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61.
Mahla Hosseini Vardei Abdolrasoul Salmanmahiny Seyed Masoud Monavari Mir Masoud Kheirkhah Zarkesh 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2014,186(11):7335-7347
Population growth, during the twentieth century, has increased demand for new farmlands. Accordingly, road networks have rapidly been developed to facilitate and accelerate human access to the essential resources resulted in extensive land use changes. The present study aims at assessing cumulative effects of developed road network on tree cover of Golestan Province in northern Iran. In order to detect changes over the study period of 1987–2002, the LULC map of the study area was initially prepared from the satellite images of Landsat TM (1987) and ETM+ (2002) using maximum likelihood supervised classification method. Afterwards, a total number of seven landscape matrices were selected to detect cumulative effects of the developed road network on woodland cover. The obtained results indicated that the fragile patches are mainly located at a distance of 171–342 m from the roadside. Furthermore, the majority of the patches affected by cumulative effects of development activities are situated at a distance of 342–684 m from the roadside, over an approximate area of 55 ha. The analysis of landscape metrics revealed that the developed road network has increased the landscape metrics of “the number of patches” and “patches perimeter-area ratio”. It has also followed by a decrease in metrics such as “patches area”, “Euclidean nearest neighbor distance”, “patches proximity”, “shape index”, “contiguity”, and “mean patches fractal dimension”. The road network has also increased the “number of patches” and decreased the “mean patches area” representing further fragmentation of the landscape. With identification of highly affected wooldland cover patches, it would be possible to apply adaptive environmental management strategies to preserve and rehabilitate high-priority patches. 相似文献
62.
Monitoring and assessment of the coastal aquifers are becoming a worldwide concern for the need of additional and sustainable water resources to satisfy demographic growth and economic development. A hydrochemical and geoelectrical investigation was conducted in the El-Omayed area in the northwestern coast of Egypt. The aim of the study was to delineate different water-bearing formations, provide a general evaluation of groundwater quality, and identify the recharge sources in aquifers. Thirty-seven water samples were collected and chemically analyzed from the sand dune accumulations and oolitic limestone aquifers. Fifteen profiles of vertical electrical soundings (VESs) were obtained in the oolitic limestone aquifer to examine the variations of subsurface geology and associated groundwater chemistry. The groundwater reserves in the El-Omayed area are mainly contained in sand dune accumulations and oolitic limestone aquifers. The aquifer of sand dune accumulations contains freshwater of low salinity (average total dissolved solids (TDS)?=?974 mg/l). Groundwater of oolitic limestone aquifer is slightly brackish (average TDS?=?1,486 mg/l). Groundwater of these aquifers can be used for irrigation under special management for salinity control, and regular leaching as indicated by electrical conductivity and sodium adsorption ratio. Results of VES interpretation classified the subsurface sequence of oolitic limestone aquifer into four geoelectric zones, with increasing depth, calcareous loam, gypsum, oolitic limestone, and sandy limestone. Oolitic limestone constitutes the main aquifer and has a thickness of 12–32 m. 相似文献
63.
Maria Klavarioti Konstantinos Kostarelos Anahita Pourjabbar Masoud Ghandehari 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(9):5849-5860
There is an imperative need for a chemical sensor capable of remote, in situ, long-term monitoring of chemical species at sites containing toxic chemical spills, specifically at chemical waste dumps, landfills, and locations with underground storage tanks. In the current research, a series of experiments were conducted measuring the near-infrared optical absorption of alkanes, aromatics, and chlorinated hydrocarbons. A spectral library was then developed to characterize the optical spectra of liquid hydrocarbons. Near-infrared analysis was chosen due to compatibility with optical fibers. The goal was to differentiate between classes of hydrocarbons and to also discriminate between compounds within a class of similar molecular structures. It was observed that unique absorption spectra can be obtained for each hydrocarbon, and this uniqueness can be used to discriminate between hydrocarbons from different families. Statistical analyses, namely, principal component analysis (PCA) and correlation coefficient (Spearman and Pearson methods), were attempted to match absorption spectra from an unknown hydrocarbon with the database with limited success. An algorithm was subsequently written to identify the characteristic peaks of each hydrocarbon that could be used to match data from an unknown chemical species with the database. 相似文献
64.
Hatami Manesh Masoud Haghshenas Arash Mirzaei Mohsen Azadi Hossein Marofi Safar 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2021,43(10):3897-3919
Environmental Geochemistry and Health - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are an important group of compounds of major environmental concern, which are in the class of persistent organic... 相似文献
65.
Trend and concentrations of legacy lead (Pb) in highway runoff 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Kayhanian M 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2012,160(1):169-177
This study presents the results of lead (Pb) concentrations from both highway runoff and contaminated soil along 32 and 23 highway sites, respectively. In general, the Pb concentration on topsoil (0-15 cm) along highways was much higher than the Pb concentration in subsurface soil (15-60 cm). The Pb deposited on soil appears to be anthropogenic and a strong correlation was found between the Pb concentration in surface soil and highway runoff in urban areas. The concentration of Pb measured during 1980s from highways runoff throughout the world was up to 11 times higher than the measured values in mid 1990 s and 2000s. The current Pb deposited on soil near highways appears to be a mixture of paint, tire weight balance and old leaded gasoline combustion. Overall, the Pb phase-out regulation reduced the Pb deposits in the environment and consequently lowered Pb loading into receiving waters. 相似文献
66.
Characteristics of highway stormwater runoff. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Younghan Han Sim-Lin Lau Masoud Kayhanian Michael K Stenstrom 《Water environment research》2006,78(12):2377-2388
Highway stormwater runoff was monitored at three highway sites in Los Angeles, California, during the 2000 to 2003 wet seasons. Event mean concentrations (EMCs), partial event mean concentrations (PEMCs), and mass first flush (MFF) factors were calculated for more than 20 water quality parameters for samples from 20 storm events from each site. The early runoff had higher concentrations, as indicated by the PEMCs at 30 and 60 minutes into the storm, which were 1.9 to 7.4 times higher than the EMCs. A strong first flush was observed for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and other organic pollutants, with 40% of the pollutant mass being discharged in the first 20% of the runoff. A weak first flush was observed for ionic pollutants, such as nitrate and nitrite. Pearson correlation analyses of the EMCs, PEMCs, and MFFs showed strong correlations among dissolved organic carbon, COD, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, oil and grease, and ammonia-nitrogen. Contrary to generally held beliefs, poor correlation between total suspended solids and most other conventional pollutants was observed. In addition, poor correlation between most monitored pollutants and storm characteristics, except for antecedent dry days, was observed. 相似文献
67.
Dadras Chomachayi Masoud Jalali-arani Azam Martínez Urreaga Joaquín 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2021,29(8):2585-2597
Journal of Polymers and the Environment - In this research, the effect of reprocessing on the properties of poly(lactic acid)/poly(ε-caprolactone) (PLA/PCL) blends reinforced with silk... 相似文献
68.
Khani Masoud Mousavi Seyyed Ebrahim Pahlavanzadeh Hassan Ale Ebrahim Habib Mozaffari Abbas 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2019,26(10):9686-9696
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In the present study, a detailed investigation was carried out on MoO3 alumina-supported catalysts behavior in selective catalytic reduction of SO2 to... 相似文献
69.
Masoud Kavosh Kumar Patchigolla John Oakey 《International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control》2010,4(4):603-612
This paper explores the integration and evaluation of a power plant with a CaO-based CO2 capture system. There is a great amount of recoverable heat in the CaO-based CO2 capture process. Five cases for the possible integration of a 600 MW power plant with CaO-based CO2 capture process are considered in this paper. When the system is configured so that recovered heat is used to replace part of the boiler heat load (Case 2), modelling not only shows that this is the system recovering the most heat of 1008.8 MW but also results in the system with the lowest net power output of 446 MW and the second lowest of efficiency of 34.1%. It is indicated that system performance depends both on the amount of heat recovery and the type of heat utilization. When the system is configured so that a 400 MW power plant is built using the recovered heat (Case 4), modelling shows that this is the system with the most net power output of 846 MW, the highest efficiency of 36.8%, the lowest cost of electricity of 54.3 €/MWh and the lowest cost of CO2 avoided of 28.9 €/tCO2. This new built steam cycle will not affect the operation of the reference plant which vents its CO2 to the atmosphere, highly reducing the connection between the CO2 capture process and the reference plant which vents its CO2 to the atmosphere. The average cost of electricity and the cost of CO2 avoided of the five cases are about 58.9 €/kWh and 35.9 €/tCO2, respectively. 相似文献
70.
Ghorbani Amir Mousazadeh Hossein Taheri Fatemeh Ehteshammajd Shaghayegh Azadi Hossein Yazdanpanah Masoud Khajehshahkohi Alireza Tanaskovik Vjekoslav Van Passel Steven 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2021,23(8):11792-11817
Environment, Development and Sustainability - This study is an attempt to develop ecotourism in Nehbandan County, in the South Khorasan Province, Iran, by representing unknown areas that have... 相似文献