陈垃圾特性分析及其适用性评价

对深圳市盐田区垃圾场处置工程陈垃圾特性进行了分析，结果表明，场内陈垃圾已基本腐熟，相对附近农田土壤，陈垃圾中的营养物质较高，接近但尚未完全达到农用垃圾肥标准，且铅含量超标２～３ 倍，不宜进入食物链。但陈垃圾可用作市区绿化地带、公园、苗圃、林业等处的有机肥和垃圾填埋场封场工程的表层营养土     

利用造纸黑液制水煤浆添加剂新技术

生产水煤浆所需的添加剂，因价格居高不下而影响这种煤基液体燃料的发展。利用碱法造纸黑液和经改造的造纸生产设备，将浓缩黑液稍加酸化、磺化处理后在一定压力、温度下反应，可制成性能良好的添加剂，利用该添加剂生产１吨水煤浆只增加约１０元成本。     

水泥厂烟气低温脱硫技术初探

水泥生产过程中燃煤产生的二氧化硫是当今主要的大气污染物 ,对水泥厂排放的废气进行治理是环境保护的重要课题之一。本文介绍了对水泥厂烟气进行低温脱硫的研究成果 ,阐述了喷雾干燥技术用于水泥厂废气脱硫的原理、设计方法     

胡椒养分含量状况的研究

胡椒大、中量元素的含量在不同树龄中有所不同，幼龄期以氮最高，其Ｎ：Ｐ２Ｏ３：Ｋ２Ｏ：Ｃａ：Ｍｇ为１：０．１５：０．５３－０．９：０．２２－０．３８：０．１５－０．３０；成年龄则以Ｋ２Ｏ最高，Ｎ：Ｐ２Ｏ３：Ｋ２Ｏ：Ｃａ：Ｍｇ为１：０．１３：１．３２：０．４４：０．１６．在不施微肥的情况下，胡椒叶片缺Ｂ、Ｍｏ、Ｚｎ．成年龄胡椒各养分含量都是从萌芽期（收获后）开始，随生育期的进展而增加，到果实成熟期下降．一株中产胡椒Ｎ、Ｐ２Ｏ５、Ｋ２Ｏ总吸收量为２８２．４ｇ，其比例为１：０．１９：０．９．     

炼油厂汽提废水预处理工业试验

炼油厂汽提废水含较高浓度的酚 ,会对污水处理场产生冲击。采用上流式曝气生物滤池对废水进行预处理工业试验 ,取得了满意的试验结果 :出水酚浓度低于 9.0mg/L ,酚降解率 >90 % ,完全可以消除它对污水处理场的冲击。并通过工业试验为工艺设计和工业运行确定了有关参数和运行条件。     

喷雾增湿塔用离心式雾化器的设计

在分析各种运行参数对雾化效果影响的基础上 ,介绍了喷雾增湿塔用离心式雾化器的选型与放大设计的方法。     

Decolorization of textile wastewater by photo-fenton oxidation technology

This paper describes the use of photo-fenton process for color removal from textile wastewater stream. The wastewater sample to be treated was simulated by using colorless polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and reactive dyestuff of R94H. As a result, the hydroxyl radical (HO*) oxidation can effectively remove color, but the chemical oxygen demand (COD) was removed in a slight degree. The color removal is markedly related with the amount of HO* formed. The optimum pH for both the OH* formation and color removal occurs at pH 3-5. Up to 96% of color can be removed within 30 min under the studied conditions. Due to the photoreduction of ferric ion into ferrous ion, color resurgence was observed after 30 min. The ferrous dosage and UV power affect the color removal in a positive way, however, the marginal benefit is less significant in the higher range of both. PVA as the major background COD of a textile wastewater stream inhibits the color removal insignificantly as its concentration increases.     

Dynamic mathematical model for biotransformation and mass transfer of livestock generated VOC-odor in a bioactive dust practice system

A multi-step mass transfer-biodegradation model is developed to describe the bioactive adsorber dynamics for the biotreatment of livestock generated odor causing VOCs (VOC-odor) based on a biologically active dust particle (BADP) process. The BADP process employs dust particles with adsorbat-acclimated microbial culture to form the bioactivated dust particles (BDP) for the simultaneously adsorption, mass transfer, and biodegradation of VOC-odor. The model incorporating age and size distributions of BDP considers the equilibrium partitioning of VOC-odor at BDP and bulk gas interface that followed by two kinetic processes occurring in the bulk and solid phases: bulk gas mass transfer-biodegradation and BDP biofilm diffusion-biodegradation. Analytical equations indicate that the overall biotransformation rate of VOC-odor in a BADP process is controlled by BDP-bulk gas equilibrium processes represented by the slowest of two kinetic processes determined by a dimensionless group: the Thiele modulus (phi 2), the Damkohler number (Da) and the Biot number (Bi). Computer simulations demonstrate that the most favorable performance of a BADP system in reducing VOC-odor concentrations is operated under Bi < 1, Da < 1, or Bi > 1 phi 2 < 1; indicating diffusion-biodegradation controlled. The dimensionless group can be used to identify the dominant rate-limiting processes and to evaluate the overall biomineralization rate in a BADP process. Simulation results allow the determination of preliminary design for prototype development.     

Anaerobic digestion of polyelectrolyte flocculated waste activated sludge

This work examined how adding one of three polyelectrolyte flocculants (T3052: cationic, T2000: non-ionic, and T1052: anionic) affected the anaerobic digestion of wastewater sludge. Methane production, floc characteristics (morphology and zeta-potential) and process parameters (soluble chemical oxygen demands (SCODs) and reductive potentials) were monitored along the digestion tests. The digestion rates of T2000- and T1052-conditioned sludge resembled that for original sludge. The T3052-flocculated sludge generated methane at a higher rate during the first 6 days of digestion than did the original one. In the following stage, the digestion rate of sludge flocculated with T3052 at dosage exceeding 15 g/kg dried solids declined. For example, at 40 days of digestion the methane production amounts for original, 15 g/kg DS flocculated, and 40 g/kg flocculated sludge were of 136, 105, and 85 g/kg DS, respectively. The role of flocculants could change in different stages of digestion.The dosed polymers had no apparent toxicity to the inoculum used. The changes in SCOD, adenosintriphosphate concentrations, oxidative and reductive potential, and zeta-potentials did not correlate with the noted hindered digestion for T3052-conditioned sludge. Microphotographic observation revealed that the flocs of T3052-conditioned sludge were not only of a large size, but also were resistant to structural deterioration during digestion. Therefore, mass transfer resistance was proposed to account for the hindered digestion efficiency observed for T3052-conditioned sludge.     

Evaluation of PCDD/Fs patterns emitted from incinerator via direct ambient sampling and indirect serum levels assessment of Taiwanese

The aim of this study was to evaluate the PCDD/Fs patterns in ambient air based on data information emitted from incinerator generated from ambient air measurements and those in serum. Four circular zones, namely A, B, C, and D, were identified based on simulated ambient annual average PCDD/Fs concentrations, from a selected municipal waste incinerator. Sixteen ambient samples were taken from the 4 circular zones across 4-seasons. Eighty-nine volunteers were recruited according to the demographic distribution within each zone. PCDD/Fs profiles were documented both for air and serum samples collected. Comparing to the congener patterns from ambient air and serum samples, we found that OCDD, OCDF, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD, and 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF were the predominant groups among 17 congeners from both the ambient air and serum sample. And, factor analysis showed the distribution patterns of PCDD/Fs from ambient air and serum samples are almost identical across different zones, except for congener patterns of serum samples from residents in zone C. In addition, the average PCDD/Fs level significantly reduced for about 10 folds than those of the other three seasons when the incinerator was shut down in one of sampling periods. We might conclude that ambient air exposure was the most important contributor to PCDD/Fs levels in ambient air but not the single in serum. Therefore, another or more powerful source, such as occupational exposure, dietary intake or the consumption of local food, should be further investigated at the same time.