中小城市洗浴餐饮业的环境污染纠纷问题探讨

由于经济社会的发展和城市化水平的提高,中小城市洗浴餐饮业得到快速的发展,分析了由此带来的环境污染纠纷问题以及中小城市洗浴餐饮业发生环境污染纠纷增多的原因,并提出解决中小城市洗浴餐饮业环境污染纠纷的对策措施。     

城市污水处理厂污泥沉降影响因素研究

研究总结了目前城市污水处理厂污泥沉降影响的因素，概括总结了pH值、溶解氧、温度、盐度等环境因素以及磁场等外部环境因素对不同性状污泥的沉降影响。为污泥沉降脱水最佳条件提供了研究思路，也为污泥后续机械脱水提供了基础。     

水环境模拟中多孔介质非均质性空间变异最优估计模型

在生产实践中,经常要求对含水介质渗透性参数的空间分布数值作出可靠的估计.如何利用已知数据对指定点处的渗透性参数作出令人满意的估计,历来是水文地质工作者和应用数学工作者都关心的问题.文章应用能够刻画区域化变量随机性与结构性特征的地质统计学的理论和方法对能够反映多孔介质非均质特性的参数进行了分析,通过分析结果得出了参数空间变异性局部最优估计模型--普通克里格法.     

A rare case of de novo structural rearrangement of X chromosome diagnosed by amniocentesis

A dicentric X chromosome was found in a female fetus during cytogenetic studies performed on amniotic cells. Blood samples from the parents showed normal karyotypes and the pregnancy was terminated. The mechanism for the formation of this ‘de novo’ rearrangement is discussed.     

区域环评中大气环境容量估算的研究进展

目前,在大气环境影响评价中,区域大气环境容量的研究是实施大气污染物总量控制的前提.文章综述了大气污染物区域环境容量的主要影响因素、用于其计算的空气质量模型以及大气环境容量研究的一般步骤.现阶段应用较广泛的大气环境容量的预测模型有A-P值法模型、箱模型、线性优化模型、ADMS模型及多种模型相结合的复合模式等,通过研究分析,提出了现阶段大气环境容量研究存在的主要问题及其有效的解决途径.     

武汉市城市生活垃圾资源化处理的经济对策分析

对城市生活垃圾进行资源化处理,不仅有利于解决城市生活垃圾所带来的城市生态环境问题,而且能够获取部分城市发展所需的资源,是发展循环经济的重要环节之一。从武汉市城市生活垃圾资源化处理的现状入手,对武汉市城市生活垃圾在回收再利用、焚烧发电、堆肥等方面的资源化处理措施予以分析,指出武汉市应优先开展回收再利用,适度发展焚烧发电和堆肥的规模,并在此基础上借鉴日本、美国和德国等国城市生活垃圾资源化处理的先进经验,提出要提高城市生活垃圾回收的比率和效率,推进城市生活垃圾资源化处理的产业化发展,以促进武汉市城市生活垃圾的资源化处理进程。     

A participatory approach to the establishment of a baseline scenario for a reforestation Clean Development Mechanism project

This paper is part of a two-year study to investigate the feasibility of initiating a Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) project in an indigenous community of Eastern Panamá, Ipetí-Emberá. We use participatory mapping and matrices as well as household surveys to develop a land-use/land-cover baseline scenario and examine the role of local participation in assessing land-use change. In Ipetí, land-use change has not occurred in a linear way over the last decades, and our data unveils socio-economic factors as potential key drivers of change. The concordance that we observed between geographic information and individual and collective perceptions of land-use change substantiates the possibility of using local knowledge in the establishment of baseline data for CDM projects. Our calculations suggest that the total carbon (C) stocks in the Tierra Colectiva (TC) of Ipetí-Emberá in 2004 represents a 47% reduction from the estimated C stock at the onset of settlement in the early 1970’s. Results from the participatory assessments predict that, in 2024 and in absence of a CDM project, the C stocks will decline from 301,859 t C in 2004 to 155,730 t C, which constitutes a reduction of 52%. The scenario with CDM estimates C stocks of 305,853 t C for 2024, a value slightly superior to the 2004 value. In the TC there is ground to believe that cattle ranching is likely to become an ever more important activity as the population is young and growing and cannot easily move elsewhere. Forests tend to be cleared for cultivation while pastures are established on short fallows. Our baseline scenario underlines the potential for a CDM project to make a significant difference in the future C stocks of this landscape.     

连云港近海海域水质状况调查与评价

近海海域水环境对沿海城市的可持续发展具有重要意义.根据1997～2005年连云港近海海域水质监测资料,对海域的水质状况进行了分析和评价.结果表明,pH、DO和COD年际变幅不大且符合GB3097-1997第一类海水水质标准;1998-2002年油类含量超出国家二类水质标准,虽然近几年污染减弱,但总体来看,油类已成为该海域的主要污染物;无机氮和活性磷酸盐虽然没有超出二类标准,但逐年有上升趋势;NO3-N和NO2-N的全年最高值多在8、9、10月,与该季节河品泄洪将大量营养物质带入大海有关,有可能引发赤潮,应引起相关部门注意.     

离子膜电解法降解苯胺硝基苯废水的研究

文章采用离子膜电解法对低浓度苯胺、硝基苯废水进行处理,对影响降解效果的几种因素进行了研究。实验结果表明:在常温,电压为4V,pH值为3时,电解0.5h苯胺去除率可达98.0%,硝基苯去除率为65.3%;4.5h后苯胺去除率可达99.7%,硝基苯去除率可达90.3%,TOC去除率为91.8%。同时,离子交换膜的加入还能去除废水中的盐分,为后续生化处理提供了有利条件。