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991.
Salah A. Soliman Nabila S. Ahmed Kawther S. El‐Gendy Ahmed S. El‐Bakary Abd‐El‐Khalek H. El‐Sebae 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(5):401-411
Abstract The susceptibility of wild mallard ducklings to the delayed neurotoxic effect of the neurotoxic organophosphorus insecticides cyanofenphos and leptophos was evaluated following a daily dosing regimen. Ducklings were treated daily with either cyanofenphos or with leptophos at different dose levels for 90 days, or until they died, or became paralyzed. A control group of ducklings given corn oil at 1 ml/kg daily for 90 days was used for comparison. All treated birds were observed daily for any clinical signs of neurotoxicity during the course of this study. All of the surviving ducklings that were treated with cyanofenphos at 4 mg/kg/day or leptophos at 10 mg/kg/day developed clinical signs of delayed neurotoxicity after 7 to 11 weeks of intoxication. Symptoms included leg weakness, ataxia, severe ataxia and paralysis. The observed clinical signs were confirmed by histological changes found in the spinal cords of the treated birds. These changes were of the type associated with organophosphorus‐induced delayed neuropathy (OPIDN). These results demonstrate that wild mallard ducklings are susceptible to OPIDN and this avian species can be used in screening organophos‐phorus compounds for such effect. 相似文献
992.
Jordi Figuerola Iris Charalambidou Luis Santamaria Andy J. Green 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2010,97(6):555-565
Long distance dispersal may have important consequences for gene flow and community structure. The dispersal of many plants
depends on transport by vertebrate seed dispersers. The shapes of seed shadows produced by vertebrates depend both on movement
patterns of the dispersers and on the dynamics and effects of passage through the disperser’s gut (i.e. the retention time,
survival and germination of ingested seeds). A combination of experiments with captive waterbirds and aquatic plant seeds
was used to analyse the following: (a) the effects of inter- and intra-specific variation in seed size and duck species on
seed retention time in the gut and (b) the relationship between retention time and the percent germination and germination
rates of seeds. Among the three Scirpus species used, those with smaller seeds showed higher survival after ingestion by birds and longer retention times inside
their guts than those with larger seeds. For Potamogeton pectinatus, only seeds from the smaller size class (<8 mg) survived ingestion. Retention time affected the percent germination and germination
rate of Scirpus seeds but in a manner that varied for the different plant and bird species studied. We recorded both linear and non-linear
effects of retention time on percent germination. In addition, germination rate was positively correlated with retention time
in Scirpus litoralis but negatively correlated in Scirpus lacustris. Small seed size can favour dispersal over larger distances. However, the effects of retention time on percent germination
can modify the seed shadows produced by birds due to higher percent germination of seeds retained for short or intermediate
periods. The changes in dispersal quality associated with dispersal distance (which is expected to be positively related to
retention time) will affect the probability of seedling establishment over longer distances and, thus, the spatial characteristics
of the effective seed shadow. 相似文献
993.
994.
YOAN PAILLET LAURENT BERGÈS JOAKIM HJÄLTÉN PÉTER ÓDOR CATHERINE AVON MARKUS BERNHARDT‐RÖMERMANN RIENK‐JAN BIJLSMA LUC DE BRUYN MARC FUHR ULF GRANDIN ROBERT KANKA LARS LUNDIN SANDRA LUQUE TIBOR MAGURA SILVIA MATESANZ ILONA MÉSZÁROS M.‐TERESA SEBASTIÀ WOLFGANG SCHMIDT TIBOR STANDOVÁR BÉLA TÓTHMÉRÉSZ ANNELI UOTILA FERNANDO VALLADARES KAI VELLAK RISTO VIRTANEN 《Conservation biology》2010,24(4):1157-1160
995.
996.
Abstract: Modern global temperature and land cover and projected future temperatures suggest that tropical forest species will be particularly sensitive to global warming. Given a moderate greenhouse gas emissions scenario, fully 75% of the tropical forests present in 2000 will experience mean annual temperatures in 2100 that are greater than the highest mean annual temperature that supports closed‐canopy forest today. Temperature‐sensitive species might extend their ranges to cool refuges, defined here as areas where temperatures projected for 2100 match 1960s temperatures in the modern range. Distances to such cool refuges are greatest for equatorial species and are particularly large for key tropical forest areas including the Amazon and Congo River Basins, West Africa, and the upper elevations of many tropical mountains. In sum, tropical species are likely to be particularly sensitive to global warming because they are adapted to limited geographic and seasonal variation in temperature, already lived at or near the highest temperatures on Earth before global warming began, and are often isolated from cool refuges. To illustrate these three points, we examined the distributions and habitat associations of all extant mammal species. The distance to the nearest cool refuge exceeded 1000 km for more than 20% of the tropical and less than 4% of the extratropical species with small ranges. The biological impact of global warming is likely to be as severe in the tropics as at temperate and boreal latitudes. 相似文献
997.
Rogelio Cruz-Martínez Adolfo Etchegaray Saulo Molina-Giraldo Belen Nieto-Castro Enrique Gil Guevara Joaquin Bustillos Miguel Martínez-Rodríguez Alma Gámez-Varela Daniel Saldivar-Rodríguez Erendira Chávez-González Rodolfo Keller Ricardo Russo Eduardo Yepez-García Fausto Coronel-Cruz Johnatan Torres-Torres Alejandro Rojas-Macedo Daniel Ibarra-Ríos Ricardo Ordorica-Flores Jaime Nieto-Zermeño Manuel Alcocer-Alcocer 《黑龙江环境通报》2019,39(7):519-526
998.
Luisa F. Mariscal-Mendizábal Rosalba Sevilla-Montoya Alfonso J. Martínez-García Carmen Alaez-Verson Irma E. Monroy-Muñoz Javier Pérez-Durán Jorge A. Cerón-Albarrán Karol Carrillo-Sánchez Carolina Molina-Garay Luis L. Flores-Lagunes Marco Jimenez-Olivares Mónica Aguinaga-Ríos 《黑龙江环境通报》2019,39(11):998-1004
999.
Dora Sheau‐Yun Chiang Everett W. Glover Jeff Peterman Joseph Harrigan Bill DiGuiseppi David S. Woodward 《补救:环境净化治理成本、技术与工艺杂志》2008,19(1):19-37
1,4‐Dioxane entered the environment as a result of historic leaks and spills in the production area at an industrial facility in the southeastern coastal plain. The areal extent of the 1,4‐dioxane plume is several hundred acres and is largely contained on the site. Land use adjacent to the plant property is primarily undeveloped (wetlands or woods) or industrial, with a small area of mixed land use (commercial/residential) to the southwest and north. The surficial aquifer is a relatively simple hydrogeologic system with well‐defined boundaries and is comprised of a 50‐ to 70‐foot‐thick deposit of alluvial/fluvial sand and gravel that overlies an aquitard in excess of 100 feet thick. A groundwater flow model, developed and calibrated using field‐measured data, was used for the fate‐and‐transport modeling of 1,4‐dioxane. The flow‐and‐transport model, combined with the evaluation of other site geochemical data, was used to support the selection of monitored natural attenuation (MNA) as the proposed groundwater remedy for the site. Since the active sources of contamination have been removed and the modeling/field data demonstrated that the plume was stable and not expanding, the proposed MNA approach was accepted and approved by the regulatory agency for implementation in 2004. Subsequent accumulated data confirm that concentrations in the 1,4‐dioxane plume are declining as predicted by the fate‐and‐transport modeling. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
1000.