevent the coalescence and growth of bubbles and improve fluidization properties of particles and the stability of bed density. The major factors associated with separating efficiency are discussed. Based on the experiments, the ratio of the volume of particles to bed volume and the vibration conditions are also reported. It was found that the separation efficiency for a fine coke-slag mixture was greater than 70% and close to 80% under optimal conditions.     

Ultrafine particle emission characteristics of diesel engine by on-board and test bench measurement

This study investigated the emission characteristics of ultrafine particles based on test bench and on-board measurements. The bench test results showed the ultrafine particle number concentration of the diesel engine to be in the range of (0.56-8.35) × 10⁸ cm^-3. The on-board measurement results illustrated that the ultrafine particles were strongly correlated with changes in real-world driving cycles. The particle number concentration was down to 2.0 × 10⁶ cm^-3 and 2.7 × 10⁷ cm^-3 under decelerating and idling operations and as high as 5.0 × 10⁸ cm^-3 under accelerating operation. It was also indicated that the particle number measured by the two methods increased with the growth of engine load at each engine speed in both cases. The particle number presented a "U" shaped distribution with changing speed at high engine load conditions, which implies that the particle number will reach its lowest level at medium engine speeds. The particle sizes of both measurements showed single mode distributions. The peak of particle size was located at about 50-80 nm in the accumulation mode particle range. Nucleation mode particles will significantly increase at low engine load operations like idling and decelerating caused by the high concentration of unburned organic compounds.     

长白山温带森林挥发性有机物的排放通量

2010年夏季,在长白山温带森林开展了挥发性有机物(VOC)排放通量以及气象参数、PAR的综合测量.VOC排放通量采用松弛涡度积累(RelaxedEddyAccumulation)技术在森林冠层上进行测量.初步发现长白山阔叶林主要排放α-蒎烯、β-蒎烯、莰烯、香桧烯、月桂烯、蒈烯、柠檬烯、罗勒烯、松油烯、繖花烃、萜品油烯、三环烯等.研究表明,长白山阔叶混交林VOC排放有明显的日变化——早晚较低和中午前后较高.2010年夏季,单萜烯总排放通量的平均值为0.242mg·m·h-2-1,其变化范围为0.005～1.668mg·m·h-2-1;各成分排放通量的平均值(和最大值)分别为α-蒎烯0.072(0.234)、莰烯0.028(0.356)、月桂烯0.027(0.433)、蒈烯0.023(0.173)、柠檬烯0.037(0.197)、罗勒烯0.016(0.168)、萜品油烯0.053(0.320)、繖花烃0.067(0.755)mg·m·h-2-1.研究还发现VOC排放通量与气温之间存在一定的联系.