Synthesis of Polylactide-b-Poly (Dimethyl Siloxane) Block Copolymers and Their Blends with Pure Polylactide

The synthesis of polylactide (PLA)-b-poly (dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) linear block copolymers and their use in blends with pure-PLA are described. PLA-b-PDMS linear block copolymers were obtained by the transesterification reaction in chloroform solution between poly(dimethyl siloxane) bis (2-aminopropyl ether) (molecular weight 2,000?Da) with PLA in the presence of stannous octoate. Molecular weights (Mw) of the block copolymers were varied from 53,800 to 63,600?Da while that of pristine PLA was 73,600?Da. The copolymers obtained were purified by fractional precipitation and then characterized by ¹H NMR, FTIR, GPC, viscometry and DSC techniques. Blends of pure PLA with PLA-b-PDMS block copolymers displayed improved elastic properties (elongation up to 140%) compared to pure PLA (elongation ~9%). Thermal, mechanical and morphological characterization of the blends were also conducted.     

Indoor and outdoor radon measurements at lung cancer patients’ homes in the dwellings of Rize Province in Turkey

In this study, indoor and outdoor radon (²²²Rn) surveys were carried out in the summer and winter seasons in homes of one hundred lung cancer patients in the year 2013–2014. The aim was to investigate the relationship between radon and cancer patients. Lung cancer patients completed a questionnaire concerning their living environment, various physical parameters and living habits. Pearson correlation and t tests revealed no meaningful results between radon concentrations, on one hand, and environmental and personal living habits, on the other hand. Consequently, the BEIR VI model was adapted and ²²²Rn exposure was estimated to be responsible for about 12% of the lung cancer incidences in the winter season and around 5% in the summer season in the Rize Province. However, due to the limited number of data and numerous parameters that could lead to lung cancer, the estimations done with the model should be taken very lightly. The annual effective doses due to inhalation of indoor and outdoor ²²²Rn were estimated to be, respectively, 1.43 and 0.94 mSv y^?1. The indoor and outdoor annual effective doses were, respectively, close and below the world annual effective dose (1.3 mSv y^?1). At the district level, the indoor annual effective dose equivalent in the ?yidere district was 4.52 mSv y^?1, which was 3.5 times greater than the world average. The number of patients in the majority of the houses in this district was more than one.     

The seasonal distribution of heavy metals in Mussel sample from Yalova in the Marmara Sea, 2008�C2009

Concentration of the some heavy metals (Co, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn) Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis from Yalova (Marmara Sea) were investigated seasonally. The mean concentrations of Co, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn in the soft tissues were 4.08 ± 0.67, 5.54 ± 0.59, 156.72 ± 20.18, 3.71 ± 1.14, 2.92 ± 0.51 and 106.23 ± 5.66 mg kg(?-1) dry weights, respectively. There were no significant differences between the metal concentrations among the seasons (P > 0.05). The mean Pb and Zn concentrations were higher than the acceptable limit proposed by International Turkish standards.     

Ecotoxicological risk assessment for sediments of Çavuşlu stream in Giresun,Turkey: association between garbage disposal facility and metallic accumulation

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The objective of this paper was to stress the possible potential toxic element (PTE) accumulation in the surface sediments of the Çavu?lu...     

云南腾冲地区大气降水中氢氧稳定同位素特征

为了揭示腾冲地区降水中氢氧稳定同位素特征,利用2009年1月～2011年12月腾冲地区339个降水样品资料,对降水中的氢、氧同位素组成及其影响因素进行了分析和研究。结果表明：腾冲地区大气降水中δ18O值变化范围为-2678‰～405‰,δD值变化范围为-20095‰～3689‰,均处于全球降水δ18O与δD值变化范围内。天气尺度下,腾冲地区降水中δ18O的变化具有显著的降水量效应以及反温度效应。但是,在季风降水期间,如果相邻两天都有降水发生时,腾冲地区降水中δ18O值变化并不一定遵循“降水量效应”。利用ECMWF（European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts）提供的TCWV（Total Column Water Vapour）再分析资料,发现TCWV与δ18O的日变化存在明显的反位相对应关系。腾冲地区的大气降水线为：δD=818δ18O+1172,斜率与截距均比全球和全国的大气降水线偏大,说明该地区气候湿润多雨。d值分布具有季节差异,在雨季（4～9月）,腾冲地区降水的水汽主要来源于低纬度海洋,空气湿度大,降水中d值较小;在干季（10～3月）,由于受大陆性气团控制,腾冲地区降水的水汽主要来源于西风带的输送以及局地再蒸发水汽的补充,空气湿度小,降水中d值较大     

基于遥感数据的PM2.5与城市化的时空关系研究——以成渝城市群为例

采用1998~2013年卫星遥感影像反演的PM2.5全球高精度产品数据集,结合GIS空间分析、地理加权回归（GWR）以及地理探测器等方法,系统地分析了成渝城市群城市化与PM2.5分布之间的关系。结果表明：（1）1998~2013年成渝城市群城市化速度较快,城市区域的PM2.5均值明显高于非城市区域,说明城市化对PM2.5具有一定的影响;（2）近16 a PM2.5重心与城市重心整体上都向东南方向移动,且两者每年在经度上的波动方向基本相反;（3）夜间灯光数据与PM2.5在空间分布上具有较好的一致性,且1998~2013年两者的GWR全局R2在0.86~0.95之间,相关性显著,研究区内城市化和人类活动对PM2.5的分布具有明显影响;（4）地理探测分析表明不同城市化因子对PM2.5影响差异显著,从2006到2013年城区人口密度和建成区绿化覆盖率逐渐成为成渝城市群PM2.5分布的主要影响因子。     

Radiological hazard assessment of natural gross radioactivity in some cosmetic products

Many kinds of cosmetic products were analyzed to determine gross radioactivity. In this study, gross alpha/beta radioactivity concentrations in 51 cosmetic samples were determined. The examined cosmetic products consist of blusher, eye shadow, lipstick, nail polish, shampoo, hand cream, cellulite cream, baby powder, soap, and toothpaste. The gross alpha–beta activity concentrations were measured with a nuclear spectroscopic system which contains gas-flow proportional counters. The highest gross alpha/beta activity concentrations were found in eye shadow samples of 1.621Bq g^?1 for alpha and 6.471Bq g^?1 for beta. The total effective doses due to gross radioactivity for skin were calculated. Although the effective dose of eye shadow samples had the highest value, the effective doses due to gross radioactivity concentrations in this study were found to be lower than the radiological limits given by the authorities.     

Prenatal diagnosis of autosomal recessive osteopetrosis,infantile type,by X-ray evaluation

Prenatal diagnosis for infantile osteopetrosis was attempted during the third pregnancy of a first-cousin marriage whose family history revealed an affected previous child. At the 25th week of pregnancy, fetal X-ray evaluation revealed marked sclerosis of osteopetrotic bone and metaphyseal splaying and clubbing of both femurs. The pregnancy was terminated and repeated X-rays and histopathological examination of fetal bone (femur) confirmed the diagnosis.     

姚桥煤矿矿井水净化处理计算机控制系统设计

姚桥煤矿采用水力循环澄清池和重力式无阀滤池相结合的方法处理矿井水，是一种经济可靠的矿井水净化处理工艺。工程设计了一种实现该处理工艺的计算机控制系统，具有较好的灵活性、较高的可靠性和可维护性。     

Treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater containing antibiotics by O3 and O3/H2O2 processes

Ozonation of three different synthetic pharmaceutical formulation wastewater containing two human antibiotics and a veterinary antibiotic has been studied to enhance the their biodegradability. The effects of pH and initial chemical oxygen demand (COD) value as well as addition of hydrogen peroxide on ozonation process were investigated. Total organic carbon (TOC), COD, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and aromatic content (UV254) were the parameters followed to evaluate the performance of ozonation process. Comparison of the biodegradability of selected wastewaters containing different antibiotics confirmed that the variation of biodegradability was associated with the target compound. While BOD5/COD ratio of veterinary antibiotic formulation wastewater was increased from 0.077 to 0.38 with an applied ozone dosage of 2.96 g/l, this ratio for human antibiotic I and human antibiotic II was increased from 0 to 0.1 and 0.27 respectively. Moreover the results of this investigation showed that the ozonation process is capable of achieving high levels of COD and aromaticity removals at about their natural pH values.